Journal ArticleDOI
Measles Elimination in the Americas: Evolving Strategies
Ciro A. de Quadros,Jean Marc Olivé,Bradley S. Hersh,Marc A. Strassburg,Donald A. Henderson,David Brandling-Bennett,George Alleyne +6 more
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The strategy currently used to control measles in most countries has been to immunize each successive birth cohort through the routine health services delivery system, while measles vaccine coverage has increased markedly, significant measles outbreaks have continued to recur.Abstract:
The strategy currently used to control measles in most countries has been to immunize each successive birth cohort through the routine health services delivery system. While measles vaccine coverage has increased markedly, significant measles outbreaks have continued to recur. During the past 5 years, experience in the Americas suggests that measles transmission has been interrupted in a number of countries (Cuba, Chile, and countries in the English-speaking Caribbean and successfully controlled in all remaining countries. Since 1991 these countries have implemented one-time "catch-up" vaccination campaigns (conducted during a short period, usually 1 week to 1 month, and targeting all children 9 months through 14 years of age, regardless of previous vaccination status or measles disease history). These campaigns have been followed by improvements in routine vaccination services and in surveillance systems, so that the progress of the measles elimination efforts can be sustained and monitored. Follow-up mass vaccination campaigns for children younger than 5 years are planned to take place every 3 to 5 years. ( JAMA . 1996;275:224-229)read more
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Book ChapterDOI
Global Burden of Disease
TL;DR: This article is reproduced from the previous edition, volume 3, pp. 59–71, of Elsevier Inc.
Journal ArticleDOI
Statistical physics of vaccination
Zhen Wang,Zhen Wang,Chris T. Bauch,Samit Bhattacharyya,Alberto d’Onofrio,Piero Manfredi,Matjaz Perc,Nicola Perra,Marcel Salathé,Dawei Zhao +9 more
TL;DR: This report reviews the developmental arc of theoretical epidemiology with emphasis on vaccination, as it led from classical models assuming homogeneously mixing populations and ignoring human behavior, to recent models that account for behavioral feedback and/or population spatial/social structure.
Journal ArticleDOI
Towards Universal Voluntary HIV Testing and Counselling: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Community-Based Approaches
Amitabh B. Suthar,Nathan Ford,Pamela Bachanas,Vincent Wong,Jay Rajan,Alex K. Saltzman,Olawale Ajose,Ade Fakoya,Reuben Granich,Eyerusalem K. Negussie,Rachel Baggaley +10 more
TL;DR: In a systematic review and meta-analysis, Amitabh Suthar and colleagues describe the evidence base for different HIV testing and counseling services provided outside of health facilities.
Journal ArticleDOI
Has the 2005 measles mortality reduction goal been achieved? A natural history modelling study
Lara J. Wolfson,Peter M. Strebel,Marta Gacic-Dobo,Edward J. Hoekstra,Jeffrey McFarland,Bradley S. Hersh +5 more
TL;DR: The achievement of the 2005 global measles mortality reduction goal is evidence of what can be accomplished for child survival in countries with high childhood mortality when safe, cost-effective, and affordable interventions are backed by country-level political commitment and an effective international partnership.
Journal Article
Has the 2005 measles mortality reduction goal been achieved? A natural history modelling study. Commentary
David Elliman,Helen Bedford,Larn J. Wolfson,Peter M. Strebel,Marta Gacic-Dobo,Edward J. Hoekstra,Jeffrey W. Mcfarfand,Bradley S. Hersh +7 more
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors evaluated trends in immunisation against measles on the basis of national implementation of the WHO/UNICEF comprehensive strategy for measles mortality reduction, and the provision of a second opportunity for measles immunisation.
References
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World development report 1993 : investing in health
Seth Berkley,Jose Luis Bobadilla,Robert Hecht,Kenneth Hill,Dean T. Jamison,Christopher J L Murray,Philip Musgrove,Helen Saxenian,Jee-Peng Tan +8 more
TL;DR: This report examines the controversial questions surrounding health care and health policy and advocates a threefold approach to health policy for governments in developing countries and in the formerly socialist countries, based in large part on innovative research.
Journal ArticleDOI
Herd Immunity: History, Theory, Practice
TL;DR: This new popularity of herd immunity comes as a consequence of several recent major achievements of vaccination programs, i.e.: the historic success of the global smallpox eradication program; dramatic increases in vaccination coverage stimulated by national programs and by the Expanded Programme on Immunization.
Journal ArticleDOI
Measles in England and Wales—I: An Analysis of Factors Underlying Seasonal Patterns
TL;DR: Examination of the weekly measles notifications for England and Wales, 1950-1979, reveals a regular biennial pattern of major and minor epidemics before the national immunization programme began in 1968, followed by an annual cycle ofMinor epidemics, suggesting that the national measles vaccination programme has not lowered the total number of individuals susceptible to measles.
Journal ArticleDOI
The elimination of indigenous measles, mumps, and rubella from Finland by a 12-year, two-dose vaccination program.
Heikki Peltola,Olli P. Heinonen,Martti Valle,Mikko Paunio,M Virtanen,Viena Karanko,Kari Cantell +6 more
TL;DR: Serologic studies show that most reported sporadic cases of measles, mumps, and rubella from Finland are now due to other causes, but a continued high rate of vaccination coverage is essential to prevent outbreaks resulting from exposure to imported disease.
Journal ArticleDOI
The Measles Epidemic: The Problems, Barriers, and Recommendations
Donald A. Henderson,Frances J. Dunston,David S. Fedson,Vincent A. Fulginiti,Robert John Gerety,Fernando A. Guerra,Kay Johnson,Edgar K. Marcuse,Don P. Metzgar,Ronald J. Saldarini,Parker A. Small,Gene H. Stollerman,Thomas M. Vernon,Catherine M. Wilfert +13 more
TL;DR: The nation has experienced a marked increase in measles cases during 1989 and 1990, and almost one half of all cases have occurred in unvaccinated preschool children, mostly minorities.