Marine chemical ecology: chemical signals and cues structure marine populations, communities, and ecosystems.

doi:10.1146/ANNUREV.MARINE.010908.163708

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Marine chemical ecology: chemical signals and cues structure marine populations, communities, and ecosystems.

Journal Article•DOI•

Marine chemical ecology: chemical signals and cues structure marine populations, communities, and ecosystems.

Mark E. Hay¹•Institutions (1)

Georgia Institute of Technology¹

25 Mar 2009-Annual Review of Marine Science (Annual Reviews)-Vol. 1, Iss: 1, pp 193-212

TL;DR: How chemical cues regulate critical aspects of the behavior of marine organisms from bacteria to phytoplankton to benthic invertebrates and water column fishes is reviewed.

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Abstract: Chemical cues constitute much of the language of life in the sea. Our understanding of biotic interactions and their effects on marine ecosystems will advance more rapidly if this language is studied and understood. Here, I review how chemical cues regulate critical aspects of the behavior of marine organisms from bacteria to phytoplankton to benthic invertebrates and water column fishes. These chemically mediated interactions strongly affect population structure, community organization, and ecosystem function. Chemical cues determine foraging strategies, feeding choices, commensal associations, selection of mates and habitats, competitive interactions, and transfer of energy and nutrients within and among ecosystems. In numerous cases, the indirect effects of chemical signals on behavior have as much or more effect on community structure and function as the direct effects of consumers and pathogens. Chemical cues are critical for understanding marine systems, but their omnipresence and impact are inadequ...

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Journal Article•DOI•

Harnessing Synthetic Ecology for commercial algae production.

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Sam A. Reynolds¹, Matthew P. Davey¹, David C. Aldridge¹•Institutions (1)

University of Cambridge¹

05 Jul 2019-Scientific Reports

TL;DR: The zebra mussels’ putative preference for Synechocystis over Chlorella suggests they could be used to maintain the dominance of Chloreella in outdoor cultivation systems prone to contamination by invasive cyanobacteria.

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Abstract: Synthetic Ecology is a novel concept describing the design of de novo ecological communities for a designated purpose. This study is a proof of concept for harnessing Synthetic Ecology in expanding the scale of commercially relevant micro algae (Chlorella vulgaris) cultivation using stable Synthetic Ecologies in open environments as opposed to vulnerable monocultures. We focused on whether the grazing activity of zebra mussels (Dreissena polymorpha) would result in a consistent, and commercially favourable, dominance of Chlorella in cultures that were also inoculated with a competing and potentially invasive cyanobacteria (Synechocystis sp. PCC6803). The key result of this study was that in axenic mixed species co-cultures, zebra mussels had a significantly greater negative effect on Synechocystis cell numbers than Chlorella (P < 0.0001). The zebra mussels’ putative preference for Synechocystis over Chlorella suggests they could be used to maintain the dominance of Chlorella in outdoor cultivation systems prone to contamination by invasive cyanobacteria.

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2 citations

Journal Article•DOI•

Identification and Characterization of the Larval Settlement Pheromone Protein Components in Adult Shells of Crassostrea gigas: A Novel Function of Shell Matrix Proteins

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Mary Grace C. Sedanza, Asami Yoshida, Heewon Kim, Kenichi Yamaguchi, Kiyoshi Osatomi, Cyril Glenn Satuito - Show less +2 more

29 Aug 2022-International Journal of Molecular Sciences

TL;DR: A novel role of a macromolecular assembly of shell matrix proteins which act as Crassostrea gigas Settlement Pheromone Protein Components in adult shells is demonstrated as the biological cue responsible for gregarious settlement on conspecifics.

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Abstract: The global decline of natural oyster populations emphasizes the need to improve our understanding of their biology. Understanding the role of chemical cues from conspecifics on how oysters occupy appropriate substrata is crucial to learning about their evolution, population dynamics, and chemical communication. Here, a novel role of a macromolecular assembly of shell matrix proteins which act as Crassostrea gigas Settlement Pheromone Protein Components in adult shells is demonstrated as the biological cue responsible for gregarious settlement on conspecifics. A bioassay-guided fractionation approach aided by biochemical and molecular analyses reveals that Gigasin-6 isoform X1 and/or X2 isolated from adult shells is the major inducing cue for larval settlement and may also play a role in postlarva–larva settlement interactions. Other isolated Stains-all-stainable acidic proteins may function as a co-factor and a scaffold/structural framework for other matrix proteins to anchor within this assembly and provide protection. Notably, conspecific cue-mediated larval settlement induction in C. gigas presents a complex system that requires an interplay of different glycans, disulfide bonds, amino acid groups, and phosphorylation crosstalk for recognition. These results may find application in the development of oyster aquacultures which could help recover declining marine species and as targets of anti-fouling agents.

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2 citations

Journal Article•DOI•

Olfactory discrimination between chemical cues from coastal vegetation in two palaemonid shrimps, Palaemon vulgaris Say, 1818 and P. affinis H. Milne Edwards, 1837 (Decapoda: Caridea: Palaemonidae)

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Rohan M. Brooker¹, Rohan M. Brooker²•Institutions (2)

University of Delaware¹, Deakin University²

21 May 2019-Journal of Crustacean Biology

2 citations

Journal Article•DOI•

Impact of Marine Chemical Ecology Research on the Discovery and Development of New Pharmaceuticals

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Lik Tong Tan

01 Mar 2023-Marine Drugs

TL;DR: In this paper , a review highlights the targeted translational value of several marine chemical ecology-driven research studies and their impact on the sustainable discovery of novel therapeutic agents and the impact of climate change on the chemical ecology of marine organisms, especially on the production, functionality and perception of allelochemicals.

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Abstract: Diverse ecologically important metabolites, such as allelochemicals, infochemicals and volatile organic chemicals, are involved in marine organismal interactions. Chemically mediated interactions between intra- and interspecific organisms can have a significant impact on community organization, population structure and ecosystem functioning. Advances in analytical techniques, microscopy and genomics are providing insights on the chemistry and functional roles of the metabolites involved in such interactions. This review highlights the targeted translational value of several marine chemical ecology-driven research studies and their impact on the sustainable discovery of novel therapeutic agents. These chemical ecology-based approaches include activated defense, allelochemicals arising from organismal interactions, spatio-temporal variations of allelochemicals and phylogeny-based approaches. In addition, innovative analytical techniques used in the mapping of surface metabolites as well as in metabolite translocation within marine holobionts are summarized. Chemical information related to the maintenance of the marine symbioses and biosyntheses of specialized compounds can be harnessed for biomedical applications, particularly in microbial fermentation and compound production. Furthermore, the impact of climate change on the chemical ecology of marine organisms—especially on the production, functionality and perception of allelochemicals—and its implications on drug discovery efforts will be presented.

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2 citations

Assessing Allelopathic Effec ts of Alexandrium Fundyense on Th alassiosira SP.

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Emily R. Lyczkowski

01 Jan 2012

2 citations

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References

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Journal Article•

Chemical ecology of the settlement of benthic marine invertebrates

[...]

Joseph R. Pawlik

01 Jan 1992-Oceanography and Marine Biology

839 citations

"Marine chemical ecology: chemical s..." refers background in this paper

...…to chemical cues from specific hosts, or corals that settle in response to chemical traits of specific crustose coralline algae, or of soft-substrate animals that recruit to or avoid sands treated with specific chemical cues or extracts (e.g., Pawlik 1992, Krug & Manzi 1999, Hadfield & Paul 2001)....
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...In aquatic systems, chemical cues determine feeding, habitat, and mating choices (e.g., Hay & Fenical 1988, 1996; Pawlik 1992; Breithaupt & Thiel 2008)....
[...]
...…stimulating feeding once prey have been contacted; compounds responsible for attraction from a distance have rarely been investigated for adult specialist consumers [compounds that cue larval settlement have been investigated; see Pawlik (1992), Krug & Manzi (1999), and Hadfield & Paul (2001)]....
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Journal Article•DOI•

Centuries of Human-Driven Change in Salt Marsh Ecosystems

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K. Bromberg Gedan¹, Brian R. Silliman¹, Mark D. Bertness²•Institutions (2)

Brown University¹, University of Florida²

25 Mar 2009-Annual Review of Marine Science

TL;DR: It is concluded that the best way to protect salt marshes and the services they provide is through the integrated approach of ecosystem-based management.

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Abstract: Salt marshes are among the most abundant, fertile, and accessible coastal habitats on earth, and they provide more ecosystem services to coastal populations than any other environment. Since the Middle Ages, humans have manipulated salt marshes at a grand scale, altering species composition, distribution, and ecosystem function. Here, we review historic and contemporary human activities in marsh ecosystems—exploitation of plant products; conversion to farmland, salt works, and urban land; introduction of non-native species; alteration of coastal hydrology; and metal and nutrient pollution. Unexpectedly, diverse types of impacts can have a similar consequence, turning salt marsh food webs upside down, dramatically increasing top down control. Of the various impacts, invasive species, runaway consumer effects, and sea level rise represent the greatest threats to salt marsh ecosystems. We conclude that the best way to protect salt marshes and the services they provide is through the integrated approach of ecosystem-based management.

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770 citations

Journal Article•DOI•

Marine Plant-Herbivore Interactions: The Ecology of Chemical Defense

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Mark E. Hay, William Fenical

01 Jan 1988-Annual Review of Ecology, Evolution, and Systematics

TL;DR: Although numerous seaweed characteristics can deter some herbivores, the effects of morphology and chemistry have been studied most thoroughly and these types of seaweeds may be considered herbivore tolerant.

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Abstract: Herbivory has a profound effect on seaweeds in both temperate and tropical communities (11, 17, 21, 33, 43, 47, 80, 124). This is especially true on coral reefs where 60-97% (11, 42) of the total seaweed production may be removed by herbivores. To persist in marine communities, seaweeds must escape, deter, or tolerate herbivory. The ecological and evolutionary importance of spatial and temporal escapes has been extensively studied for seaweeds and adequately reviewed in the recent literature (33, 45, 47, 71, 80). The ability of seaweeds to tolerate herbivory has received limited attention. On coral reefs, rapidly growing filamentous algae are heavily grazed, but the algae quickly replace these losses and appear to be dependent upon herbivores to prevent their habitat from being overgrown by larger but less herbivoretolerant species (11, 71). Additionally, several seaweeds have spores or vegetative portions that can withstand gut passage; in some cases this significantly increases the growth rates of the newly settled spores (6, 122). These types of seaweeds may be considered herbivore tolerant. Although numerous seaweed characteristics can deter some herbivores, the effects of morphology and chemistry have been studied most thoroughly. The

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722 citations

"Marine chemical ecology: chemical s..." refers background in this paper

...In aquatic systems, chemical cues determine feeding, habitat, and mating choices (e.g., Hay & Fenical 1988, 1996; Pawlik 1992; Breithaupt & Thiel 2008)....
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...…on the plants they consume and that are especially susceptible to predation suggest that feeding preferences are commonly driven by the need to colonize hosts that provide escapes from consumers rather than by the direct food value of those hosts (see also Hay & Fenical 1988, 1996; Hay 1992, 1996)....
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...In the past 20 years, the review of selected aspects of marine chemical ecology has become a growth industry (e.g., Hay & Fenical 1988, 1996; Paul 1992; Hay 1996; McClintock & Baker 2001; Paul et al. 2007; Pohnert et al. 2007; Amsler 2008), with numerous reviews focusing on specific groups…...
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Journal Article•DOI•

Evidence that halogenated furanones from Delisea pulchra inhibit acylated homoserine lactone (AHL)-mediated gene expression by displacing the AHL signal from its receptor protein.

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Mike Manefield¹, Rocky de Nys¹, Kumar Naresh¹, Read Roger¹, Michael Givskov², Steinberg Peter¹, Staffan Kjelleberg¹ - Show less +3 more•Institutions (2)

University of New South Wales¹, Technical University of Denmark²

01 Feb 1999-Microbiology

TL;DR: The contention that furanones, at the concentrations produced by the alga, can control bacterial colonization of surfaces by specifically interfering with AHL-mediated gene expression at the level of the LuxR protein is supported.

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Abstract: Summary: Acylated homoserine lactone (AHL)-mediated gene expression controls phenotypes involved in colonization, often specifically of higher organisms, in both marine and terrestrial environments. The marine red alga Delisea pulchra produces halogenated furanones which resemble AHLs structurally and show inhibitory activity at ecologically realistic concentrations in AHL bioassays. Evidence is presented that halogenated furanones displace tritiated OHHL [N-3- (oxohexanoy1)-L-homoserine lactone] from Escherichia coli cells overproducing LuxR with potencies corresponding to their respective inhibitory activities in an AHL-regulated bioluminescence assay, indicating that this is the mechanism by which furanones inhibit AHL-dependent phenotypes. Alternative mechanisms for this phenomenon are also addressed. General metabolic disruption was assessed with two-dimensional PAGE, revealing limited non- AHL-related effects. A direct chemical interaction between the algal compounds and AHLs, as monitored by 1H NMR spectroscopy, was shown not to occur in vitro. These results support the contention that furanones, at the concentrations produced by the alga, can control bacterial colonization of surfaces by specifically interfering with AHL-mediated gene expression at the level of the LuxR protein.

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612 citations

"Marine chemical ecology: chemical s..." refers background in this paper

...This inhibition occurs because halogenated furanones interfere with the bacteria’s signal-based regulatory systems that control surface motility, exoenzyme production, and biofilm formation/stability (Manefield et al. 1999, 2002; Rasmussen et al. 2000; McDougald et al. 2001)....
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Journal Article•DOI•

Marine chemical ecology: what's known and what's next?

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Mark E. Hay¹•Institutions (1)

University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill¹

15 Nov 1996-Journal of Experimental Marine Biology and Ecology

TL;DR: This review concludes that relatively unstudied, ontogenetic shifts in concentrations and types of defenses occur in marine species, and patterns of larval chemical defenses appear to provide insights into the evolution of complex life cycles and of differing modes of development among marine invertebrates.

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607 citations

"Marine chemical ecology: chemical s..." refers background in this paper

...…on the plants they consume and that are especially susceptible to predation suggest that feeding preferences are commonly driven by the need to colonize hosts that provide escapes from consumers rather than by the direct food value of those hosts (see also Hay & Fenical 1988, 1996; Hay 1992, 1996)....
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...In other instances the larvae are chemically defended, but the adults are not and appear instead to rely more on physical/structural defenses (Lindquist & Hay 1996)....
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...…past 20 years, the review of selected aspects of marine chemical ecology has become a growth industry (e.g., Hay & Fenical 1988, 1996; Paul 1992; Hay 1996; McClintock & Baker 2001; Paul et al. 2007; Pohnert et al. 2007; Amsler 2008), with numerous reviews focusing on specific groups (seaweeds…...
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...Once larvae or embryos are released from brooding adults, they can be at considerable risk of predation in the plankton, but even more so as they recruit to the benthos where both fish and invertebrate predators are commonly concentrated (Lindquist & Hay 1996)....
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...…of resistance to host chemical defenses, selective consumption of those hosts, being cued to feed by the specific host chemicals that deter other consumers, and sequestration by the specialist of its host’s chemical defenses, thus becoming immune to many of its own enemies (Hay 1992, 1996)....
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