May the Force Be With You: The Light and Dark Sides of the Microbiota-Gut-Brain Axis in Neuropsychiatry
Reads0
Chats0
TLDR
Understanding how bacterial commensals are involved in regulating brain function may lead to novel strategies for development of microbiota-based therapies for neuropsychiatric disorders, such as autism, schizophrenia and depression.Abstract:
The role of the gut microbiota in health and disease is becoming increasingly recognized. The microbiota–gut–brain axis is a bi-directional pathway between the brain and the gastrointestinal system. The bacterial commensals in our gut can signal to the brain through a variety of mechanisms, which are slowly being resolved. These include the vagus nerve, immune mediators and microbial metabolites, which influence central processes such as neurotransmission and behaviour. Dysregulation in the composition of the gut microbiota has been identified in several neuropsychiatric disorders, such as autism, schizophrenia and depression. Moreover, preclinical studies suggest that they may be the driving force behind the behavioural abnormalities observed in these conditions. Understanding how bacterial commensals are involved in regulating brain function may lead to novel strategies for development of microbiota-based therapies for these neuropsychiatric disorders.read more
Citations
More filters
Journal ArticleDOI
The Microbiota-Gut-Brain Axis
John F. Cryan,Kenneth J. O’Riordan,Caitlin S. M. Cowan,Kiran V. Sandhu,Thomaz F.S. Bastiaanssen,Marcus Boehme,Martín Gabriel Codagnone,Sofia Cussotto,Christine Fülling,Anna V. Golubeva,Katherine E. Guzzetta,Minal Jaggar,Caitriona M. Long-Smith,Joshua M. Lyte,Jason A. Martin,Alicia Molinero-Perez,Gerard M. Moloney,Emanuela Morelli,Enrique Morillas,Rory C. O'Connor,Joana S Cruz-Pereira,Veronica L. Peterson,Kieran Rea,Nathaniel L. Ritz,Eoin Sherwin,Simon Spichak,Emily M. Teichman,Marcel van de Wouw,Ana Paula Ventura-Silva,Shauna E. Wallace-Fitzsimons,Niall P. Hyland,Gerard Clarke,Timothy G. Dinan +32 more
TL;DR: Future studies will focus on understanding the mechanisms underlying the microbiota-gut-brain axis and attempt to elucidate microbial-based intervention and therapeutic strategies for neuropsychiatric disorders.
Journal ArticleDOI
Stress & the gut-brain axis: Regulation by the microbiome
TL;DR: This report summarizes and builds upon some of the key concepts in the symposium “The Microbiome: Development, Stress, and Disease” within the context of how microbiota might influence the neurobiology of stress.
Journal ArticleDOI
Microbiota-Brain-Gut Axis and Neurodegenerative Diseases
TL;DR: In theory, a role for the microbiota-gut-brain axis is highly plausible; clinical confirmation is awaited and a theoretical basis can be developed for the use of microbiota-directed therapies in neurodegenerative disorders.
Journal ArticleDOI
Microbes and mental health: A review
TL;DR: The role of stress and stress-mediated changes in autonomic, neuroendocrine, immune, and neurotransmitter systems are examined, followed by a discussion of the role of the microbiota in novel gastrointestinal-based treatment options for the prevention and treatment of brain-based disorders such as anxiety and depression.
Journal ArticleDOI
Gut Microbiota and the Neuroendocrine System.
TL;DR: The present contribution describes the bidirectional communication between the gut microbiota and the HPA axis and delineates the potential underlying mechanisms.
References
More filters
Journal ArticleDOI
A human gut microbial gene catalogue established by metagenomic sequencing
Junjie Qin,Ruiqiang Li,Jeroen Raes,Manimozhiyan Arumugam,Kristoffer Sølvsten Burgdorf,Chaysavanh Manichanh,Trine Nielsen,Nicolas Pons,Florence Levenez,Takuji Yamada,Daniel R. Mende,Junhua Li,Junming Xu,Shaochuan Li,Dongfang Li,Jianjun Cao,Bo Wang,Huiqing Liang,Huisong Zheng,Yinlong Xie,Julien Tap,Patricia Lepage,Marcelo Bertalan,Jean-Michel Batto,Torben Hansen,Denis Le Paslier,Allan Linneberg,H. Bjørn Nielsen,Eric Pelletier,Pierre Renault,Thomas Sicheritz-Pontén,Keith Turner,Hongmei Zhu,Chang Yu,Shengting Li,Min Jian,Yan Zhou,Yingrui Li,Xiuqing Zhang,Songgang Li,Nan Qin,Huanming Yang,Jian Wang,Søren Brunak,Joël Doré,Francisco Guarner,Karsten Kristiansen,Oluf Pedersen,Julian Parkhill,Jean Weissenbach,Peer Bork,S. Dusko Ehrlich,Jun Wang +52 more
TL;DR: The Illumina-based metagenomic sequencing, assembly and characterization of 3.3 million non-redundant microbial genes, derived from 576.7 gigabases of sequence, from faecal samples of 124 European individuals are described, indicating that the entire cohort harbours between 1,000 and 1,150 prevalent bacterial species and each individual at least 160 such species.
Journal ArticleDOI
The gut microbiota as an environmental factor that regulates fat storage
Fredrik Bäckhed,Hao Ding,Hao Ding,Ting Wang,Lora V. Hooper,Gou Young Koh,Andras Nagy,Clay F. Semenkovich,Jeffrey I. Gordon +8 more
TL;DR: In this article, the authors found that conventionalization of adult germ-free C57BL/6 mice with a normal microbiota harvested from the distal intestine (cecum) of conventionally raised animals produces a 60% increase in body fat content and insulin resistance within 14 days despite reduced food intake.
Journal ArticleDOI
Ingestion of Lactobacillus strain regulates emotional behavior and central GABA receptor expression in a mouse via the vagus nerve.
Javier A. Bravo,Paul Forsythe,Marianne V. Chew,Emily Escaravage,Hélène M. Savignac,Timothy G. Dinan,John Bienenstock,John F. Cryan +7 more
TL;DR: Chronic treatment with L. rhamnosus induced region-dependent alterations in GABAB1b mRNA in the brain with increases in cortical regions and concomitant reductions in expression in the hippocampus, amygdala, and locus coeruleus, in comparison with control-fed mice, highlighting the important role of bacteria in the bidirectional communication of the gut–brain axis.
Journal ArticleDOI
Microbiota Modulate Behavioral and Physiological Abnormalities Associated with Neurodevelopmental Disorders
Elaine Y. Hsiao,Sara Mcbride,Sophia Hsien,Gil Sharon,Embriette R. Hyde,Tyler McCue,Julian A. Codelli,Janet Chow,Sarah E. Reisman,Joseph F. Petrosino,Paul H. Patterson,Sarkis K. Mazmanian +11 more
TL;DR: A gut-microbiome-brain connection in a mouse model of ASD is supported and a potential probiotic therapy for GI and particular behavioral symptoms in human neurodevelopmental disorders is identified.
Journal ArticleDOI
Normal gut microbiota modulates brain development and behavior
Rochellys Diaz Heijtz,Shugui Wang,Farhana Anuar,Yu Qian,Britta Björkholm,Annika Samuelsson,Martin L. Hibberd,Hans Forssberg,Sven Pettersson +8 more
TL;DR: It is demonstrated that germ free (GF) mice display increased motor activity and reduced anxiety, compared with specific pathogen free (SPF) mice with a normal gut microbiota, suggesting that the microbial colonization process initiates signaling mechanisms that affect neuronal circuits involved in motor control and anxiety behavior.
Related Papers (5)
Host microbiota constantly control maturation and function of microglia in the CNS
Daniel Erny,Anna Lena Hrabě de Angelis,Diego Jaitin,Peter Wieghofer,Ori Staszewski,Eyal David,Hadas Keren-Shaul,Tanel Mahlakõiv,Kristin Jakobshagen,Thorsten Buch,Vera Schwierzeck,Olaf Utermöhlen,Eunyoung Chun,Wendy S. Garrett,Kathy D. McCoy,Andreas Diefenbach,Peter Staeheli,Bärbel Stecher,Ido Amit,Marco Prinz +19 more