Journal ArticleDOI
Marine viruses — major players in the global ecosystem
Reads0
Chats0
TLDR
Viruses are by far the most abundant 'lifeforms' in the oceans and are the reservoir of most of the genetic diversity in the sea, thereby driving the evolution of both host and viral assemblages.Abstract:
If stretched end to end, the estimated 1030viruses in the oceans would span farther than the nearest 60 galaxies. This reservoir of genetic and biological diversity continues to yield exciting discoveries and, in this Review, Curtis A. Suttle highlights the areas that are likely to be of greatest interest in the next few years. Viruses are by far the most abundant 'lifeforms' in the oceans and are the reservoir of most of the genetic diversity in the sea. The estimated 1030 viruses in the ocean, if stretched end to end, would span farther than the nearest 60 galaxies. Every second, approximately 1023 viral infections occur in the ocean. These infections are a major source of mortality, and cause disease in a range of organisms, from shrimp to whales. As a result, viruses influence the composition of marine communities and are a major force behind biogeochemical cycles. Each infection has the potential to introduce new genetic information into an organism or progeny virus, thereby driving the evolution of both host and viral assemblages. Probing this vast reservoir of genetic and biological diversity continues to yield exciting discoveries.read more
Citations
More filters
Journal ArticleDOI
Embracing the unknown: disentangling the complexities of the soil microbiome.
TL;DR: Although most soil microorganisms remain undescribed, the field is now poised to identify how to manipulate and manage the soil microbiome to increase soil fertility, improve crop production and improve the understanding of how terrestrial ecosystems will respond to environmental change.
Journal ArticleDOI
Decoupling function and taxonomy in the global ocean microbiome
TL;DR: It is found that environmental conditions strongly influence the distribution of functional groups in marine microbial communities by shaping metabolic niches, but only weakly influence taxonomic composition within individual functional groups.
Journal ArticleDOI
Microbial production of recalcitrant dissolved organic matter: long-term carbon storage in the global ocean.
Nianzhi Jiao,Gerhard J. Herndl,Dennis A. Hansell,Ronald Benner,Gerhard Kattner,Steven W. Wilhelm,David L. Kirchman,Markus G. Weinbauer,Tingwei Luo,Feng Chen,Farooq Azam +10 more
TL;DR: The microbial carbon pump is proposed as a conceptual framework to address the important, multifaceted biogeochemical problem of fixed carbon in the upper ocean.
Journal ArticleDOI
Microbial community structure and its functional implications
TL;DR: Data on the structures of these communities show that they adhere to universal biological rules, helping to anticipate how microbial communities and their activities will shift in a changing world.
Journal ArticleDOI
Inverse Modelling, Sensitivity and Monte Carlo Analysis in R Using Package FME
Karline Soetaert,Thomas Petzoldt +1 more
TL;DR: The R package FME is applied to a model describing the dynamics of the HIV virus and provides a Markov-chain based method to estimate parameter confidence intervals.
References
More filters
Journal ArticleDOI
Environmental Genome Shotgun Sequencing of the Sargasso Sea
J. Craig Venter,Karin A. Remington,John F. Heidelberg,Aaron L. Halpern,Doug Rusch,Jonathan A. Eisen,Dongying Wu,Ian T. Paulsen,Karen E. Nelson,William C. Nelson,Derrick E. Fouts,Samuel Levy,Anthony H. Knap,Michael W. Lomas,Kenneth H. Nealson,Owen White,Jeremy Peterson,Jeff Hoffman,Rachel Parsons,Holly Baden-Tillson,Cynthia Pfannkoch,Yu-Hui Rogers,Hamilton O. Smith +22 more
TL;DR: Over 1.2 million previously unknown genes represented in these samples, including more than 782 new rhodopsin-like photoreceptors are identified, suggesting substantial oceanic microbial diversity.
Journal ArticleDOI
Marine viruses and their biogeochemical and ecological effects
TL;DR: Newly developed fluorescence and molecular techniques leave the field poised to make significant advances towards evaluating and quantifying viruses' effects on biogeochemical and ecological processes.
Journal ArticleDOI
The Sorcerer II Global Ocean Sampling Expedition: Northwest Atlantic through Eastern Tropical Pacific
Douglas B. Rusch,Aaron L. Halpern,Granger G. Sutton,Karla B. Heidelberg,Karla B. Heidelberg,Shannon J. Williamson,Shibu Yooseph,Dongying Wu,Dongying Wu,Jonathan A. Eisen,Jonathan A. Eisen,Jeff Hoffman,Karin A. Remington,Karen Beeson,Bao Duc Tran,Hamilton O. Smith,Holly Baden-Tillson,Clare Stewart,Joyce Thorpe,Jason Freeman,Cynthia Andrews-Pfannkoch,Joseph E. Venter,Kelvin Li,Saul A. Kravitz,John F. Heidelberg,John F. Heidelberg,T. Utterback,Yu-Hui Rogers,Luisa I. Falcón,Valeria Souza,Germán Bonilla-Rosso,Luis E. Eguiarte,David M. Karl,Shubha Sathyendranath,Trevor Platt,Eldredge Bermingham,Victor A. Gallardo,Giselle Tamayo-Castillo,Michael Ferrari,Robert L. Strausberg,Kenneth H. Nealson,Kenneth H. Nealson,Robert Friedman,Marvin Frazier,J. Craig Venter +44 more
TL;DR: A metagenomic study of the marine planktonic microbiota in which surface (mostly marine) water samples were analyzed as part of the Sorcerer II Global Ocean Sampling expedition, which yielded an extensive dataset consisting of 7.7 million sequencing reads.
Journal ArticleDOI
Virioplankton: viruses in aquatic ecosystems
KE Wommack,Rita R. Colwell +1 more
TL;DR: Novel applications of molecular genetic techniques have provided good evidence that viral infection can significantly influence the composition and diversity of aquatic microbial communities, supporting the hypothesis that viruses play a significant role in microbial food webs.