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Limnology: Lake and River Ecosystems

01 Jan 1975-
TL;DR: The Ontogeny of Inland Aquatic Ecosystmes: Understanding is Essential for the Future References Appendix Index as discussed by the authors The ontogeny is essential for the future.
Abstract: Preface 1 Prologue 2 Water as a Substance 3 Rivers and Lakes - Their Distribution, Origins, and Forms 4 Water Economy 5 Light in Inland Waters 6 Fate of Heat 7 Water Movements 8 Structure and Productivity of Aquatic Ecosystems 9 Oxygen 10 Salinity of Inland Waters 11 The Inorganic Carbon Complex 12 The Nitrogen Cycle 13 The Phosphorus Cycle 14 Iron, Sulfer, and Silica Cycles 15 Planktonic Communities: Algae and Cyanobacteria 16 Plantonic Communities: Zooplankton and their Interactions with Fish 17 Bacterioplankton 18 Land-Water Interfaces: Larger Plants 19 Land-Water Interfaces: Attached Microorganisms, Littoral Algae, and Zooplankton 20 Shallow Lakes and Ponds 21 Sediments and Microflora 22 Benthic Animals and Fish Communities 23 Detrirus: Organic Carbon Cycling and Ecosystem Metabolism 24 Past Productivity: Paleolimnology 25 The Ontogeny of Inland Aquatic Ecosystmes 26 Inland waters: Understanding is Essential for the Future References Appendix Index
Citations
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Book
01 Sep 2011
TL;DR: In this paper, the Ecosystem Concept is used to describe the Earth's Climate System and Geology and Soils, and the ecosystem concept is used for managing and sustaining ecosystems.
Abstract: I. CONTEXT * The Ecosystem Concept * Earth's Climate System * Geology and Soils * II. MECHANISMS * Terrestrial Water and Energy Balance * Carbon Input to Terrestrial Ecosystems * Terrestrial Production Processes * Terrestrial Decomposition * Terrestrial Plant Nutrient Use * Terrestrial Nutrient Cycling * Aquatic Carbon and Nutrient Cycling * Trophic Dynamics * Community Effects on Ecosystem Processes * III. PATTERNS * Temporal Dynamics * Landscape Heterogeneity and Ecosystem Dynamics * IV. INTEGRATION * Global Biogeochemical Cycles * Managing and Sustaining Ecosystem * Abbreviations * Glossary * References

3,086 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: The Global Lakes and Wetlands Database (GLWD) as mentioned in this paper was created by combining the best available sources for lakes and wetlands on a global scale and the application of Geographic Information System (GIS) functionality enabled the generation of a database which focuses in three coordinated levels on (1) large lakes and reservoirs, (2) smaller water bodies, and (3) wetlands.

1,938 citations


Additional excerpts

  • ...…environment, biodiversity, health (spreading of water-borne diseases), and agricultural suitability (Dugan, 1993; Meybeck, 1995; Hagemann and Dümenil, 1997; Vörösmarty et al., 1997; Groombridge and Jenkins, 1998; Mitsch and Gosselink, 2000; Revenga et al., 2000; Sanderson, 2001; Wetzel, 2001)....

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Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: A review of the relationship between eutrophication, climate change and cyanobacterial blooms in freshwater, estuarine, and marine ecosystems can be found in this paper.

1,675 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: This article used new data sources, enhanced spatial resolution, and new analytical approaches to provide new estimates of the global abundance of surface-water bodies and showed that the global extent of natural lakes is twice as large as previously known.
Abstract: One of the major impediments to the integration of lentic ecosystems into global environmental analyses has been fragmentary data on the extent and size distribution of lakes, ponds, and impoundments. We use new data sources, enhanced spatial resolution, and new analytical approaches to provide new estimates of the global abundance of surface-water bodies. A global model based on the Pareto distribution shows that the global extent of natural lakes is twice as large as previously known (304 million lakes; 4.2 million km2 in area) and is dominated in area by millions of water bodies smaller than 1 km2. Similar analyses of impoundments based on inventories of large, engineered dams show that impounded waters cover approximately 0.26 million km 2 . However, construction of low-tech farm impoundments is estimated to be between 0.1% and 6% of farm area worldwide, dependent upon precipitation, and represents .77,000 km 2 globally, at present. Overall, about 4.6 million km2 of the earth’s continental ‘‘land’’ surface (.3%) is covered by water. These analyses underscore the importance of explicitly considering lakes, ponds, and impoundments, especially small ones, in global analyses of rates and processes.

1,560 citations


Cites background from "Limnology: Lake and River Ecosystem..."

  • ...This more than doubles most quantitative historic estimates (Kalff 2001; Wetzel 2001; Shiklomanov and Rodda 2003)....

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Book
01 Jul 1984
TL;DR: In this article, a set of trajectories of Convex-Valued Differential Inclusions with Maximal Monotone Maps are described. But the complexity of the set of Trajectories of a differential inclusion is not discussed.
Abstract: 0 Background Notes- 1 Continuous Partitions of Unity- 2 Absolutely Continuous Functions- 3 Some Compactness Theorems- 4 Weak Convergence and Asymptotic Center of Bounded Sequences- 5 Closed Convex Hulls and the Mean-Value Theorem- 6 Lower Semicontinuous Convex Functions and Projections of Best Approximation- 7 A Concise Introduction to Convex Analysis- 1 Set-Valued Maps- 1 Set-Valued Maps and Continuity Concepts- 2 Examples of Set-Valued Maps- 3 Continuity Properties of Maps with Closed Convex Graph- 4 Upper Hemicontinuous Maps and the Convergence Theorem- 5 Hausdorff Topology- 6 The Selection Problem- 7 The Minimal Selection- 8 Chebishev Selection- 9 The Barycentric Selection- 10 Selection Theorems for Locally Selectionable Maps- 11 Michael's Selection Theorem- 12 The Approximate Selection Theorem and Kakutani's Fixed Point Theorem- 13 (7-Selectionable Maps- 14 Measurable Selections- 2 Existence of Solutions to Differential Inclusions- 1 Convex Valued Differential Inclusions- 2 Qualitative Properties of the Set of Trajectories of Convex-Valued Differential Inclusions- 3 Nonconvex-Valued Differential Inclusions- 4 Differential Inclusions with Lipschitzean Maps and the Relaxation Theorem- 5 The Fixed-Point Approach- 6 The Lower Semicontinuous Case- 3 Differential Inclusions with Maximal Monotone Maps- 1 Maximal Monotone Maps- 2 Existence and Uniqueness of Solutions to Differential Inclusions with Maximal Monotone Maps- 3 Asymptotic Behavior of Trajectories and the Ergodic Theorem- 4 Gradient Inclusions- 5 Application: Gradient Methods for Constrained Minimization Problems- 4 Viability Theory: The Nonconvex Case- 1 Bouligand's Contingent Cone- 2 Viable and Monotone Trajectories- 3 Contingent Derivative of a Set-Valued Map- 4 The Time Dependent Case- 5 A Continuous Version of Newton's Method- 6 A Viability Theorem for Continuous Maps with Nonconvex Images- 7 Differential Inclusions with Memory- 5 Viability Theory and Regulation of Controled Systems: The Convex Case- 1 Tangent Cones and Normal Cones to Convex Sets- 2 Viability Implies the Existence of an Equilibrium- 3 Viability Implies the Existence of Periodic Trajectories- 4 Regulation of Controled Systems Through Viability- 5 Walras Equilibria and Dynamical Price Decentralization- 6 Differential Variational Inequalities- 7 Rate Equations and Inclusions- 6 Liapunov Functions- 1 Upper Contingent Derivative of a Real-Valued Function- 2 Liapunov Functions and Existence of Equilibria- 3 Monotone Trajectories of a Differential Inclusion- 4 Construction of Liapunov Functions- 5 Stability and Asymptotic Behavior of Trajectories- Comments

1,156 citations