MATPOWER: Steady-State Operations, Planning, and Analysis Tools for Power Systems Research and Education
TL;DR: The details of the network modeling and problem formulations used by MATPOWER, including its extensible OPF architecture, are presented, which are used internally to implement several extensions to the standard OPF problem, including piece-wise linear cost functions, dispatchable loads, generator capability curves, and branch angle difference limits.
Abstract: MATPOWER is an open-source Matlab-based power system simulation package that provides a high-level set of power flow, optimal power flow (OPF), and other tools targeted toward researchers, educators, and students. The OPF architecture is designed to be extensible, making it easy to add user-defined variables, costs, and constraints to the standard OPF problem. This paper presents the details of the network modeling and problem formulations used by MATPOWER, including its extensible OPF architecture. This structure is used internally to implement several extensions to the standard OPF problem, including piece-wise linear cost functions, dispatchable loads, generator capability curves, and branch angle difference limits. Simulation results are presented for a number of test cases comparing the performance of several available OPF solvers and demonstrating MATPOWER's ability to solve large-scale AC and DC OPF problems.
Citations
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TL;DR: The proposed IGDT-based voltage stability constrained wind energy-planning model is proposed that can be used for ensuring the safe operation of power networks and could help wind farm investors to make optimal large-scale wind energy investment decisions.
28 citations
TL;DR: In this article, a decision tree (DT)-based on-line preventive control strategy is proposed for transient instability prevention of power systems and has been verified on New England 10-machine 39-bus test system.
Abstract: Maintaining transient stability is a basic requirement for secure power system operations. Preventive control deals with modifying the system operating point to withstand probable contingencies. In this article, a decision tree DT-based on-line preventive control strategy is proposed for transient instability prevention of power systems. Given a stability database, a distance-based feature estimation algorithm is first applied to identify the critical generators, which are then used as features to develop a DT. By interpreting the splitting rules of DT, preventive control is realised by formulating the rules in a standard optimal power flow model and solving it. The proposed method is transparent in control mechanism, on-line computation compatible and convenient to deal with multi-contingency. The effectiveness and efficiency of the method has been verified on New England 10-machine 39-bus test system.
28 citations
Cites methods from "MATPOWER: Steady-State Operations, ..."
...In the simulation, power flow and OPF are solved using MATPOWER 4.0 package (Zimmerman, Murillo-Sánchez, and Thomas 2011) TSA is carried out by time-domain simulation using PSS/E software under distributed computation architecture (Meng, Dong, Wong, Xu, and Luo 2010), and DT is developed using…...
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Posted Content•
TL;DR: Two intuitive linear relaxations of the power flow equations are developed, one based on classic network flow models (NF) and another inspired by copper plate approximations (CP), which provide a rich variety of tradeoffs between relaxation strength and performance.
Abstract: Nonlinear convex relaxations of the power flow equations and, in particular, the Semi-Definite Programming (SDP), Convex Quadratic (QC), and Second-Order Cone (SOC) relaxations, have attracted significant interest in recent years. Thus far, little attention has been given to simpler linear relaxations of the power flow equations, which may bring significant performance gains at the cost of model accuracy. To fill the gap, this paper develops two intuitive linear relaxations of the power flow equations, one based on classic network flow models (NF) and another inspired by copper plate approximations (CP). Theoretical results show that the proposed NF model is a relaxation of the established nonlinear SOC model and the CP model is a relaxation of the NF model. Consequently, considering the linear NF and CP relaxations alongside the established nonlinear relaxations (SDP, QC, SOC) provides a rich variety of tradeoffs between the relaxation accuracy and performance.
28 citations
TL;DR: In this article, a robust security-constrained multi-period optimal power flow model is proposed to quantify the frequency, magnitude, and intensity of insufficient flexibility in the intra-hour flexibility region.
Abstract: Rapid growth of renewable energy sources (RES) in the generation capacity mix poses substantial challenges on the operation of power systems in various time scales. Particularly in the intra-hour time scale, the interplay among variability and uncertainty of RES, unexpected transmission/generation outages, and short dispatch lead time cause difficulties in generation-load balancing. This paper proposes a method to quantify the intra-hour flexibility region. A robust security-constrained multiperiod optimal power flow model is first constructed to quantify the frequency, magnitude, and intensity of insufficient flexibility. The randomness of RES is captured by uncertainty sets in this model. The N-k contingency, spinning reserve, and corrective control limit constraints are included. This model is then cast into a two-stage robust optimization model and solved by the column-and-constraint generation method. The emergency measures with a least number of affected buses are derived and subsequently assessed by the postoptimization sensitivity analysis. Finally, the operational flexibility region is determined by continuous perturbation on the RES penetration level and the forecast error. The IEEE 14-bus system and a realistic Chinese 157-bus system are used to demonstrate the proposed method.
28 citations
Cites methods from "MATPOWER: Steady-State Operations, ..."
...1) Computational Settings: The IEEE 14-bus system data are taken from [48] and normalized by 100 MVA....
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TL;DR: An optimal energy flow model is proposed for integrated power–gas generation and transmission systems and only a logarithmic number of binary variables are introduced to represent the nonlinear quadratic function, and thus, the MILP model can be solved very efficiently.
Abstract: This paper first presents a comprehensive model of the gas system with detailed formulations on pipelines, short pipes, resistors, valves, compressors, and compressor stations. Furthermore, an optimal energy flow model is proposed for integrated power–gas generation and transmission systems. Specifically, on the generation side, gas-fired units couple the two energy systems as the power generation and gas sink; on the transmission side, gas compressor stations link the two energy systems as the power demand and gas transportation. However, gas flow equations are nonlinear and gas flow directions also need to be optimized. Logical programming and tailored piecewise linearization techniques are performed, leading to a mixed-integer linear program (MILP). Only a logarithmic number of binary variables are introduced to represent the nonlinear quadratic function, and thus, the MILP model can be solved very efficiently. Numerical results on four power–gas test systems demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed approach.
28 citations
Cites background from "MATPOWER: Steady-State Operations, ..."
...Parameters of power and gas systems can be referred to from MATPOWER [43], [44], and GASLIB [45]....
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...[43] R. D. Zimmerman, C. E. Murillo-Sánchez, and R. J. Thomas, “MATPOWER: Steady-state operations, planning and analysis tools for power systems research and education,” IEEE Trans....
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References
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Book•
01 Jan 1984
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors present a graduate-level text in electric power engineering as regards to planning, operating, and controlling large scale power generation and transmission systems, including characteristics of power generation units, transmission losses, generation with limited energy supply, control of generation, and power system security.
Abstract: Topics considered include characteristics of power generation units, transmission losses, generation with limited energy supply, control of generation, and power system security. This book is a graduate-level text in electric power engineering as regards to planning, operating, and controlling large scale power generation and transmission systems. Material used was generated in the post-1966 period. Many (if not most) of the chapter problems require a digital computer. A background in steady-state power circuit analysis is required.
6,344 citations
TL;DR: This paper describes a simple, very reliable and extremely fast load-flow solution method that is attractive for accurate or approximate off-and on-line routine and contingency calculations for networks of any size, and can be implemented efficiently on computers with restrictive core-store capacities.
Abstract: This paper describes a simple, very reliable and extremely fast load-flow solution method with a wide range of practical application. It is attractive for accurate or approximate off-and on-line routine and contingency calculations for networks of any size, and can be implemented efficiently on computers with restrictive core-store capacities. The method is a development on other recent work employing the MW-?/ MVAR-V decoupling principle, and its precise algorithmic form has been determined by extensive numerical studies. The paper gives details of the method's performance on a series of practical problems of up to 1080 buses. A solution to within 0.01 MW/MVAR maximum bus mismatches is normally obtained in 4 to 7 iterations, each iteration being equal in speed to 1? Gauss-Seidel iterations or 1/5th of a Newton iteration. Correlations of general interest between the power-mismatch convergence criterion and actual solution accuracy are obtained.
1,447 citations
TL;DR: The ac power flow problem can be solved efficiently by Newton's method because only five iterations, each equivalent to about seven of the widely used Gauss-Seidel method are required for an exact solution.
Abstract: The ac power flow problem can be solved efficiently by Newton's method. Only five iterations, each equivalent to about seven of the widely used Gauss-Seidel method, are required for an exact solution. Problem dependent memory and time requirements vary approximately in direct proportion to problem size. Problems of 500 to 1000 nodes can be solved on computers with 32K core memory. The method, introduced in 1961, has been made practical by optimally ordered Gaussian elimination and special programming techniques. Equations, programming details, and examples of solutions of large problems are given.
1,112 citations
"MATPOWER: Steady-State Operations, ..." refers methods in this paper
...The default solver is based on a standard Newton’s method [7] using a polar form and a full Jacobian updated at each iteration....
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TL;DR: Basic features, algorithms, and a variety of case studies are presented in this paper to illustrate the capabilities of the presented tool and its suitability for educational and research purposes.
Abstract: This paper describes the Power System Analysis Toolbox (PSAT), an open source Matlab and GNU/Octave-based software package for analysis and design of small to medium size electric power systems. PSAT includes power flow, continuation power flow, optimal power flow, small-signal stability analysis, and time-domain simulation, as well as several static and dynamic models, including nonconventional loads, synchronous and asynchronous machines, regulators, and FACTS. PSAT is also provided with a complete set of user-friendly graphical interfaces and a Simulink-based editor of one-line network diagrams. Basic features, algorithms, and a variety of case studies are presented in this paper to illustrate the capabilities of the presented tool and its suitability for educational and research purposes.
890 citations
"MATPOWER: Steady-State Operations, ..." refers background or methods in this paper
...This at least partially explains the lack of a graphical user interface used by some related tools such as PSAT [5]....
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...A nice summary of their features is presented in [5]....
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