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Journal ArticleDOI

Masculinities, Violence, and Culture

01 Sep 2001-Psychiatric Services (American Psychiatric Publishing)-Vol. 52, Iss: 9
TL;DR: The Routledge Companion to Masculinity in American Literature and Culture as discussed by the authors explores the relationship between men's violence against women and women in contemporary Spanish culture, focusing on men's roles, gender relations, and sport.
Abstract: Masculinity, War and ViolenceMurder and MasculinityThe Routledge Companion to Masculinity in American Literature and CultureThe Dynamics of Masculinity in Contemporary Spanish CultureRape on Prime TimeTransforming MasculinitiesDoing Justice, Doing GenderCrime, Criminal Justice and MasculinitiesTurn This World Inside OutCultures of MasculinityMen, Masculinities and ViolenceMasculinities, Violence and CultureThe Tough StandardCleansing Honor with BloodTransfigurationsCaptain America, Masculinity, and ViolenceMasculinities and CultureMasculinities and ViolenceMen, Masculinities and Intimate Partner ViolenceNine LivesViolent MasculinitiesMasculinities, Gender Relations, and SportEducation and MasculinitiesViolence and NonviolenceGender, Crime and VictimisationYouth Gangs and Street ChildrenMale Roles, Masculinities and ViolenceDismantling Rape CultureTropical CowboysMental Health, Men and CultureCultures of MasculinityWhat Causes Men's Violence Against Women?Violent ManhoodMasculinities and CultureComrades in ArmsMen in PrisonMen and MasculinitiesMisreading MasculinityThe Media and the Models of MasculinityMasculinities in Contemporary American Culture
Citations
More filters
Journal ArticleDOI
Jessie Klein1
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors show how normalized masculinity and its effects are operative but invisible in public discussions of targeted violence against girls, including school shootings, dating violence and sexual violence.
Abstract: This article shows how ‘normalized masculinity’ and its effects are operative but invisible in public discussions of targeted violence against girls. In school shootings, dating violence and sexual...

78 citations


Cites background from "Masculinities, Violence, and Cultur..."

  • ...Gatens in Hatty (2000) writes aptly, ‘The spectacular cruelty of such crimes only serves to mask the underlying banality of a largely unchallenged structural cruelty in many of our social relations’ (2000: 208)....

    [...]

  • ...Academic literature addresses domestic and other forms of violence against adult women in some depth (e.g. Brownmiller, 1975; Russell, 1975; Sunday and Toback, 1985; MacKinnon, 1987; Sweetman, 1998; Hatty, 2000; Scully, 2001; Chancer, 2004)....

    [...]

  • ...In one study, two-thirds of the homicides were planned, and many were preceded by intentionally abusive behaviors such as stalking (Hatty, 2000: 70)....

    [...]

  • ...Statistical evidence also shows that juveniles in the United States commit more crimes today than in the past (US Department of Justice, 1994; Hatty, 2000); criminologists consider gender to be the strongest predictor of criminal involvement (Messerschmidt, 2000)....

    [...]

Book
01 Jan 2003
TL;DR: A. David Napier argues that the central assumption of immunology -that we survive through the recognition and elimination of non-self - has become a defining concept of the modern age.
Abstract: In this fascinating and inventive work, A. David Napier argues that the central assumption of immunology - that we survive through the recognition and elimination of non-self - has become a defining concept of the modern age. Tracing this immunological understanding of self and other through an incredibly diverse array of venues, from medical research to legal and military stategies and the electronic revolution, Napier shows how this defensive way of looking at the world not only destroys diversity but also eliminates the possibility of truly engaging difference, thereby impoverishing our culture and foreclosing tremendous opportunities for personal growth. To illustrate these destructive consequences, Napier likens the current craze for embracing diversity and the use of politically correct speech to a cultural potluck to which we each bring different dishes, but at which no one can eat unless they abide by the same rules. Similarly, loaning money to developing nations serves as a tool both to make the peoples in those nations more like us and to maintain them in the non-threatening status of distant dependants. To break free of the resulting downward spiral of homogenization and self-focus, Napier suggests that we instead adopt a new defining concept based on embryology, in which development and self-growth take place through a process of incorporation and transformation. In this effort he suggests that we have much to learn from non-Western peoples, such as the Balinese, whose ritual practices require them to take on the considerable risk of injecting into their selves the potential dangers of otherness - and in so doing ultimately strengthen themselves as well as their society. "The Age of Immunology", with its combination of philosophy, history and cultural inquiry, should be seen as a manifesto for a new age and a new way of thinking about the world and our place in it.

50 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: A systematically conducted critical literature review aimed at establishing the current body of knowledge on male victims of domestic abuse was undertaken, and implications for health visiting practice considered, show that men reported being victims of female-perpetrated physical, emotional, psychological and sexual abuse.
Abstract: Domestic abuse is a significant public health issue globally. Although it is recognised that both sexes may be victims of domestic abuse, the phenomenon is commonly understood from the perspective of male to female violence, supported by a substantial body of research and policy focusing on female victims of domestic abuse. However, evidence shows that significant numbers of men are victims of female-perpetrated violence, but as the issue is under-explored, the extent and effects of abuse are poorly understood. For health visitors working within communities in the United Kingdom, knowledge of all aspects of domestic abuse is vital in the delivery of evidence-based practice. A systematically conducted critical literature review aimed at establishing the current body of knowledge on male victims of domestic abuse was undertaken, and implications for health visiting practice considered. Nineteen primary research studies were included in the review. A thematic analysis identified four themes: ‘violent relationship’, ‘harms and behaviours’, ‘risk’ and ‘seeking help’. Results show that men reported being victims of female-perpetrated physical, emotional, psychological and sexual abuse, with some experiencing severe aggression, control and fear. Health visitors have an important role to play in influencing policy and in practice addressing the health and social care needs of male victims of domestic abuse and their families.

34 citations


Cites background from "Masculinities, Violence, and Cultur..."

  • ...Many societies have been traditionally shaped by a patriarchal belief system under which hegemonic masculinity embracing hierarchy, aggression and heterosexuality is valued (Dutton, 2006; Hatty, 2000)....

    [...]

  • ...Hatty (2000) asserts that in modern industrialised nations men are generally considered capable of causing more harm to others than are women....

    [...]

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this article, a review of the Australian literature on gender, alcohol, and violence is presented, focusing on large quantitative studies as these tend to receive most attention and citation in policy debate.
Abstract: The issue of ‘alcohol-fuelled violence’ has been the subject of intense policy debate in Australia. While this debate is warranted, its contours and content have been informed and shaped by a surprisingly narrow range of research resources. Narrow research engagements of this kind warrant scrutiny because they can exclude from consideration crucial issues. In this article we identify one such issue, that of gender. Following a review of the Australian literature on gender, alcohol and violence, our analysis explores four case studies drawn from the Australian research corpus, focusing on large quantitative studies as these tend to receive most attention and citation in policy debate. Such studies consistently erase the contribution of key gender dynamics, namely enactments of particular (often youthful) masculinities, to violence involving alcohol, even where they simultaneously provide strong support in their data for such a conclusion. We show how this research is mobilised specifically in suppo...

28 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors argue that the structure of boot camp prisons is problematic in terms of the way in which it is used to instill and reinforce hypermasculine behaviors that have been found to be highly correlated with criminal behavior.
Abstract: A number of studies have tested the effectiveness of boot camp prisons in reducing recidivism and results indicate that they have not been as successful as originally anticipated. While no two programs are comparable in terms of programming and treatment, most programs utilize a hypermasculine paramilitary prison structure to deter, punish, and rehabilitate. We argue that this structure is problematic in terms of the way in which it is used to instill and reinforce hypermasculine behaviors that have been found to be highly correlated with criminal behavior. After introducing the prison as a gendered organization and discussing the relationship of masculinity and crime, we review studies of boot camp prisons and relate these findings to specific masculine attributes of the boot camp to show how the organizational design may be ineffective in producing desired correctional outcomes.

19 citations

References
More filters
Journal ArticleDOI
Jessie Klein1
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors show how normalized masculinity and its effects are operative but invisible in public discussions of targeted violence against girls, including school shootings, dating violence and sexual violence.
Abstract: This article shows how ‘normalized masculinity’ and its effects are operative but invisible in public discussions of targeted violence against girls. In school shootings, dating violence and sexual...

78 citations

Book
01 Jan 2003
TL;DR: A. David Napier argues that the central assumption of immunology -that we survive through the recognition and elimination of non-self - has become a defining concept of the modern age.
Abstract: In this fascinating and inventive work, A. David Napier argues that the central assumption of immunology - that we survive through the recognition and elimination of non-self - has become a defining concept of the modern age. Tracing this immunological understanding of self and other through an incredibly diverse array of venues, from medical research to legal and military stategies and the electronic revolution, Napier shows how this defensive way of looking at the world not only destroys diversity but also eliminates the possibility of truly engaging difference, thereby impoverishing our culture and foreclosing tremendous opportunities for personal growth. To illustrate these destructive consequences, Napier likens the current craze for embracing diversity and the use of politically correct speech to a cultural potluck to which we each bring different dishes, but at which no one can eat unless they abide by the same rules. Similarly, loaning money to developing nations serves as a tool both to make the peoples in those nations more like us and to maintain them in the non-threatening status of distant dependants. To break free of the resulting downward spiral of homogenization and self-focus, Napier suggests that we instead adopt a new defining concept based on embryology, in which development and self-growth take place through a process of incorporation and transformation. In this effort he suggests that we have much to learn from non-Western peoples, such as the Balinese, whose ritual practices require them to take on the considerable risk of injecting into their selves the potential dangers of otherness - and in so doing ultimately strengthen themselves as well as their society. "The Age of Immunology", with its combination of philosophy, history and cultural inquiry, should be seen as a manifesto for a new age and a new way of thinking about the world and our place in it.

50 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: A systematically conducted critical literature review aimed at establishing the current body of knowledge on male victims of domestic abuse was undertaken, and implications for health visiting practice considered, show that men reported being victims of female-perpetrated physical, emotional, psychological and sexual abuse.
Abstract: Domestic abuse is a significant public health issue globally. Although it is recognised that both sexes may be victims of domestic abuse, the phenomenon is commonly understood from the perspective of male to female violence, supported by a substantial body of research and policy focusing on female victims of domestic abuse. However, evidence shows that significant numbers of men are victims of female-perpetrated violence, but as the issue is under-explored, the extent and effects of abuse are poorly understood. For health visitors working within communities in the United Kingdom, knowledge of all aspects of domestic abuse is vital in the delivery of evidence-based practice. A systematically conducted critical literature review aimed at establishing the current body of knowledge on male victims of domestic abuse was undertaken, and implications for health visiting practice considered. Nineteen primary research studies were included in the review. A thematic analysis identified four themes: ‘violent relationship’, ‘harms and behaviours’, ‘risk’ and ‘seeking help’. Results show that men reported being victims of female-perpetrated physical, emotional, psychological and sexual abuse, with some experiencing severe aggression, control and fear. Health visitors have an important role to play in influencing policy and in practice addressing the health and social care needs of male victims of domestic abuse and their families.

34 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this article, a review of the Australian literature on gender, alcohol, and violence is presented, focusing on large quantitative studies as these tend to receive most attention and citation in policy debate.
Abstract: The issue of ‘alcohol-fuelled violence’ has been the subject of intense policy debate in Australia. While this debate is warranted, its contours and content have been informed and shaped by a surprisingly narrow range of research resources. Narrow research engagements of this kind warrant scrutiny because they can exclude from consideration crucial issues. In this article we identify one such issue, that of gender. Following a review of the Australian literature on gender, alcohol and violence, our analysis explores four case studies drawn from the Australian research corpus, focusing on large quantitative studies as these tend to receive most attention and citation in policy debate. Such studies consistently erase the contribution of key gender dynamics, namely enactments of particular (often youthful) masculinities, to violence involving alcohol, even where they simultaneously provide strong support in their data for such a conclusion. We show how this research is mobilised specifically in suppo...

28 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors argue that the structure of boot camp prisons is problematic in terms of the way in which it is used to instill and reinforce hypermasculine behaviors that have been found to be highly correlated with criminal behavior.
Abstract: A number of studies have tested the effectiveness of boot camp prisons in reducing recidivism and results indicate that they have not been as successful as originally anticipated. While no two programs are comparable in terms of programming and treatment, most programs utilize a hypermasculine paramilitary prison structure to deter, punish, and rehabilitate. We argue that this structure is problematic in terms of the way in which it is used to instill and reinforce hypermasculine behaviors that have been found to be highly correlated with criminal behavior. After introducing the prison as a gendered organization and discussing the relationship of masculinity and crime, we review studies of boot camp prisons and relate these findings to specific masculine attributes of the boot camp to show how the organizational design may be ineffective in producing desired correctional outcomes.

19 citations