Lumbar disc degeneration and genetic factors are the main risk factors for low back pain in women: the UK Twin Spine Study
Gregory Livshits,Maria Popham,Ida Malkin,Philip N. Sambrook,Alex J. MacGregor,Tim D. Spector,Frances M K Williams +6 more
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TLDR
The main risk factors for reported episodes of severe and disabling LBP in UK women include the degree of LDD as assessed by MRI, being overweight and genetic heritability.Abstract:
Objective Low back pain (LBP) is a common musculoskeletal disorder, but it is still unclear which individuals develop it. The authors examined the contribution of genetic factors, lumbar disc degeneration (LDD) and other risk factors in a female sample of the general population. Material and Methods A cross-sectional study was conducted among 2256 women (371 and 698 monozygotic and dizygotic twin pairs and 29 sibling pairs and 60 singletons) with a mean age of 50 years (18–84). A self-reported validated questionnaire was used to collect back pain data. Risk factors including body weight, smoking, occupation, physical exercise and MRI assessed LDD were measured. Data analysis included logistic regression and variance decomposition. Results The major factors associated with LBP included genetic background, with OR approximately 6 if the monozygotic co-twin had LBP, or 2.2 if she was a dizygotic co-twin. In addition, LDD and overweight were highly signifi cantly (p<0.001) associated with non-specifi c LBP. The single most important risk factor was the amount of LDD. After adjustment for other risk factors, the individuals who exhibited advanced LDD (90% vs 10%) had 3.2 higher odds of manifesting LBP. The data also showed a signifi cant (p<0.001) genetic correlation between the LBP and LDD measurements, suggesting that approximately 11–13% of the genetic effects are shared by LDD and LBP. Conclusions The main risk factors for reported episodes of severe and disabling LBP in UK women include the degree of LDD as assessed by MRI, being overweight and genetic heritability.read more
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References
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Book
Introduction to quantitative genetics
TL;DR: The genetic constitution of a population: Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium and changes in gene frequency: migration mutation, changes of variance, and heritability are studied.
Journal Article
Human biochemical genetics
TL;DR: For the next few weeks the course is going to be exploring a field that’s actually older than classical population genetics, although the approach it’ll be taking to it involves the use of population genetic machinery.
Journal ArticleDOI
Epidemiological features of chronic low-back pain
TL;DR: Because the validity and reliability of some of the existing data are uncertain, caution is needed in an assessment of the information on this type of pain.
Journal ArticleDOI
Magnetic resonance imaging of the lumbar spine in people without back pain.
Maureen C. Jensen,Michael Brant-Zawadzki,Nancy A. Obuchowski,Michael T. Modic,Dennis Malkasian,Jeffrey S. Ross +5 more
TL;DR: On MRI examination of the lumbar spine, many people without back pain have disk bulges or protrusions but not extrusions, and the discovery by MRI of bulging disks in people with low back pain may frequently be coincidental.