Lime injection technique to improve the behaviour of soft marine clays
TL;DR: In this article, a test program was carried out by injecting lime into a soft marine clay in a test tank, which showed good promise for the use of lime grouting in the treatment of weak marine clayey deposits.
About: This article is published in Ocean Engineering.The article was published on 1994-01-01. It has received 11 citations till now. The article focuses on the topics: Lime & Calcium oxide.
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TL;DR: In this paper, an attempt was made to examine the diffusion of lime in the lime treated marine clay from the lime column or lime injection points and the changes which occurred in the engineering behavior of the soil system.
74 citations
TL;DR: A comprehensive review of the published literature on the use of recycled tyres and tiles to stabilize and enhance soft soils was carried out in this article, where the suitability of recycled tiles and tyres in soil stabilization has been discussed with regard to enhancement of strength and reduction of settlement.
Abstract: Tile waste is found in several forms including manufacturing slurry, manufacturing dust, and solid pieces from cracked, smashed, and rejected tiles at the construction sites. Worn out tyres that are no longer safe to be used by vehicles are either discarded or burned, adversely impacting natural ecosystems. These wastes are non-degradable and have a direct environmental impact. Poor waste management can lead to hazardous pollution, reduced soil fertility, and increased space consumption at disposal sites. The massive and increasing volume of the tile and tyre wastes calls for recycling of the materials for economical reuse, cleaner production, and greener development. One area for beneficial reuse of these waste materials is the improvement of engineering properties in soft soil. Structures on soft soils may experience several forms of damage due to insufficient bearing capacity and excessive settlement. Hence, soil stabilization is often necessary to ensure that the soft soil can meet the engineering requirements for stability. A comprehensive review of the published literature on the use of recycled tyres and tiles to stabilize and enhance soft soils was carried out. The properties of soft soil-waste mixtures such as liquid limit, plastic limit, plasticity index, compaction behaviour, unconfined compressive strength, and California Bearing Ratio have been presented. When used as partial replacement of cement, sand, and aggregate in concrete, the effect of tyre and tile waste on workability, durability, and compressive strength of the concrete has also been presented. Recycled tiles and tyres have been used with or without any other admixtures to sustainably improve the strength and bearing capacity of soil. The suitability of recycled tiles and tyres in soil stabilization has been discussed with regard to enhancement of strength and reduction of settlement. In addition, the beneficial effects of the recycled tiles and tyres, when they partially replace cement, sand or stone in concrete, have been discussed.
54 citations
TL;DR: In this article, the authors evaluated property changes in laboratory-prepared kaolin surrounding lime-cement columns and found that the undrained shear strength properties in the surrounding kaolin were significantly affected by the migration of Ca2+, Na+ and K+ ions.
31 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, a series of permeameters (columns) were used to evaluate the effects of the percolation of water and 1,000 g/mL of zinc chloride solution through a mixture of montmorillonite clay, sand, and lime.
Abstract: A series of permeameters (columns) was used to evaluate the effects of the percolation of water and 1,000 {micro}g/mL of zinc chloride solution through a mixture of montmorillonite clay, sand, and lime. The column test results show that the addition of lime changes the chemical and physical properties of the clay. The hydraulic conductivities for the mixture of clay with different percentages of lime at first increases with increasing lime and then decreases with increasing lime. The breakthrough curves indicate that the Zn(II) capture is increased and Zn(II) breakthrough is delayed with increasing lime addition. Lime also enhances the clay/lime mixture`s ability to resist puncture by sharp objects. Based on the effects of lime on Zn(II) captured by the clay, an explanation for the interacting effects of lime and Zn(II) capture on changing hydraulic conductivity is suggested. The results of this research demonstrate the potential of using lime-treated clay liners for landfills. Such liners would have lower hydraulic conductivity, better resistance to puncture, and enhanced ability to capture heavy metals.
14 citations
Dissertation•
01 Jan 2011
TL;DR: In this article, the authors used the electrokinetic phenomenon (EK) to treat the soil around a partially buried offshore pipeline with the aim of increasing the pipeline stability to lateral buckling and axial walking.
Abstract: There is a growing concern amongst offshore pipeline operators over the instability
problem of lateral buckling and axial walking of offshore pipelines which is linked with
elevated operating temperature and pressure While some mitigating options are
available to tackle this phenomenon, in most cases these are expensive and
impracticable in deep waters, and none ofthem involves the modification of the ambient
soil properties typically characterised by very low undrained shear strength (Cu) and
high water content (w) In recent times, the use of engineered buckle solutions has
become generally accepted as a cost effective and elegant solution This option
involves laying the pipeline in a snake configuration where some specific sections are
designed to move during operation while others relatively stable This option depends
on accurate understanding of pipe-soil interactions which presently poses the greatest
uncertainty in pipeline design Furthermore, in order to ensure that the buckles are
formed as predetermined, the ambient soil strength must be sufficient to resist the pipe
motion at locations designed to be relatively stable or the entire design approach would
be undermined
This dissertation presents laboratory investigations at both small and pilot scale directed
at using the electro-kinetic phenomenon (EK) to treat the soil around a partially buried
pipeline with the aim of increasing the pipeline stability to lateral buckling and axial
walking The influence of the EK treatment was assessed by evaluating the changes in
the soil Cu, wand the soil resistance to vertical, lateral and axial displacements of pipe
sections Additionally, large-scale pipe-soil interaction studies were conducted to study
the soil deformations, especially the real time study of the berm of soil formed and the
development of the soil resistance during pipe motion
Preliminary results of the application of EK in geotechnical engineering to offshore
pipelines show up to 600% increase in Cu, 14% decrease in w and 190% increase in the
pull out force thus implying promising outcomes which could form the basis for
subsequent research in this area
8 citations
Cites methods from "Lime injection technique to improve..."
...This technique has been suggested by Narasimha-Rao and Rajasekaran (1994) for use in stabilizing soft offshore marine clays....
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01 Jun 1972
TL;DR: In this article, it was shown that applying lime by DRILLED-HOLE METHODS is not useful, BECAUSE the AMOUNT and distance of limes is so limited that the bULK of the soil does not benefit from the action of the limes.
Abstract: THIS CONCERNS THE HORIZONTAL MIGRATION OF LIME IN COMPACTED BLOCK SPECIMENS OF TWO PLASTIC SOILS. LIME SLURRY WAS PLACED AT ONE END OF EACH SPECIMEN, AND LIME MIGRATION WAS PERMITTED FOR PERIODS UP TO 180 DAYS. SPECIMENS WERE THEN ANALYZED TO DETERMINE THE AMOUNT AND DISTANCE OF LIME MIGRATION. IT APPEARS THAT APPLYING LIME BY DRILLED-HOLE METHODS IS NOT USEFUL, BECAUSE THE AMOUNT AND DISTANCE OF MIGRATION IS SO LIMITED THAT THE BULK OF THE SOIL DOES NOT BENEFIT FROM THE ACTION OF THE LIME. MOVEMENT OF LIME WAS NOT DETECTED BEYOND ABOUT TWO INCHES, EVEN AFTER A 180-DAY PERIOD. MOISTURE MOVEMENT SEEMS TO HAVE BEE ESSENTIALLY COMPLETE AFTER ABOUT 14 DAYS.
11 citations