MATPOWER: Steady-State Operations, Planning, and Analysis Tools for Power Systems Research and Education
TL;DR: The details of the network modeling and problem formulations used by MATPOWER, including its extensible OPF architecture, are presented, which are used internally to implement several extensions to the standard OPF problem, including piece-wise linear cost functions, dispatchable loads, generator capability curves, and branch angle difference limits.
Abstract: MATPOWER is an open-source Matlab-based power system simulation package that provides a high-level set of power flow, optimal power flow (OPF), and other tools targeted toward researchers, educators, and students. The OPF architecture is designed to be extensible, making it easy to add user-defined variables, costs, and constraints to the standard OPF problem. This paper presents the details of the network modeling and problem formulations used by MATPOWER, including its extensible OPF architecture. This structure is used internally to implement several extensions to the standard OPF problem, including piece-wise linear cost functions, dispatchable loads, generator capability curves, and branch angle difference limits. Simulation results are presented for a number of test cases comparing the performance of several available OPF solvers and demonstrating MATPOWER's ability to solve large-scale AC and DC OPF problems.
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01 Aug 2013
TL;DR: The known DC optimal power flow method for AC grids for use in combined AC and HVDC grids is extended and the calculation performance is significantly increased.
Abstract: Many simulations in power systems analysis contain an AC grid which is solved using linearized power flow methods. This paper extends the known DC optimal power flow method for AC grids for use in combined AC and HVDC grids. Future studies would now incorporate in their simulations combined AC and HVDC grids. This paper describes the additions made to the algorithm and the influence of the soft penalties. The algorithm is tested in the IEEE 14 bus test case with a 5 node DC overlay grid. The accuracy compared to the full power flow model is in a reasonable range. The calculation performance is significantly increased.
41 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors proposed a novel control algorithm for improving steady-state (quasi-static) voltage stability by use of an embedded voltage source converter (VSC) based high voltage direct current (HVDC) system.
Abstract: In this paper, we propose a novel control algorithm for improving steady-state (quasi-static) voltage stability by use of an embedded voltage source converter (VSC) based high voltage direct current (HVDC) system. In this paper, the terms “steady-state” and “quasi-static” are used interchangeably. By embedded HVDC, we refer to a meshed AC system with all HVDC terminals connected within the same AC grid. The sensitivity between VSC control input and the voltage stability margin is introduced. Based on this sensitivity, the proposed control algorithm jointly satisfies system-wide voltage stability margin as well as local voltage magnitude requirements. The proposed approach is to first migrate the entire system to have sufficient voltage stability margin, and then to correct any voltage magnitude violation while keeping that stability margin. A contour-based visualization of the VSC capability space for maintaining system voltage stability is introduced, which can effectively illustrate how the singular value sensitivity (SVS) based control achieves both the local and global voltage stability requirements. The efficacy of the proposed algorithm is shown via case studies on a 6-bus and 118-bus system with and without static VAR compensation.
41 citations
TL;DR: In this article, distributed linear algorithms for the online computation of voltage collapse sensitivity indices are presented, collectively performed by processors embedded at each bus in the smart grid, using synchronized phasor measurements and communication of voltage phasors between neighboring buses.
Abstract: The assessment of voltage stability margins is a promising direction for wide-area monitoring systems. Accurate monitoring architectures for long-term voltage instability are typically centralized and lack scalability, while completely decentralized approaches relying on local measurements tend toward inaccuracy. Here we present distributed linear algorithms for the online computation of voltage collapse sensitivity indices. The computations are collectively performed by processors embedded at each bus in the smart grid, using synchronized phasor measurements and communication of voltage phasors between neighboring buses. Our algorithms provably converge to the proper index values as would be calculated using centralized information, but do not require any central decision maker for coordination. Modifications of the algorithms to account for generator reactive power limits are discussed. We illustrate the effectiveness of our designs with a case study of the New England 39 bus system.
41 citations
TL;DR: The results proved that the meta-heuristic method is much more CPU time efficient in providing the maximum annual year production as compared to the traditional deterministic approach.
41 citations
Cites methods from "MATPOWER: Steady-State Operations, ..."
...Power Losses The power flow for the entire wind farm internal network is solved by Matpower [17] which is a package of Matlab M-files for solving power flow problems....
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...The power flow for the entire wind farm internal network is solved by Matpower [17] which is a package of Matlab M-files for solving power flow problems....
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TL;DR: In this article, a hybridization of two metaheuristic-based algorithms, namely, Grey Wolf Optimizer (GWO) and PSO, is proposed to solve the network reconfiguration problem by optimally installing different DG types (conventional and renewable-based).
Abstract: Transformations are taking place within the distribution systems to cope with the congestions and reliability concerns. This paper presents a new technique to efficiently minimize power losses within the distribution system by optimally sizing and placing distributed generators (DGs) while considering network reconfiguration. The proposed technique is a hybridization of two metaheuristic-based algorithms: Grey Wolf Optimizer (GWO) and Particle Swarm Optimizer (PSO), which solve the network reconfiguration problem by optimally installing different DG types (conventional and renewable-based). Case studies carried out showed the proposed hybrid technique outperformed each algorithm operating individually regarding both voltage profile and reduction in system losses. Case studies are carried to measure and compare the performance of the proposed technique on three different works: IEEE 33-bus, IEEE 69-bus radial distribution system, and an actual 78-bus distribution system located at Cairo, Egypt. The integration of renewable energy with the distribution network, such as photovoltaic (PV) arrays, is recommended since Cairo enjoys an excellent actual record of irradiance according to the PV map of Egypt.
41 citations
References
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Book•
01 Jan 1984
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors present a graduate-level text in electric power engineering as regards to planning, operating, and controlling large scale power generation and transmission systems, including characteristics of power generation units, transmission losses, generation with limited energy supply, control of generation, and power system security.
Abstract: Topics considered include characteristics of power generation units, transmission losses, generation with limited energy supply, control of generation, and power system security. This book is a graduate-level text in electric power engineering as regards to planning, operating, and controlling large scale power generation and transmission systems. Material used was generated in the post-1966 period. Many (if not most) of the chapter problems require a digital computer. A background in steady-state power circuit analysis is required.
6,344 citations
TL;DR: This paper describes a simple, very reliable and extremely fast load-flow solution method that is attractive for accurate or approximate off-and on-line routine and contingency calculations for networks of any size, and can be implemented efficiently on computers with restrictive core-store capacities.
Abstract: This paper describes a simple, very reliable and extremely fast load-flow solution method with a wide range of practical application. It is attractive for accurate or approximate off-and on-line routine and contingency calculations for networks of any size, and can be implemented efficiently on computers with restrictive core-store capacities. The method is a development on other recent work employing the MW-?/ MVAR-V decoupling principle, and its precise algorithmic form has been determined by extensive numerical studies. The paper gives details of the method's performance on a series of practical problems of up to 1080 buses. A solution to within 0.01 MW/MVAR maximum bus mismatches is normally obtained in 4 to 7 iterations, each iteration being equal in speed to 1? Gauss-Seidel iterations or 1/5th of a Newton iteration. Correlations of general interest between the power-mismatch convergence criterion and actual solution accuracy are obtained.
1,447 citations
TL;DR: The ac power flow problem can be solved efficiently by Newton's method because only five iterations, each equivalent to about seven of the widely used Gauss-Seidel method are required for an exact solution.
Abstract: The ac power flow problem can be solved efficiently by Newton's method. Only five iterations, each equivalent to about seven of the widely used Gauss-Seidel method, are required for an exact solution. Problem dependent memory and time requirements vary approximately in direct proportion to problem size. Problems of 500 to 1000 nodes can be solved on computers with 32K core memory. The method, introduced in 1961, has been made practical by optimally ordered Gaussian elimination and special programming techniques. Equations, programming details, and examples of solutions of large problems are given.
1,112 citations
"MATPOWER: Steady-State Operations, ..." refers methods in this paper
...The default solver is based on a standard Newton’s method [7] using a polar form and a full Jacobian updated at each iteration....
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TL;DR: Basic features, algorithms, and a variety of case studies are presented in this paper to illustrate the capabilities of the presented tool and its suitability for educational and research purposes.
Abstract: This paper describes the Power System Analysis Toolbox (PSAT), an open source Matlab and GNU/Octave-based software package for analysis and design of small to medium size electric power systems. PSAT includes power flow, continuation power flow, optimal power flow, small-signal stability analysis, and time-domain simulation, as well as several static and dynamic models, including nonconventional loads, synchronous and asynchronous machines, regulators, and FACTS. PSAT is also provided with a complete set of user-friendly graphical interfaces and a Simulink-based editor of one-line network diagrams. Basic features, algorithms, and a variety of case studies are presented in this paper to illustrate the capabilities of the presented tool and its suitability for educational and research purposes.
890 citations
"MATPOWER: Steady-State Operations, ..." refers background or methods in this paper
...This at least partially explains the lack of a graphical user interface used by some related tools such as PSAT [5]....
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...A nice summary of their features is presented in [5]....
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