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Journal ArticleDOI

LQG controller in cascade loop tuned by PSO applied to a DC–DC converter

TL;DR: In this article, a Linear Quadratic Gaussian (LQG) controller in cascade loop applied to a Two-Switch Forward Converter (2SFC) is presented.
Abstract: This work presents a Linear Quadratic Gaussian (LQG) controller in cascade loop applied to a Two‐Switch Forward Converter (2SFC). This arrange is suitable for low power battery chargers an...
Citations
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Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this article, a cascade controller is demonstrated for a buck-boost converter that is combined with two control loops consisting of inner and outer controllers, and a self-tuning regulator adaptive controller, which tries to regulate the current with the help of a novel improved exponential regressive least square identification in an online technique, is designed.
Abstract: The design of a cascade controller is demonstrated for a buck–boost converter that is combined with two control loops consisting of inner and outer controllers. The outer loop is implemented by a fractional-order proportional-integrated-derivative (FO-PID) controller that works as a voltage controller and generates a reference current for the inner control loop. To provide faster dynamic performance for inner loop, a self-tuning regulator adaptive controller, which tries to regulates the current with the help of a novel improved exponential regressive least square identification in an online technique, is designed. Moreover, in the outer loop, to tune the gains of the FO-PID controller, a novel algorithm of antlion optimizer algorithm is used that offers many benefits in comparison with other algorithms. The system provided by the boost mode is a non-minimum phase system, which creates challenges for designing a stable controller. In addition, a single loop controller is proposed based on a PID controller tuned by a particle swarm optimization algorithm to be compared with the cascade controller. Cascade loop can present significant benefits to the controller such as better disturbance rejection. Finally, the strength of the presented cascade control scheme is verified in different performing situations by real-time experiments.

14 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this article , the authors proposed an innovative technique for the load frequency control (LFC) of a three-area hybrid power system by putting into consideration of honey badger algorithm-based fractional order proportional integral derivative (FOPID) controller.
Abstract: This study proposes an innovative technique for the load frequency control (LFC) of a three-area hybrid power system by putting into consideration of honey badger algorithm-based fractional order proportional integral derivative (FOPID) controller. The algorithm’s veritable use is attempted by arranging a FOPID controller for the hybrid system’s frequency regulation; the incredible potential of the proposed algorithm is proven. The proposed HBA-based FOPID regulator is presented by comparing its results with other current methods. It is seen that the said regulator is more viable for the frequency control contrasted with the regular regulator by considering a change in system parameters and different paces of RES penetration. It is also seen that the recommended controller is found to be more effective for load frequency control than the conventional controllers.

4 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
Wei Sun, Kang Wei, Zhi Liu, Qiyue Li, Xiaobing Xu 
TL;DR: A linear quadratic Gaussian (LQG) control on the wireless link to ensure its reliability and compare it with state-of-the-art methods through simulation and verify its effectiveness in a real-world UHV substation.
Abstract: In ultrahigh-voltage (UHV) power substations, mobile robots equipped with sensors and cameras have been adopted for patrolling and inspecting the operational status of devices. The robots connect with a management system via wireless communication. However, environmental factors, such as distance to the wireless access point, surrounding structures, or electromagnetic interference, affect the reliability of wireless communication and, therefore, impact robot operation. To meet the reliability requirement specified by the smart grid communication standard, we propose a linear quadratic Gaussian (LQG) control on the wireless link to ensure its reliability. First, a state-space model of wireless links is constructed based on a path loss model, in which the signal-to-interference-plus-noise ratio (SNIR) is chosen as the state of the system. Then, an improved Kalman filter and a linear quadratic regulator control are adopted to estimate the state and obtain the optimal transmitting power, respectively. In addition, the confidence interval of the SNIR is estimated to compensate for the filtered random factors on the SNIR. Finally, to evaluate the proposed LQG controller, we compare it with state-of-the-art methods through simulation and verify its effectiveness in a real-world UHV substation.

3 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this paper , the authors proposed a linear quadratic Gaussian (LQG) control on the wireless link to ensure its reliability in ultra-highvoltage (UHV) power substations.
Abstract: In ultrahigh-voltage (UHV) power substations, mobile robots equipped with sensors and cameras have been adopted for patrolling and inspecting the operational status of devices. The robots connect with a management system via wireless communication. However, environmental factors, such as distance to the wireless access point, surrounding structures, or electromagnetic interference, affect the reliability of wireless communication and, therefore, impact robot operation. To meet the reliability requirement specified by the smart grid communication standard, we propose a linear quadratic Gaussian (LQG) control on the wireless link to ensure its reliability. First, a state-space model of wireless links is constructed based on a path loss model, in which the signal-to-interference-plus-noise ratio (SNIR) is chosen as the state of the system. Then, an improved Kalman filter and a linear quadratic regulator control are adopted to estimate the state and obtain the optimal transmitting power, respectively. In addition, the confidence interval of the SNIR is estimated to compensate for the filtered random factors on the SNIR. Finally, to evaluate the proposed LQG controller, we compare it with state-of-the-art methods through simulation and verify its effectiveness in a real-world UHV substation.

2 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this paper , a cascade technique with two control loops is designed for a DC\DC Buck-Boost converter that is a right halfplane zero (RHPZ) structure called a non-minimum phase system.
Abstract: A cascade technique with two control loops is designed for a DC\DC Buck-Boost converter that is a right half-plane zero (RHPZ) structure called a non-minimum phase system. This concept presents several challenging constraints for designing well-behaved control techniques. Cascade controllers can provide various benefits compared with single loop controllers such as higher safety, higher robustness, and higher stability. This strategy assumes the system as a black-box structure without the need for a mathematical model of the system. This benefit can decrease the computational burden and provides faster dynamics along with ease of implementation. This technique consisted of an outer Fractional-order PID voltage controller tuned with the Antlion Optimizer (ALO) algorithm, which provides a reference current for the inner control loop of the Neural Network-based LQR (NN-LQR) controller. The basic principle in cascade controllers is a more rapid performance of the inner loop that has been satisfied with the NN-LQR strategy, which optimizes and tunes the gains of the LQR controller and shows faster dynamics and higher robustness. It should be mentioned that the number of neurons is limited to 2 and 4 in each layer to decrease the computational burden with lower complexity. Also, the ALO algorithm is a modern nature-inspired algorithm used to tune the PID gains with better results under-constrained problems with diverse search spaces. Considering the negative impacts of various disturbances on a power converter, a Fractional-order-based PID (FO-PID) control technique is a proper alternative since it shows higher robustness in load uncertainties along with better dynamical responses based on its extra degree of freedom. Moreover, to evaluate the superiority of this controller, two other controllers are designed using the PSO algorithm for PID and FO-PID controllers. Finally, the presented cascade controller has been tested in various working conditions through simulation and experiment results.

1 citations

References
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Book ChapterDOI

[...]

01 Jan 2012

139,059 citations


"LQG controller in cascade loop tune..." refers background or methods in this paper

  • ...Following some of the guidelines given by [23,24], configuration parameters given by Table 1 were adopted for PSO....

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  • ...After that, PSO algorithm has suffered several adaptations through many different applications, where two main topologies are highlighted by [24]....

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  • ...There are two main types of PSO topologies, gbest and lbest [24]....

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  • ...Such topology may suffer of premature convergence to a local minimum, but its use may achieve faster convergence rate and reduce computational cost [24]....

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Book
01 Jan 1984
TL;DR: This volume focuses on the design of computer-controlled systems, featuring computational tools that can be applied directly and are explained with simple paper-and-pencil calculations.
Abstract: Practically all modern control systems are based upon microprocessors and complex microcontrollers that yield high performance and functionality. This volume focuses on the design of computer-controlled systems, featuring computational tools that can be applied directly and are explained with simple paper-and-pencil calculations. The use of computational tools is balanced by a strong emphasis on control system principles and ideas. Extensive pedagogical aids include worked examples, MATLAB macros, and a solutions manual. The initial chapter presents a broad outline of computer-controlled systems, followed by a computer-oriented view based on the behavior of the system at sampling instants. An introduction to the design of control systems leads to a process-related view and coverage of methods of translating analog designs to digital control. Concluding chapters explore implementation issues and advanced design methods. (Less)

3,554 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: The Internal Model Principle is extended to weakly nonlinear systems subjected to step disturbances and reference signals and is shown that, in the frequency domain, the purpose of the internal model is to supply closed loop transmission zeros which cancel the unstable poles of the disturbance andreference signals.

2,613 citations


Additional excerpts

  • ...By considering the Internal Model Principle, in order to reject disturbances with step behavior, integral action must be included in the model [14]....

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Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: The proposed PSO method was indeed more efficient and robust in improving the step response of an AVR system and had superior features, including easy implementation, stable convergence characteristic, and good computational efficiency.
Abstract: In this paper, a novel design method for determining the optimal proportional-integral-derivative (PID) controller parameters of an AVR system using the particle swarm optimization (PSO) algorithm is presented. This paper demonstrated in detail how to employ the PSO method to search efficiently the optimal PID controller parameters of an AVR system. The proposed approach had superior features, including easy implementation, stable convergence characteristic, and good computational efficiency. Fast tuning of optimum PID controller parameters yields high-quality solution. In order to assist estimating the performance of the proposed PSO-PID controller, a new time-domain performance criterion function was also defined. Compared with the genetic algorithm (GA), the proposed method was indeed more efficient and robust in improving the step response of an AVR system.

1,485 citations


"LQG controller in cascade loop tune..." refers methods in this paper

  • ...Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO), are employed for controller design, as in [8,9]....

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Proceedings ArticleDOI
01 Apr 2007
TL;DR: A standard algorithm is defined here which is designed to be a straightforward extension of the original algorithm while taking into account more recent developments that can be expected to improve performance on standard measures.
Abstract: Particle swarm optimization has become a common heuristic technique in the optimization community, with many researchers exploring the concepts, issues, and applications of the algorithm. In spite of this attention, there has as yet been no standard definition representing exactly what is involved in modern implementations of the technique. A standard is defined here which is designed to be a straightforward extension of the original algorithm while taking into account more recent developments that can be expected to improve performance on standard measures. This standard algorithm is intended for use both as a baseline for performance testing of improvements to the technique, as well as to represent PSO to the wider optimization community

1,269 citations