Maintaining Power Integrity by damping the cavity-mode anti-resonances' peaks on a power plane by Particle Swarm Optimization
19 Mar 2012-pp 525-528
TL;DR: To maintain Power Integrity in a high speed system, an effective methodology for suppressing the cavity-mode anti-resonances peaks is presented and optimum values and the optimal positions of the decoupling capacitors are found using Particle Swarm Optimization.
Abstract: To maintain Power Integrity in a high speed system, an effective methodology for suppressing the cavity-mode anti-resonances peaks is presented. The optimum values and the optimal positions of the decoupling capacitors are found using Particle Swarm Optimization, which leads to optimum impedance of power plane loaded with decoupling capacitors. Optimum number of capacitors and their values, by which impedance of loaded board is matched below the target impedance of the system, are found.
Citations
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TL;DR: In this paper, the authors focus on damping cavity mode effects in power delivery networks by the particle swarm optimization technique and find the optimal capacitors and their locations on the board using the presented methodology.
Abstract: The Power Integrity problem for high speed systems is discussed in context of selection and placement of decoupling capacitors. Power Integrity is maintained by damping the cavity mode peaks at resonant frequencies using decoupling capacitors. This article focuses on damping cavity mode effects in power delivery networks by the particle swarm optimization technique. The s-parameter data of power plane geometry and capacitors are used for the accurate analysis including bulk capacitors and VRM, for a real world problem. The optimal capacitors and their locations on the board are found using the presented methodology, which can be used for similar power delivery networks in high speed systems.
18 citations
Cites background or methods from "Maintaining Power Integrity by damp..."
...74 ©2013 IEEE Electromagnetic Compatibility Magazine – Volume 2 – Quarter 4 and firefly algorithm (FA) [9][10]....
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...The capacitor odels used in the earlier work are rlc models [6]-[10]....
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...The capacitor models used in the earlier work are rlc models [6]-[10]....
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...The capacitor models used in the earlier work are rlc models [6][10]....
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...Recent study shows that not only the value of capacitor, but the position of capacitor on the board is also important [6]-[10]....
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01 May 2021
TL;DR: In this paper, a practical case study is presented, where, in order to design an efficient PDN, the cumulative impedance of the PDN is optimized below the target impedance.
Abstract: This paper discusses a discrete optimization problem of optimal design of Power Delivery Networks (PDN) in VLSI systems. In this paper, a practical case study is presented, where, in order to design an efficient PDN, the cumulative impedance of the PDN is optimized below the target impedance. For this purpose, the decoupling capacitors (from commercially available capacitors) are chosen in such a way that the minimum number of the capacitors are used, and also their optimal locations are identified. The different variants of inertia weight strategies incorporated into particle swarm optimization algorithms are used for this purpose. A comparative analysis of the performance of these algorithms is also presented.
8 citations
01 Oct 2013
TL;DR: In this paper, a novel uniplanar electromagnetic band-gap structure to maintain power integrity by suppressing simultaneous switching noise (SSN) is presented, which can be used on board, package or at die level.
Abstract: A novel uniplanar electromagnetic band-gap structure to maintain power integrity by suppressing simultaneous switching noise (SSN) is presented. The EBG structure with stopband from 750 MHz to 5.10 GHz is designed, fabricated and validated using network analyzer. Simulation results are verified by measurements and compared with the earlier published structures. Suppression of resonant cavity modes of power plane by EBG structure is also shown. The adoption of EBG structure in power deliver network is recommended to reduce the high frequency noise coupling between neighboring devices. These structures further help in better EMI/EMC compliance of the product by attenuating the propagation of high frequency noise between devices. The EBG structure usage can be on board, package or at die level.
6 citations
04 Mar 2013
TL;DR: Power Integrity problem for a high speed power plane is discussed in context of selection and placement of decoupling capacitors.
Abstract: Power Integrity problem for a high speed power plane is discussed in context of selection and placement of decoupling capacitors. The s-parameters data of power plane geometry and capacitors are used for the accurate analysis including bulk capacitors and VRM, for a real world problem. The optimal capacitors and their optimum locations on the board are found using particle swarm optimization. A novel and accurate methodology is presented which can be used for any high speed Power delivery Network.
6 citations
Cites background or methods from "Maintaining Power Integrity by damp..."
...Thus, for accurate PI analysis, the s-parameters data must be used....
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...There are various papers available in literature which use stochastic methods such as Genetic Algorithm (GA), Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO), Cuckoo Search etc., to find the optimum positions and values of decoupling capacitors [6][7][8]....
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...Though they will not significantly affect the PDN in the range where the decoupling network is dominant, but all these components will affect the amplitude at the upper and lower limits of the frequency range of analysis taken....
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01 Jan 2013
TL;DR: This chapter is an overview of the applications of particle swarm optimization for circuits and systems and is targeted for the Analog/RF circuit and systems designers.
Abstract: This chapter is an overview of the applications of particle swarm optimization for circuits and systems. The chapter is targeted for the Analog/RF circuits and systems designers. Design automation, modeling, optimization and testing of analog/RF circuits using particle swarm optimization is presented. Various applications of particle swarm optimization for circuits and systems are explained by examples.
5 citations
References
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06 Aug 2002
TL;DR: A concept for the optimization of nonlinear functions using particle swarm methodology is introduced, and the evolution of several paradigms is outlined, and an implementation of one of the paradigm is discussed.
Abstract: A concept for the optimization of nonlinear functions using particle swarm methodology is introduced. The evolution of several paradigms is outlined, and an implementation of one of the paradigms is discussed. Benchmark testing of the paradigm is described, and applications, including nonlinear function optimization and neural network training, are proposed. The relationships between particle swarm optimization and both artificial life and genetic algorithms are described.
35,104 citations
"Maintaining Power Integrity by damp..." refers background in this paper
...According to Kennedy (2006), new position of a particle is decided by its current position, persistence and social-influence [12][13]....
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13 Apr 1997
TL;DR: The paper introduces the algorithm, begins to develop a social science context for it, and explores some aspects of its functioning.
Abstract: Particle swarm adaptation is an optimization paradigm that simulates the ability of human societies to process knowledge The algorithm models the exploration of a problem space by a population of individuals; individuals' successes influence their searches and those of their peers The algorithm is relevant to cognition, in particular the representation of schematic knowledge in neural networks Particle swarm optimization successfully optimizes network weights, simulating the adaptive sharing of representations among social collaborators The paper introduces the algorithm, begins to develop a social science context for it, and explores some aspects of its functioning
1,630 citations
"Maintaining Power Integrity by damp..." refers background in this paper
...According to Kennedy (2006), new position of a particle is decided by its current position, persistence and social-influence [12][13]....
[...]
01 Dec 2005
TL;DR: A hierarchical version of the particle swarm optimization (PSO) metaheuristic, in which the shape of the hierarchy is dynamically adapted during the execution of the algorithm, is introduced.
Abstract: A hierarchical version of the particle swarm optimization (PSO) metaheuristic is introduced in this paper. In the new method called H-PSO, the particles are arranged in a dynamic hierarchy that is used to define a neighborhood structure. Depending on the quality of their so-far best-found solution, the particles move up or down the hierarchy. This gives good particles that move up in the hierarchy a larger influence on the swarm. We introduce a variant of H-PSO, in which the shape of the hierarchy is dynamically adapted during the execution of the algorithm. Another variant is to assign different behavior to the individual particles with respect to their level in the hierarchy. H-PSO and its variants are tested on a commonly used set of optimization functions and are compared to PSO using different standard neighborhood schemes.
363 citations
"Maintaining Power Integrity by damp..." refers methods in this paper
...The problem was defined as continuous PSO problem where the ranges of values of capacitor parameter were taken from the options available in the market [14]....
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TL;DR: In this article, the authors describe a strategy to characterize power and groundplane structures using a full cavity-mode frequency-domain resonator model, and introduce a novel technique to suppress modal impedances, minimizing both transfer and input impedances.
Abstract: In this paper, we describe a strategy to characterize power and ground-plane structures using a full cavity-mode frequency-domain resonator model. We develop insights into modal analysis and introduce a novel technique to suppress modal impedances, minimizing both transfer and input impedances. The influence of port locations on the Z matrix is evaluated.
305 citations
"Maintaining Power Integrity by damp..." refers methods in this paper
...These can be considered as rectangular cavities for easier computations, compared to the full wave numerical modeling techniques [6]-[9]....
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Book•
19 Nov 2007
TL;DR: This book's system-level focus and practical examples will make it indispensable for every student and professional concerned with power integrity, including electrical engineers, system designers, signal integrity engineers, and materials scientists.
Abstract: The First Comprehensive, Example-Rich Guide to Power Integrity ModelingProfessionals such as signal integrity engineers, package designers, and system architects need to thoroughly understand signal and power integrity issues in order to successfully design packages and boards for high speed systems Now, for the first time, there's a complete guide to power integrity modeling: everything you need to know, from the basics through the state of the artUsing realistic case studies and downloadable software examples, two leading experts demonstrate today's best techniques for designing and modeling interconnects to efficiently distribute power and minimize noiseThe authors carefully introduce the core concepts of power distribution design, systematically present and compare leading techniques for modeling noise, and link these techniques to specific applications Their many examples range from the simplest (using analytical equations to compute power supply noise) through complex system-level applicationsThe authors Introduce power delivery network components, analysis, high-frequency measurement, and modeling requirements Thoroughly explain modeling of power/ground planes, including plane behavior, lumped modeling, distributed circuit-based approaches, and much more Offer in-depth coverage of simultaneous switching noise, including modeling for return currents using time- and frequency-domain analysis Introduce several leading time-domain simulation methods, such as macromodeling, and discuss their advantages and disadvantages Present the application of the modeling methods on several advanced case studies that include high-speed servers, high-speed differential signaling, chip package analysis, materials characterization, embedded decoupling capacitors, and electromagnetic bandgap structures This book's system-level focus and practical examples will make it indispensable for every student and professional concerned with power integrity, including electrical engineers, system designers, signal integrity engineers, and materials scientists It will also be valuable to developers building software that helps to analyze high-speed systems
271 citations
"Maintaining Power Integrity by damp..." refers background in this paper
...These opposite behaviors form the resonance and antiresonance patterns depending upon the physical and electrical properties of the cavity [2]....
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