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Journal ArticleDOI

Manifest Fears and Worries of Ghetto vs Middle-Class Suburban Children:

01 Aug 1970-Psychological Reports (SAGE Publications)-Vol. 27, Iss: 1, pp 285-286
TL;DR: The manifest fears and worries of 101 ghetto fifth and sixth graders were compared with those of 150 of their suburban counterparts, and the major difference was the greater number of specific animal fears reported by the ghetto Ss.
Abstract: The manifest fears and worries of 101 ghetto fifth and sixth graders were compared with those of 150 of their suburban counterparts. The major difference was the greater number of specific animal fears (including many “rats” and “roaches”) reported by the ghetto Ss. Suggestions for developing relevant curriculum materials were made.
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Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: For example, the authors reviewed over a century's research into the developmental patterns of normal fear and found that fear decreases in prevalence and intensity with age and specific fears are transitory in nature.

438 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: This study was designed to better understand the impact of children’s chronic exposure to community violence on their emotional, behavioral, substance use, and academic functioning with an overarching goal to identify malleable risk and protective factors which can be targeted in preventive and intervention programs.
Abstract: Community violence is recognized as a major public health problem (WHO, World Report on Violence and Health,2002) that Americans increasingly understand has adverse implications beyond inner-cities. However, the majority of research on chronic community violence exposure focuses on ethnic minority, impoverished, and/or crime-ridden communities while treatment and prevention focuses on the perpetrators of the violence, not on the youth who are its direct or indirect victims. School-based treatment and preventive interventions are needed for children at elevated risk for exposure to community violence. In preparation, a longitudinal, community epidemiological study, The Multiple Opportunities to Reach Excellence (MORE) Project, is being fielded to address some of the methodological weaknesses presented in previous studies. This study was designed to better understand the impact of children’s chronic exposure to community violence on their emotional, behavioral, substance use, and academic functioning with an overarching goal to identify malleable risk and protective factors which can be targeted in preventive and intervention programs. This paper describes the MORE Project, its conceptual underpinnings, goals, and methodology, as well as implications for treatment and preventive interventions and future research.

212 citations


Cites background from "Manifest Fears and Worries of Ghett..."

  • ...Compared to Caucasian children, African American children report more fears; those fears appear to be more reality-based (Nalven 1970) and relatively more stable....

    [...]

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: The available research on anxiety disorders in African Americans is critically reviewed, the need for research in the area is highlighted, and ways to facilitate such research are discussed.
Abstract: Anxiety disorders are the most common psychiatric disorders in the general population of the United States. Recent findings indicate that the prevalence of certain anxiety disorders may be higher in African Americans. In addition, anxiety disorders in African Americans may be manifested differently. Despite the high prevalence and the suggestion of different patterns of manifestation, a paucity of research exists on anxiety disorders in this population. This may be due in part to the pattern of help-seeking behavior among African Americans, a negative perception of research by members of this community, the small number of African American researchers, and perhaps to some extent a general disinterest on the part of researchers. The available research on anxiety disorders in African Americans is critically reviewed, the need for research in the area is highlighted, and ways to facilitate such research are discussed.

203 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: This article found that fear of snakes, insects, non-indigenous animals, and plants were most frequently cited by students on field trips to wildland areas, and that anxiety reactions from students suggest that interpretive programs for some students may be corrective instead of formative.
Abstract: Interpreters at urban nature centers were asked to recall and list fears expressed by students on field trips to wildland areas. Forty-eight interpreters recalled 564 examples of fearful reactions. Responses were interpreted based on the literature on fear. Fears of snakes, insects, nonindigenous animals, and plants were most frequently cited. Enlightening was the high frequency of “fear of getting lost” and the emotion of disgust expressed in relation to natural objects. Results suggest the need to address not only students' fears but also their feelings of disgust. Anxiety reactions from students suggest that interpretive programs for some students may be corrective instead of formative.

191 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: This paper examined the relationship between aspects of the parenting environment and children's conduct problems and anxious symptoms among socioeconomically comparable samples of African American and European American mothers and their kindergarten children.
Abstract: This study examined the relationship between aspects of the parenting environment and children's conduct problems and anxious symptoms among socioeconomically comparable samples of African American and European American mothers and their kindergarten children. Ethnic differences in parenting may lead to differences in the relationship between parenting and child outcomes. Thus, the moderating role of ethnicity for the relationships between parenting and children's mental health was tested. African American and European American parents were similar in their parenting practices. European American children reported a higher number of anxious symptoms, however. Parenting and family interaction patterns were associated with children's anxious symptoms and conduct problems. Although many relationships were similar across ethnic groups, there were ethnic differences in the relationships between maternal parenting efficacy and anxiety and between hostile control and conduct problems. These similarities and differences are discussed in light of theory and familial, cultural, and environmental niches.

186 citations

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