Journal ArticleDOI
Measles infection of the central nervous system.
Reads0
Chats0
TLDR
Mice, hamsters, and rats have been used as model systems to study MV-induced CNS infections, and revealed interesting aspects of virulence, persistence, the immune response, and prerequisites of protection.Abstract:
Central nervous system (CNS) complications occuring early and late after acute measles are serious and often fatal. In spite of functional cell-mediated immunity and high antiviral antibody titers, an immunological control of the CNS infection is not achieved in patients suffering from subacute sclerosing panencephalitis (SSPE). The known cellular receptors for measle virus (MV) in humans, CD46 and CD150 (signaling lymphocyte activation molecule, SLAM), are important components of the viral tropism by mediating binding and entry to peripheral cells. Because neural cells do not express SLAM and only sporadically CD46, virus entry to neural cells, and spread within the CNS, remain mechanistically unclear. Mice, hamsters, and rats have been used as model systems to study MV-induced CNS infections, and revealed interesting aspects of virulence, persistence, the immune response, and prerequisites of protection. With the help of recombinant MV and mice expressing transgenic receptors, questions such as receptor-dependent viral spread, or viral determinants of virulence, have been investigated. However, many questions concerning the human MV-induced CNS diseases are still open.read more
Citations
More filters
Journal ArticleDOI
An optofluidic nanoplasmonic biosensor for direct detection of live viruses from biological media.
Ahmet Ali Yanik,Min Huang,Osami Kamohara,Alp Artar,Thomas W. Geisbert,John H. Connor,Hatice Altug +6 more
TL;DR: A label-free optofluidic nanoplasmonic sensor that can directly detect intact viruses from biological media at clinically relevant concentrations with little to no sample preparation is demonstrated.
Journal ArticleDOI
Virus Infections in the Nervous System
TL;DR: How viruses gain access to and spread in the well-protected CNS is reviewed, with particular emphasis on alpha herpesviruses, which establish and maintain persistent NS infections.
Journal ArticleDOI
Oncolytic viruses in cancer therapy.
TL;DR: An introduction to oncolytic virotherapy is provided to provide an introduction to this very topical field of research and to point out some of the current observations, insights and ideas circulating in the literature.
Journal ArticleDOI
Subacute sclerosing panencephalitis
TL;DR: A combination of oral isoprinosine (Inosiplex) and intraventricular interferon alfa appears to be the best effective treatment for subacute sclerosing panencephalitis.
Journal ArticleDOI
Functional signatures of protective antiviral T-cell immunity in human virus infections
Alexandre Harari,Valérie Dutoit,Cristina Cellerai,Pierre-Alexandre Bart,Renaud Du Pasquier,Giuseppe Pantaleo +5 more
TL;DR: The levels of antigen load modulate the phenotypic and functional patterns of the T‐cell response within the same virus infection, and the functional characterization of virus‐specific CD4+ and CD8‐cell responses has identified signatures of protective antiviral immunity.
References
More filters
Journal ArticleDOI
The human CD46 molecule is a receptor for measles virus (Edmonston strain)
TL;DR: Results prove that human CD46 permits cells both to bind measles virus and to support infection and polyclonal antisera against CD46 inhibited virus binding and infection.
Journal ArticleDOI
SLAM (CDw150) is a cellular receptor for measles virus.
TL;DR: It is shown that human SLAM (signalling lymphocyte-activation molecule), a recently discovered membrane glycoprotein expressed on some T and B cells, is a cellular receptor for measles virus, including the Edmonston strain.
Journal ArticleDOI
Human membrane cofactor protein (CD46) acts as a cellular receptor for measles virus.
Denise Naniche,Gayathri Varior-Krishnan,F. Cervoni,Wild Tf,B. Rossi,Chantal Rabourdin-Combe,Denis Gerlier +6 more
TL;DR: Results show that the human CD46 molecule serves as an MV receptor allowing virus-cell binding, fusion, and viral replication and open new perspectives in the study of MV pathogenesis.
Journal ArticleDOI
A novel receptor involved in T-cell activation.
Benjamin G. Cocks,Chia-Chun J. Chang,José M. Carballido,Hans Yssel,J E de Vries,Gregorio Aversa +5 more
TL;DR: SLAM is a novel receptor on T cells that, when engaged, potentiates T-cell expansion in a CD28-independent manner and induces a ThO/Thl cytokine production profile.
Journal ArticleDOI
Biased hypermutation and other genetic changes in defective measles viruses in human brain infections
Roberto Cattaneo,Anita M. Schmid,Daniel Eschle,K. Baczko,Volker ter Meulen,Martin A. Billeter +5 more
TL;DR: It is proposed that the cluster of mutations in the MIBE case, and other combinations of mutationsIn other cases, favored propagation of MV infections in brain cells by conferring a selective advantage to the mutated genomes.