Local Pulse Wave Velocity estimation using Magnetic Plethysmograph
03 Jul 2013-Vol. 2013, pp 2287-2290
TL;DR: The design of a Compact Single element MPG (CS-MPG) sensor is presented and the functionality of the sensor is verified by phantom experiments, and the utility of this sensor for in-vivo measurements of PWV is demonstrated.
Abstract: Pulse Wave Velocity(PWV) is an established measure of arterial stiffness. We present a method of measuring local pulse wave velocity by the use of Magnetic Plethysmograph(MPG) sensors. The design of a Compact Single element MPG (CS-MPG) sensor is presented. The functionality of the sensor is verified by phantom experiments. The utility of this sensor for in-vivo measurements of PWV is also demonstrated. Further, a Dual-element MPG (D-MPG) for evaluation of local PWV is also presented. The error in measurement of PWV using this sensor is characterised experimentally and shown to be within acceptable limits. The ability of this dual element sensor to measure local PWV in-vivo is also demonstrated by trials on volunteers.
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TL;DR: A literature survey covering recent developments is presented in order to identify gaps in the literature regarding the calibration of pulse transit/arrival times to blood pressure, acquisition and processing of physiological signals and the design of fully integrated blood pressure measurement systems.
Abstract: Blood pressure monitoring based on pulse transit or arrival time has been the focus of much research in order to design ambulatory blood pressure monitors. The accuracy of these monitors is limited by several challenges, such as acquisition and processing of physiological signals as well as changes in vascular tone and the pre-ejection period. In this work, a literature survey covering recent developments is presented in order to identify gaps in the literature. The findings of the literature are classified according to three aspects. These are the calibration of pulse transit/arrival times to blood pressure, acquisition and processing of physiological signals and finally, the design of fully integrated blood pressure measurement systems. Alternative technologies as well as locations for the measurement of the pulse wave signal should be investigated in order to improve the accuracy during calibration. Furthermore, the integration and validation of monitoring systems needs to be improved in current ambulatory blood pressure monitors.
130 citations
TL;DR: This review is focused on heart rate measurement methods located on forearm and more specifically on the wrist, and the superposition of motion artefacts over the signal of interest is one of the largest drawbacks for these methods, when used out of laboratory conditions.
Abstract: When evaluating general health condition on a patient, heart rate is an essential indicator as it is directly representative of the cardiac system state. Continuous measurement methods of heart rate are required for ambulatory monitoring involved in preliminary diagnostic indicators of cardiac diseases or stroke. The growing number of recent developments in wearable devices is reflective of the increasing demand in wrist-worn activity trackers for fitness and health applications. Indeed, the wrist represents a convenient location in terms of form factor and acceptability for patients. While most commercially-available devices are based on optical methods for heart rate measurement, others methods were also developed, based on various physiological phenomena. This review is focused on heart rate measurement methods located on forearm and more specifically on the wrist. For each method, the physiological mechanism involved is described, and the associated transducers for bio-signal acquisition as well as practical developments and prototypes are presented. Methods are discussed on their advantages, limitations and their suitability for an ambulatory use. More specifically, the superposition of motion artefacts over the signal of interest is one of the largest drawbacks for these methods, when used out of laboratory conditions. As such, artefact reduction techniques proposed in the literature are also presented and discussed.
21 citations
Cites methods from "Local Pulse Wave Velocity estimatio..."
...pressure evaluation using PTT method [69, 70]....
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16 citations
03 Jul 2013
TL;DR: A simultaneous analysis system for blood pressure and flow using photoplethysmography and ultrasonic-measurement-integrated simulation is developed and confirmed by analysis of blood flow field in a carotid artery and corresponding wave intensity values.
Abstract: We developed a simultaneous analysis system for blood pressure and flow using photoplethysmography and ultrasonic-measurement-integrated simulation. The validity of the system was confirmed by analysis of blood flow field in a carotid artery and corresponding wave intensity (WI) values.
4 citations
13 May 2021
TL;DR: In this paper, the use of magnetic plethysmography as a noninvasive method of diagnostics of obstructive sleep apnea syndrome was considered, and a model of biotechnical system was designed and manufactured, taking into account the requirements for ergonomics and low cost, the software for data reception and visualization was developed, an algorithm for automatic registration of respiratory movements frequency was proposed, and the product was tested.
Abstract: Sleep breathing disorder is a pathological condition characterized by changes in respiratory parameters, which includes obstructive sleep apnea syndrome, which, according to modern research, is associated with cardiovascular diseases. The high prevalence of this pathology and the lack of practical possibility to perform an in-depth examination of all potentially needy people necessitates the development of new diagnostic principles. In this article, the method of magnetic plethysmography as a noninvasive method of diagnostics of obstructive sleep apnea syndrome was considered. The model of biotechnical system was designed and manufactured, taking into account the requirements for ergonomics and low cost, the software for data reception and visualization was developed, an algorithm for automatic registration of respiratory movements frequency was proposed, and the product was tested. According to the results of the research, the performance of the product was proven: the ability to register respiratory wave from the thoracic and abdominal surface, the selection of respiratory rate and heart rate, nighttime sleep monitoring, the ability to detect apnea episodes, the ability of the algorithm to automatically register respiratory rate. It is concluded that the biotechnical system can be used for screening patients with obstructive sleep apnea syndrome and needs further development.
References
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01 Dec 2011
TL;DR: This paper presents an approach to measure PWV using two synchronized, wireless pulse oximeters placed on the wrist and fingertip of the same hand, and shows that PWV values for inflection points are larger than those calculated at waveform feet.
Abstract: Pulse wave velocity (PWV) has garnered attention as a means to estimate vessel elasticity. This paper presents an approach to measure PWV using two synchronized, wireless pulse oximeters placed on the wrist and fingertip of the same hand. A MATLAB interface acquires and time-aligns these incoming photoplethysmograms (PPGs), and then it calculates PWVs using time differences at three waveform features: the foot, inflection point, and peak of the rising slope in each PPG. Consistent with expectations, PWV values for inflection points are larger than those calculated at waveform feet, since PWV is known to increase with increased intra-arterial pressure. However, the presence of pulse wave reflections complicates the interpretation of PWVs calculated from the PPG peaks since the reflected components impose a varying time delay on the related peaks.
14 citations
12 Nov 2012
TL;DR: The novel nanosecond pulse near-field sensing (NPNS) based screening technology with dual-antenna, which includes radio frequency (RF) pulse transmission and two combined flat antenna connected to transceiver of miniature radar, is proposed to derive relative blood pressure parameters from measured blood flow activity (Pulse Wave Velocity, PWV).
Abstract: Long-term and continuous non-invasive blood pressure monitoring has shown that it is the most important to clinical diagnosis of cardiovascular diseases and personal home health care. Currently, there are many preferable non-invasive methods, including optical sensor, pressure-sensitive transducers, and applanation tonometry, to get insight of blood pressure and flow signal detection. However, the operation of traditional monitors is cuff accessories needed, and also the sensing probes needed to exert pressure to the user directly. The measurement procedure is limited by long-term, continuous measurement and also easy to cause discomfort. To improve these issues, the non-pressurized and non-invasive measuring method will become an important innovation improvement. In this paper, the novel nanosecond pulse near-field sensing (NPNS) based screening technology with dual-antenna, which includes radio frequency (RF) pulse transmission and two combined flat antenna connected to transceiver of miniature radar, is proposed to derive relative blood pressure parameters from measured blood flow activity (Pulse Wave Velocity, PWV). A dedicated analysis software is also provided to calculate cardiovascular parameters, including PWV, average systolic time, diastolic and systolic pressure, for clinical and homecare applications. To evaluate the performance, the proposed method was applied on blood pressure measurement at the body site of limbs (brachial and leg). As a result, it shows error of DBP and SBP is 5.18±1.61 and 4.09 ± 1.69 mmHg in average compared with the measurement result from commercial product, and performs the capability of continuous long-term monitoring in real-time.
14 citations
12 Nov 2012
TL;DR: The design of a novel Magnetic PlethysmoGraph (MPG) for non-invasive estimation of PWV is presented and the ability of the proposed transducer to detect the blood pulse waveform is verified by in-vivo tests and an occlusion test.
Abstract: Noninvasive evaluation of arterial compliance by measurement of Pulse Wave Velocity (PWV) has proven utility in cardiovascular screening. We present the design of a novel Magnetic PlethysmoGraph (MPG) for non-invasive estimation of PWV. The system uses a Giant Magneto Resistance (GMR) sensor to detect the fluctuations caused by blood flow in an ambient magnetic field encompassing the blood vessel. The design of an Electro Magnet (EM) based MPG transducer is presented. The ability of the proposed transducer to detect the blood pulse waveform is verified by in-vivo tests and an occlusion test. The design is further validated by demonstrating in-vivo measurements of carotid to radial artery PWV. The design of a dual element transducer for evaluation of local PWV is also presented. The proposed dual element plethysmograph is capable of measuring PWV over sections of the arterial tree as small as 15 mm.
8 citations
01 Dec 2004
TL;DR: The new-developed system has 2 major advantages: DSP-based system would decrease the measurement time by using simple operation procedures and it is cost-reduced as timing acquisition can be obtained without 3 electrocardiogram leads.
Abstract: Arterial stiffness is an important determinant of cardiovascular risk and can be assessed by a number of methods, including measurement of the pulse wave velocity (PWV) and the arterial distensibility It reveals the relationship between the elasticity of vessel and pulse propagated through arterial wall Ultrasound sensor and pressure sensor can be used to measure PWV more directly and efficiently However, expensive equipment and professional operations are necessary for the high-cost methods above The purpose of the present study was to develop a convenient and reliable PWV measurement device The new-developed system was used to measure PWV of subject without connection of personal computer The system has 2 major advantages: (1) DSP-based system would decrease the measurement time by using simple operation procedures; (2) It is cost-reduced as timing acquisition can be obtained without 3 electrocardiogram leads The reproducibility of the system was demonstrated by the experimental result of this study
3 citations