scispace - formally typeset
Search or ask a question
Journal ArticleDOI

Manual matching of perceived surface orientation is affected by arm posture: evidence of calibration between proprioception and visual experience in near space

01 Jan 2012-Experimental Brain Research (Springer-Verlag)-Vol. 216, Iss: 2, pp 299-309
TL;DR: Two claims are supported: (1) manual orientation matching to visual surfaces is based on manual proprioception and (2) calibration between visual and proprioceptive experiences guarantees relatively accurate manual matching for surfaces within reach, despite systematic visual biases in perceived surface orientation.
Abstract: Proprioception of hand orientation (orientation production using the hand) is compared with manual matching of visual orientation (visual surface matching using the hand) in two experiments. In experiment 1, using self-selected arm postures, the proportions of wrist and elbow flexion spontaneously used to orient the pitch of the hand (20 and 80%, respectively) are relatively similar across both manual matching tasks and manual orientation production tasks for most participants. Proprioceptive error closely matched perceptual biases previously reported for visual orientation perception, suggesting calibration of proprioception to visual biases. A minority of participants, who attempted to use primarily wrist flexion while holding the forearm horizontal, performed poorly at the manual matching task, consistent with proprioceptive error caused by biomechanical constraints of their self-selected posture. In experiment 2, postural choices were constrained to primarily wrist or elbow flexion without imposing biomechanical constraints (using a raised forearm). Identical relative offsets were found between the two constraint groups in manual matching and manual orientation production. The results support two claims: (1) manual orientation matching to visual surfaces is based on manual proprioception and (2) calibration between visual and proprioceptive experiences guarantees relatively accurate manual matching for surfaces within reach, despite systematic visual biases in perceived surface orientation.

Content maybe subject to copyright    Report

Citations
More filters
Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: It is found that adaptation-induced perceptual changes did not transfer between exploration modes, and a potential combination of information from different exploration modes can only occur at down-stream cortical processing stages, at which adaptation is no longer effective.
Abstract: Human touch is an inherently active sense: to estimate an object’s shape humans often move their hand across its surface. This way the object is sampled both in a serial (sampling different parts of the object across time) and parallel fashion (sampling using different parts of the hand simultaneously). Both the serial (moving a single finger) and parallel (static contact with the entire hand) exploration modes provide reliable and similar global shape information, suggesting the possibility that this information is shared early in the sensory cortex. In contrast, we here show the opposite. Using an adaptation-and-transfer paradigm, a change in haptic perception was induced by slant-adaptation using either the serial or parallel exploration mode. A unified shape-based coding would predict that this would equally affect perception using other exploration modes. However, we found that adaptation-induced perceptual changes did not transfer between exploration modes. Instead, serial and parallel exploration components adapted simultaneously, but to different kinaesthetic aspects of exploration behaviour rather than object-shape per se. These results indicate that a potential combination of information from different exploration modes can only occur at down-stream cortical processing stages, at which adaptation is no longer effective.

4 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: The observed effects of age, which tended to produce lower, more accurate estimates of hill slant, provide more evidence that older adults do not see hills as steeper, and the impact of cognitive, rather than perceptual factors on individual differences in slant estimation is indicated.
Abstract: Several individual differences including age have been suggested to affect the perception of slant. A cross-sectional study of outdoor hill estimation (N = 106) was analyzed using individual differ...

4 citations


Cites background from "Manual matching of perceived surfac..."

  • ...…for an additional logarithmic effect (see also Bridgeman & Hoover, 2008) of viewing distance on slant perception measures both for explicit slant estimation (e.g., the classic hill data of Proffitt et al., 1995) and implicit (shape-based) measures of perceived slant (Li & Durgin, 2010, 2012)....

    [...]

  • ...More striking to us than these possible individual differences is the success of recent quantitative models of hill perception, such as the angular scale expansion model proposed for hill perception (Li & Durgin, 2010, 2012)....

    [...]

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: It seems that the perception of optical slant and of gaze declination are independent, and this may be because the two variables are normally used jointly to determine a higher order perceptual variable—geographical slant.
Abstract: When one looks at a spot on level ground, the local optical slant (i.e., surface orientation relative to the line of sight) is geometrically equivalent to the angular declination (i.e., sagittal visual direction relative to horizontal). In theory, angular declination provides an unbiased proximal source of information for estimating optical slant on level ground. Two experiments were conducted to investigate whether human visual systems take advantage of this information. An aspect ratio task was used as an implicit measure for assessing perceived optical slant. Participants gave verbal estimates of the perceived aspect ratio of an L-shaped arrangement, formed by three balls on level ground or on slanted surfaces (hills). Gaze direction was held horizontal when viewing the stimuli on hills. Experiment 1 examined two optical slants (22° to 35°) at relatively short viewing distances (3.1 to 11.5 m), while Experiment 2 tested a shallow optical slant (6°) at relatively long viewing distances (5.7 to 17.2 m). No significant difference in perceived aspect ratio was found between the level-ground and the hill conditions in either experiment. These findings suggest that angular declination does not contribute to perceived optical slant on level ground. It seems that the perception of optical slant and of gaze declination are independent, and this may be because the two variables are normally used jointly to determine a higher order perceptual variable—geographical slant.

1 citations


Cites background from "Manual matching of perceived surfac..."

  • ...A uthor M anuscript A uthor M anuscript A uthor M anuscript A uthor M anuscript (e.g., Proffitt et al., 1995), free-hand gesturing (e.g., Li and Durgin, 2011), and aspect ratio estimation (e.g., Li and Durgin, 2010)....

    [...]

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: Verbal, haptic, and pedal measures of visually perceived surface orientation all result in similar estimates of slant and do so across different slanted surfaces, suggesting that verbal and haptic proprioceptive estimates tap into a representational system of visually perceivable surface orientation that is relevant for walking up various surface orientations.

1 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: The results revealed that rather than a mixture of the patterns of unimodal conditions, the pattern in cross-modal conditions depended almost entirely on the response modality and was not substantially affected by the target modality.
Abstract: Humans constantly combine multi-sensory spatial information to successfully interact with objects in peripersonal space Previous studies suggest that sensory inputs of different modalities are encoded in different reference frames In cross-modal tasks where the target and response modalities are different, it is unclear which reference frame these multiple sensory signals are transformed to for comparison The current study used a slant perception and parallelity paradigm to explore this issue Participants perceived (either visually or haptically) the slant of a reference board and were asked to either adjust an invisible test board by hand manipulation or to adjust a visible test board through verbal instructions to be physically parallel to the reference board We examined the patterns of constant error and variability of unimodal and cross-modal tasks with various reference slant angles at different reference/test locations The results revealed that rather than a mixture of the patterns of unimodal conditions, the pattern in cross-modal conditions depended almost entirely on the response modality and was not substantially affected by the target modality Deviations in haptic response conditions could be predicted by the locations of the reference and test board, whereas the reference slant angle was an important predictor in visual response conditions

1 citations

References
More filters
Book
01 Jan 1979
TL;DR: The relationship between Stimulation and Stimulus Information for visual perception is discussed in detail in this article, where the authors also present experimental evidence for direct perception of motion in the world and movement of the self.
Abstract: Contents: Preface. Introduction. Part I: The Environment To Be Perceived.The Animal And The Environment. Medium, Substances, Surfaces. The Meaningful Environment. Part II: The Information For Visual Perception.The Relationship Between Stimulation And Stimulus Information. The Ambient Optic Array. Events And The Information For Perceiving Events. The Optical Information For Self-Perception. The Theory Of Affordances. Part III: Visual Perception.Experimental Evidence For Direct Perception: Persisting Layout. Experiments On The Perception Of Motion In The World And Movement Of The Self. The Discovery Of The Occluding Edge And Its Implications For Perception. Looking With The Head And Eyes. Locomotion And Manipulation. The Theory Of Information Pickup And Its Consequences. Part IV: Depiction.Pictures And Visual Awareness. Motion Pictures And Visual Awareness. Conclusion. Appendixes: The Principal Terms Used in Ecological Optics. The Concept of Invariants in Ecological Optics.

21,493 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: It is proposed that the ventral stream of projections from the striate cortex to the inferotemporal cortex plays the major role in the perceptual identification of objects, while the dorsal stream projecting from the stripping to the posterior parietal region mediates the required sensorimotor transformations for visually guided actions directed at such objects.

5,878 citations


"Manual matching of perceived surfac..." refers background in this paper

  • ...One possibility is that action is separated from conscious perception so that it is immune to visual distortion (Goodale and Milner 1992; Haffenden and Goodale 1998; Milner and Goodale 1995)....

    [...]

  • ...One possibility is that action is separated from conscious perception, so that it is immune to visual distortion (Goodale and Milner 1992; HaVenden and Goodale 1998; Milner and Goodale 1995)....

    [...]

Book ChapterDOI
10 Sep 1989

5,275 citations


"Manual matching of perceived surfac..." refers background in this paper

  • ...Light interacting with these surfaces provides optical information (e.g., the ambient optical array; Gibson 1979) to the visual system, which helps observers to perceive the threedimensional structure of the environment....

    [...]

  • ...Light interacting with these surfaces provides optical information (e.g. the ambient optical array; Gibson 1979) to the visual system, which helps observers to perceive the three dimensional structure of the environment....

    [...]

Book
01 Jan 1995
TL;DR: This chapter discusses vision from a biological point of view, attention, consciousness, and the coordination of behaviour in primate visual cortex, and discusses dissociations between perception and action in normal subjects.
Abstract: Prologue 1. Introduction: vision from a biological point of view 2. Visual processing in the primate visual cortex 3. 'Cortical blindness' 4. Disorders of spatial perception and the visual control of action 5. Disorders of visual recognition 6. Dissociations between perception and action in normal subjects 7. Attention, consciousness, and the coordination of behaviour 8. Epilogue: twelve years on

4,115 citations


"Manual matching of perceived surfac..." refers background in this paper

  • ...One possibility is that action is separated from conscious perception so that it is immune to visual distortion (Goodale and Milner 1992; Haffenden and Goodale 1998; Milner and Goodale 1995)....

    [...]

  • ...One possibility is that action is separated from conscious perception, so that it is immune to visual distortion (Goodale and Milner 1992; HaVenden and Goodale 1998; Milner and Goodale 1995)....

    [...]

Book
01 Jan 1986
TL;DR: This handbook covers theory and methods; basic visual processes; auditory, kinesthetic, cutaneous, and vestibular senses; and space and motion perception; and human performance.
Abstract: Written by well-known specialists, here is a comprehensive handbook on human perception and performance. Volume one covers theory and methods; basic visual processes; auditory, kinesthetic, cutaneous, and vestibular senses; and space and motion perception. Volume two treats information processing, perceptual organization and cognition, and human performance. Organized to facilitate reference usefulness, these volumes provide substantial cross-referencing and extensive use of illustrations. In addition, a substantial amount of tutorial material is provided, with several hundred pages devoted to the elucidation of the conceptual and methodological underpinnings of the more substantive chapters. Figure legends are extremely detailed to enhance their reference usefulness without having to search accompanying text for relevant coverage.

3,166 citations