Managing a smart bicycle system when demand outstrips supply: The case of the university community in Seville
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors analyzed the bicycle hire experience in the university community and found that the people who were most satisfied with the system are those who use it for leisure and recreation activities, non-residents of the city, more environmentally aware people and those who have no alternative mode of transportation.
Abstract: Of the many public initiatives used to promote the use of bicycles in the urban environment, the one that has achieved the most spectacular results in a short period of time is the public bicycle hire system. The experience of Seville is one of the most successful internationally, where 6.6 % of mechanised trips were being made by bicycle within 30 months. This paper analyses this experience in the university community, which represents one-third of system users. We conclude that the people who are most satisfied with the system are those who use it for leisure and recreation activities, non-residents of the city, more environmentally aware people and those who have no alternative mode of transportation. Their satisfaction is also closely linked to their appreciation of the bicycles’ level of comfort, the ease with which users can hire bicycles and return them and the small amount of paperwork involved required to sign up for the system. However, user appreciation has fallen over time because the system’s rapid success has caused it to become overloaded. This experience therefore provides one main lesson: the system’s success can result in eventual difficulties.
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TL;DR: Estimates the number of daily trips from publicly available data for 75 BSS case studies across the world and provides trips per bike per day scores as a comparison of performance and success reveal that a third of case studies have fewer than the psychologically important one trip per bicycle per day.
Abstract: Many municipalities assert bicycle sharing systems (BSS) as having many benefits, justifying their adoption, yet few explicitly state the purpose of their system making comparison or determination of success impossible. In addition, the apprehension of many BSS operators to share data further hinders comparison. This paper estimates the number of daily trips from publicly available data for 75 BSS case studies across the world and provides trips per bike per day scores as a comparison of performance and success. Results reveal that a third of case studies have fewer than the psychologically important one trip per bicycle per day. To ascertain what factors are associated with this metric we estimate models with independent variables related to system attributes, station density, weather, geography and transportation infrastructure. Our analysis provides strong evidence undermining the ‘network effect’ promoted by influential BSS policy makers that expanding system size increases performance. Finally our results describe and discuss causal variables associated with higher BSS performance.
145 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, the development of a fully segregated network of cycle paths in the period 2006-2011 is analyzed, with particular emphasis on its consequences for mobility in Seville, showing that this effort, in such a short period of time, has been a valuable tool for the promotion of bicycle mobility in a city without a tradition for cycling.
90 citations
TL;DR: A spatial Agent-based model to simulate the use of bike-sharing services and other transport modes in Taipei city, considering their interactions through the modeling of the modal split based on the heterogeneous mode choice behaviors of travelers can be a powerful tool to help policy-makers improve the sustainability of a multi-modal transportation system with bike- sharing.
89 citations
TL;DR: The results of the model show that proximity to stops on the Santiago Metro and the existence of bikeways are the main factors influencing destination and route choices and reveal considerable potential for the integration of bicycle sharing systems with Metro transit.
Abstract: This paper studies the supply variables that influence the destination and route choices of users of a bicycle sharing system in the Chilean city of Santiago. A combined trip demand logit model is developed whose explanatory variables represent attributes relating to the topology of the possible routes and other characteristics such as the presence of bikeways, bus service and controlled intersections. The data for the explanatory variables and system users were collected through field surveys of the routes and interviews conducted at the system stations. The results of the model show that proximity to stops on the Santiago Metro and the existence of bikeways are the main factors influencing destination and route choices. Also indicated by the model estimates are gender differences, a preference for tree-lined routes and an avoidance of routes with bus services. Finally, the outcomes reveal considerable potential for the integration of bicycle sharing systems with Metro transit.
69 citations
Journal Article•
TL;DR: It is concluded that cultural tradition deserves a more explicit role in travel surveys and the analysis of travel behaviour than it usually receives and shed light on various components of the cyclists' generalised costs that are not usually considered.
Abstract: Bicycle use varies strongly between countries, and even between municipalities within the same country substantial variations may exist. This paper analyses to what extent municipality policies matter in explaining these variations. It appears that most of the inter-municipality variation in bicycle use is related to physical aspects such as altitude differences and city size, and features of the population (share of youngsters). Differences in ethnic composition also appear to matter. Important policy-related variables are: the number of stops cyclists have to make on their routes; hindrances in road use; and safety of cyclists. In addition the relative position of bicycles with respect to cars (speed, parking costs) also appears to matter. These results shed light on various components of the cyclists' generalised costs, such as those related to accidents and physical efforts, that are not usually considered. We also conclude that cultural tradition, possibly related to ethnicity deserves a more explicit role in travel surveys and the analysis of travel behaviour than it usually receives.
57 citations
References
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09 May 2005
TL;DR: This chapter discusses models for making pseudo-random draw, which combines asymptotic theory, Bayesian methods, and ML and NLS estimation with real-time data structures.
Abstract: This book provides the most comprehensive treatment to date of microeconometrics, the analysis of individual-level data on the economic behavior of individuals or firms using regression methods for cross section and panel data. The book is oriented to the practitioner. A basic understanding of the linear regression model with matrix algebra is assumed. The text can be used for a microeconometrics course, typically a second-year economics PhD course; for data-oriented applied microeconometrics field courses; and as a reference work for graduate students and applied researchers who wish to fill in gaps in their toolkit. Distinguishing features of the book include emphasis on nonlinear models and robust inference, simulation-based estimation, and problems of complex survey data. The book makes frequent use of numerical examples based on generated data to illustrate the key models and methods. More substantially, it systematically integrates into the text empirical illustrations based on seven large and exceptionally rich data sets.
8,189 citations
Book•
01 Jan 1953
TL;DR: A survey of sampling principles can be found in this paper, where the authors present sample designs for some common sampling problems such as bias and non-sampling errors in survey results.
Abstract: An Elementary Survey of Sampling Principles. Biases and Nonsampling Errors in Survey Results. Sample Designs for Some Common Sampling Problems. Simple Random Sampling. Stratified Random Sampling. Simple One-- or Two--Stage Cluster Sampling. Stratified Single or Multi--Stage Cluster Sampling. Control of Variation in Size of Cluster in Estimating Totals, Averages, or Ratios. Multi--Stage Sampling with Large Primary Sampling Units. Estimating Variances. Regression Estimates, Double Sampling, Sampling for Time Series, Systematic Sampling, and Other Sampling Methods. Case Studies--Designs and Results of Some Actual Sample Surveys. Appendix. Index.
1,785 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors show how the Netherlands, Denmark, and Germany have made bicycling a safe, convenient, and practical way to get around their cities, relying on national aggregate data as well as case studies of large and small cities in each country.
1,413 citations
TL;DR: Most of the evidence examined in this review supports the crucial role of public policy in encouraging bicycling, including infrastructure provision and pro-bicycle programs, supportive land use planning, and restrictions on car use.
1,266 citations
TL;DR: In this article, the authors present the results of a qualitative study of public transport users and car users in order to obtain a deeper understanding of travellers' attitudes towards transport and to explore perceptions of public transportation service quality.
997 citations