Luminescent Covalent Organic Frameworks for Biosensing and Bioimaging Applications.
TL;DR: Luminescent covalent organic frameworks (LCOFs) have attracted significant attention due to their tunability of structures and photophysical properties at molecular level as discussed by the authors, and a specific review that analyses the advances of LCOFs in the field of biosensing and bioimaging is thus urged to emerge.
Abstract: Luminescent covalent organic frameworks (LCOFs) have attracted significant attention due to their tunability of structures and photophysical properties at molecular level. LCOFs are built to highly ordered and periodic 2D or 3D framework structures through covalently assembling with various luminophore building blocks. Recently, the advantages of LCOFs including predesigned properties of structure, unique photoluminescence, hypotoxicity and good biocompatibility and tumor penetration, broaden their applications in biorelated fields, such as biosensing, bioimaging, and drug delivery. A specific review that analyses the advances of LCOFs in the field of biosensing and bioimaging is thus urged to emerge. Here the construction of LCOFs is reviewed first. The synthetic chemistry of LCOFs highlights the key role of chemical linkages, which not only concrete the building blocks but also affect the optical properties and even can act as the responsive sites for potential sensing applications. How to brighten LCOFs are clarified through description of structure managements. The ability to utilize the luminescence of LCOFs for applications in biosensing and bioimaging is discussed using state-of-the-art examples of varied practical goals. A prospect finally addresses opportunities and challenges the development of LCOFs facing from chemistry, physics to the applications, according to their current progress.
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TL;DR: The metal-free COFs do not have these properties and are therefore excluded from such applications as mentioned in this paper , while metal-ated COFs have additional intriguing properties and applications, and have attracted considerable attention over the past decade.
Abstract: Covalent organic frameworks (COFs) are a class of organic crystalline porous materials discovered in the early 21st century that have become an attractive class of emerging materials due to their high crystallinity, intrinsic porosity, structural regularity, diverse functionality, design flexibility, and outstanding stability. However, many chemical and physical properties strongly depend on the presence of metal ions in materials for advanced applications, but metal-free COFs do not have these properties and are therefore excluded from such applications. Metalated COFs formed by combining COFs with metal ions, while retaining the advantages of COFs, have additional intriguing properties and applications, and have attracted considerable attention over the past decade. This review presents all aspects of metalated COFs, from synthetic strategies to various applications, in the hope of promoting the continued development of this young field.
45 citations
TL;DR: In this article , aggregation-induced emission (AIE) based luminescent frameworks have emerged as potential candidates for sensing applications owing to the distinct emission property of AIE luminogens.
23 citations
TL;DR: In this article , a review summarizes recently published applications of COFs in drug delivery, photo-immuno therapy, sonodynamic therapy, photothermal therapy, chemotherapy, pyroptosis, and combination therapy.
20 citations
TL;DR: Liu et al. as mentioned in this paper provided the basic principle of designing luminescent HOFs and pointed out the research perspectives of luminescence in the future, thus broadening the applications of HOF and enriching luminecent porous materials.
Abstract: Hydrogen‐bonded organic frameworks (HOFs) have aroused interest due to their applications in gas storage and separation and proton conduction. Much effort has been focused on developing stable HOFs with permanent porosity. Recently, more attention has been paid to the development of luminescent HOFs. At present, a systematic study on luminescent HOFs is lacking. Here, recent advances in luminescent HOFs are highlighted. The construction of luminescent HOFs, luminescent properties of HOFs, and corresponding applications are discussed in detail. According to luminescent properties, luminescent HOFs can be divided into fluorescent HOFs and room‐temperature phosphorescent HOFs. In addition, HOFs with color‐tunable luminescence, stimuli‐responsive luminescence, or mechanoluminescence are also introduced at great length. These distinctive features endow HOFs with wide applications in chemical sensing, microlasers, stimuli‐responsive sensing, oxygen sensing, data encryption, and so on. This review not only provides the basic principle of designing luminescent HOFs but also points out the research perspectives of luminescent HOFs in the future. This review lays the foundation for developing luminescent HOFs, thus broadening the applications of HOFs and enriching luminescent porous materials.
15 citations
TL;DR: Covalent organic frameworks (COFs) are an emerging type of porous crystalline polymers that are built by light elements (typically H, B, C, N, O and Si) via organic covalent bonds as discussed by the authors .
14 citations
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TL;DR: This paper presents a meta-analysis of the chiral stationary phase transition of Na6(CO3)(SO4)2, a major component of the response of the immune system to Na2CO3.
Abstract: Ju Mei,†,‡,∥ Nelson L. C. Leung,†,‡,∥ Ryan T. K. Kwok,†,‡ Jacky W. Y. Lam,†,‡ and Ben Zhong Tang*,†,‡,§ †HKUST-Shenzhen Research Institute, Hi-Tech Park, Nanshan, Shenzhen 518057, China ‡Department of Chemistry, HKUST Jockey Club Institute for Advanced Study, Institute of Molecular Functional Materials, Division of Biomedical Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Molecular Neuroscience, Division of Life Science, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China Guangdong Innovative Research Team, SCUT-HKUST Joint Research Laboratory, State Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials and Devices, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, China
5,658 citations
TL;DR: In this critical review, recent progress in the area ofAIE research is summarized and typical examples of AIE systems are discussed, from which their structure-property relationships are derived.
Abstract: Luminogenic materials with aggregation-induced emission (AIE) attributes have attracted much interest since the debut of the AIE concept in 2001. In this critical review, recent progress in the area of AIE research is summarized. Typical examples of AIE systems are discussed, from which their structure–property relationships are derived. Through mechanistic decipherment of the photophysical processes, structural design strategies for generating new AIE luminogens are developed. Technological, especially optoelectronic and biological, applications of the AIE systems are exemplified to illustrate how the novel AIE effect can be utilized for high-tech innovations (183 references).
4,996 citations
TL;DR: “United the authors stand, United they fall”–Aesop.
Abstract: "United we stand, divided we fall."--Aesop. Aggregation-induced emission (AIE) refers to a photophysical phenomenon shown by a group of luminogenic materials that are non-emissive when they are dissolved in good solvents as molecules but become highly luminescent when they are clustered in poor solvents or solid state as aggregates. In this Review we summarize the recent progresses made in the area of AIE research. We conduct mechanistic analyses of the AIE processes, unify the restriction of intramolecular motions (RIM) as the main cause for the AIE effects, and derive RIM-based molecular engineering strategies for the design of new AIE luminogens (AIEgens). Typical examples of the newly developed AIEgens and their high-tech applications as optoelectronic materials, chemical sensors and biomedical probes are presented and discussed.
2,322 citations
TL;DR: The Hg(II) Detector simplifies the experimental setup by enabling a single amplifier to be switched between the Oligonucleotide-Based and DNAzyme-Based detectors.
Abstract: 9.2. Protein-Based Hg(II) Detectors 3467 9.3. Oligonucleotide-Based Hg(II) Detector 3467 9.4. DNAzyme-Based Hg(II) Detectors 3469 9.5. Antibody-Based Hg(II) Detector 3469 10. Mercury Detectors Based on Materials 3469 10.1. Soluble and Fluorescent Polymers 3469 10.2. Membranes, Films, and Fibers 3471 10.3. Micelles 3473 10.4. Nanoparticles 3473 11. Perspectives 3474 12. Addendum 3475 12.1. Small Molecules 3475 12.2. Biomolecules 3477 12.3. Materials 3477 13. List of Abbreviations 3477 14. Acknowledgments 3478 15. References 3478
2,139 citations
1,609 citations