Means and extremes: building variability into community-level climate change experiments.
Citations
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Cites background from "Means and extremes: building variab..."
...Some recent progress has been made with inter-specific competition and trophic interactions, and also with linking ecological and evolutionary dynamics via the food web (Bolnick et al., 2011; Melian et al., 2011; Moya-Larano et al., 2012; Thompson et al., 2013)....
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...Thompson et al. (2013) suggest that climate-change mesocosm studies have taken an overly simplistic approach, with constant ‘fixed mean’ conditions being adopted alongside conservative assumptions about the range of likely future variation in the driver of interest (usually warming)....
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...…2011; Photo: E. Jeppesen); (G) experimental flumes at Monash University, Australia, these systems allow fine control on multiple hydrological parameters (Thompson et al., 2013; Photo: R. Thompson); (H) experimental streams used to investigate the effect of drought on stream communities at the…...
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..., 2005); (G) experimental flumes, Australia (Thompson et al., 2013); (H) experimental streams, UK (Ledger et al....
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...Such studies are logistically challenging, however, and often fail to incorporate critical aspects of future climates, including increases in frequency of extreme events (e.g. Jentsch et al., 2007; Thompson et al., 2013)....
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253 citations
Cites background from "Means and extremes: building variab..."
...downscaled to local conditions, to design more realistic experiments (Thompson et al., 2013)....
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...ing temperature variability and precipitation changes as well as the occurrence of extreme events (Stewart et al., 2013; Thompson et al., 2013)....
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...In all cases, researchers need to make decisions about which global circulation models to use and under which emissions scenarios, downscaled to local conditions, to design more realistic experiments (Thompson et al., 2013)....
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...…and net precipitation, more projected frequent extreme events (heatwaves, storms, extreme rain) may potentially affect also ecosystem stability (Thompson et al., 2013) (e.g., by enhancing mismatch of species distributions and interactions; Kishi et al., 2005; Durant et al., 2007) and lead to…...
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...treme rain) may potentially affect also ecosystem stability (Thompson et al., 2013) (e....
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References
7,657 citations
"Means and extremes: building variab..." refers background in this paper
...…of the effects of changing climate on ecosystems has been greatly informed by field studies showing range shifts (including invasions) (e.g. Parmesan 2006; Thomas 2010; Dietl & Flessa 2011), altered patterns of phenology (e.g. Walther 2004; Parmesan 2006; Pau et al. 2011), changes in body…...
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...Parmesan 2006; Thomas 2010; Dietl & Flessa 2011), altered patterns of phenology (e.g. Walther 2004; Parmesan 2006; Pau et al. 2011), changes in body size distributions (e....
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...Predicted increases in mean temperatures due to climate change are likely to impact species over relatively long time periods (years to decades), resulting in range shifts and alterations in ecological interactions (Parmesan 2006)....
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...…showing range shifts (including invasions) (e.g. Parmesan 2006; Thomas 2010; Dietl & Flessa 2011), altered patterns of phenology (e.g. Walther 2004; Parmesan 2006; Pau et al. 2011), changes in body size distributions (e.g. Sheridan & Bickford 2011; Goodman et al. 2012) and altered rates of…...
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4,379 citations
2,834 citations
"Means and extremes: building variab..." refers background in this paper
...Predicting the consequences of climate change requires an understanding of the complex physiological, ecological and evolutionary processes which underpin the relationships between climate and biodiversity (Lavergne et al. 2010; Bellard et al. 2012)....
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2,464 citations
"Means and extremes: building variab..." refers background in this paper
...Extreme disturbances of various types are associated with dramatic biological effects at different levels of ecological organisation, from the individual (e.g. physiological stress) (Parmesan et al. 2000) to the ecosystem (shifts between states) (Allen & Breshears 1998; Scheffer & Carpenter 2003)....
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