Madden–Julian Oscillation: Bridging Weather and Climate
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The Madden-Julian oscillation exerts broad influences on global weather and climate as its center of convection moves from the tropical Indian Ocean into the Pacific. as mentioned in this paper provides a brief summary of the connections between the Madden and climate phenomena.Abstract:
The Madden–Julian oscillation exerts broad influences on global weather and climate as its center of convection moves from the tropical Indian Ocean into the Pacific. Weather events under the influence of the MJO include precipitation, surface temperature, tropical cyclones, tornadoes, flood, wildfire, and lightning, among others. Several climate phenomena are also affected by the MJO. They are the monsoons, El Nino–Southern Oscillation, the North Atlantic Oscillation, the Pacific and North American pattern, the Arctic and Antarctic Oscillations or northern and southern annual modes, the Indian Ocean dipole, the Wyrtki jets, and the Indonesian Through-flow. This article provides a brief summary of the connections between the MJO and these weather and climate phenomena. These connections demonstrate the critical role of the MJO in the weather–climate continuum and its prediction.read more
Citations
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Tracking Pulses of the Madden–Julian Oscillation
TL;DR: An international field campaign aiming at atmospheric and oceanic processes associated with the Madden-Julian oscillation (MJO) was conducted in and around the tropical Indian Ocean during October 2011-March 2012 as discussed by the authors.
Journal ArticleDOI
Climate and climatic variability of rainfall over eastern Africa
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors examined several aspects of the climate of eastern Africa and found that the long rains have been declining continuously in recent decades, and that the Madden-Julian Oscillation has emerged as a factor in interannual and intraseasonal variability.
Journal ArticleDOI
Vertical structure and physical processes of the Madden-Julian oscillation: exploring key model physics in climate simulations
Xianan Jiang,Xianan Jiang,Duane E. Waliser,Duane E. Waliser,Prince K. Xavier,Jon Petch,Nicholas P. Klingaman,Steven J. Woolnough,Bin Guan,Bin Guan,Gilles Bellon,Traute Crueger,Charlotte A. DeMott,Cecile Hannay,Hai Lin,Wenting Hu,Daehyun Kim,Cara-Lyn Lappen,Mong-Ming Lu,Hsi-Yen Ma,Tomoki Miyakawa,James A. Ridout,Siegfried D. Schubert,John Scinocca,Kyong-Hwan Seo,Eiki Shindo,Xiaoliang Song,Cristiana Stan,Wan-Ling Tseng,Wanqiu Wang,Tongwen Wu,Xiaoqing Wu,Klaus Wyser,Guang J. Zhang,Hongyan Zhu +34 more
TL;DR: In this article, a global model evaluation project on vertical structure and physical processes of the Madden-Julian oscillation (MJO) was coordinated to reduce deficiencies in representing the MJO in general circulation models.
Journal ArticleDOI
The MJO as a Dispersive, Convectively Coupled Moisture Wave: Theory and Observations
Ángel F. Adames,Daehyun Kim +1 more
TL;DR: In this paper, a linear wave theory for the Madden-Julian oscillation (MJO) is extended upon in this study, where column moisture is the only prognostic variable and the horizontal wind is diagnosed as the forced Kelvin and Rossby wave responses to an equatorial heat source/sink.
Journal ArticleDOI
Review of Tropical-Extratropical Teleconnections on Intraseasonal Time Scales
Cristiana Stan,David M. Straus,Jorgen S. Frederiksen,Hai Lin,Eric D. Maloney,Courtney Schumacher +5 more
TL;DR: In this article, the authors present a review of the observed characteristics of intraseasonal tropical-extratropical interactions and their associated mechanisms, identifies the significant gaps in this understanding, and recommends new research endeavors to address the remaining challenges.
References
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A Dipole Mode in the Tropical Indian Ocean
TL;DR: An analysis of observational data over the past 40 years shows a dipole mode in the Indian Ocean: a pattern of internal variability with anomalously low sea surface temperatures off Sumatra and high seasurface temperatures in the western Indian Ocean, with accompanying wind and precipitation anomalies.
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Teleconnections in the Geopotential Height Field during the Northern Hemisphere Winter
John M. Wallace,David S. Gutzler +1 more
TL;DR: In this paper, a review of existing literature on the subject reveals the existence of at least four such patterns: the North Atlantic and North Pacific Oscillations identified by Walker and Bliss (1932), a zonally symmetric seesaw between sea level pressures in polar and temperature latitudes, first noted by Lorenz (1951), and what we will refer to as the Pacific/North American pattern, which has been known to operational long-range forecasters in this country since the 1950's.
Journal ArticleDOI
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TL;DR: In this article, the authors compared the structure and seasonality of the Southern Hemisphere (SH) annular mode and the Northern Hemisphere (NH) mode, referred to as the Arctic Oscillation (AO), based on data from the National Centers for Environmental Prediction and National Center for Atmospheric Research reanalysis and supplementary datasets.
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Detection of a 40–50 Day Oscillation in the Zonal Wind in the Tropical Pacific
Roland A. Madden,Paul R. Julian +1 more
TL;DR: In this paper, a very pronounced maximum was noted in the co-spectrum of the 850- and 150-mb zonal wind components in the frequency range 0.0245-0.0190 day−1 (41-53 days period).
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Description of Global-Scale Circulation Cells in the Tropics with a 40–50 Day Period
Roland A. Madden,Paul R. Julian +1 more
TL;DR: In this article, a long time series (5-10 years) of station pressure and upper air data from stations located in the tropics are subjected to spectral and cross-spectral analysis to investigate the spatial extent of a previously detected oscillation in various variables with a period range of 40-50 days.
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