Journal ArticleDOI
Measurement instruments to assess posture, gait, and balance in Parkinson's disease: Critique and recommendations
Bastiaan R. Bloem,Johan Marinus,Quincy J. Almeida,Lee Dibble,Alice Nieuwboer,Bart Post,Evzen Ruzicka,Christopher G. Goetz,Glenn T. Stebbins,Pablo Martinez-Martin,Anette Schrag +10 more
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This MDS‐commissioned task force assessed clinimetric properties of existing rating scales, questionnaires, and timed tests that assess features in Parkinson's disease.Abstract:
BACKGROUND: Disorders of posture, gait, and balance in Parkinson's disease (PD) are common and debilitating. This MDS-commissioned task force assessed clinimetric properties of existing rating scales, questionnaires, and timed tests that assess these features in PD. METHODS: A literature review was conducted. Identified instruments were evaluated systematically and classified as "recommended," "suggested," or "listed." Inclusion of rating scales was restricted to those that could be used readily in clinical research and practice. RESULTS: One rating scale was classified as "recommended" (UPDRS-derived Postural Instability and Gait Difficulty score) and 2 as "suggested" (Tinetti Balance Scale, Rating Scale for Gait Evaluation). Three scales requiring equipment (Berg Balance Scale, Mini-BESTest, Dynamic Gait Index) also fulfilled criteria for "recommended" and 2 for "suggested" (FOG score, Gait and Balance Scale). Four questionnaires were "recommended" (Freezing of Gait Questionnaire, Activities-specific Balance Confidence Scale, Falls Efficacy Scale, Survey of Activities, and Fear of Falling in the Elderly-Modified). Four tests were classified as "recommended" (6-minute and 10-m walk tests, Timed Up-and-Go, Functional Reach). CONCLUSION: We identified several questionnaires that adequately assess freezing of gait and balance confidence in PD and a number of useful clinical tests. However, most clinical rating scales for gait, balance, and posture perform suboptimally or have been evaluated insufficiently. No instrument comprehensively and separately evaluates all relevant PD-specific gait characteristics with good clinimetric properties, and none provides separate balance and gait scores with adequate content validity for PD. We therefore recommend the development of such a PD-specific, easily administered, comprehensive gait and balance scale that separately assesses all relevant constructs. (c) 2016 International Parkinson and Movement Disorder Society.read more
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Journal ArticleDOI
Gait impairments in Parkinson's disease.
Anat Mirelman,Anat Mirelman,Paolo Bonato,Richard Camicioli,Terry D. Ellis,Nir Giladi,Nir Giladi,Jamie L. Hamilton,Chris J. Hass,Jeffrey M. Hausdorff,Jeffrey M. Hausdorff,Jeffrey M. Hausdorff,Elisa Pelosin,Quincy J. Almeida +13 more
TL;DR: It is important to establish clear links between specific gait impairments, their underlying mechanisms, and disease progression to foster the acceptance and usability of quantitative gait measures as outcomes in future disease-modifying clinical trials.
Journal ArticleDOI
Inertial Sensors to Assess Gait Quality in Patients with Neurological Disorders: A Systematic Review of Technical and Analytical Challenges.
Aliénor Vienne,R. Barrois,Stéphane Buffat,Stéphane Buffat,Damien Ricard,Damien Ricard,Pierre-Paul Vidal +6 more
TL;DR: Homogenization is needed to foster the use of ILG to assess gait quality in neurological routine practice and analysis of seven complementary clinical criteria (springiness, sturdiness, smoothness, steadiness, stability, symmetry, synchronization) is advocated.
Journal ArticleDOI
Clinical and methodological challenges for assessing freezing of gait: Future perspectives
Martina Mancini,Bastiaan R. Bloem,Fay B. Horak,Simon J.G. Lewis,Alice Nieuwboer,Jorik Nonnekes +5 more
TL;DR: The latest insights into clinical and methodological challenges for assessing freezing of gait are summarized and the role of emerging wearable technology is highlighted to improve the management of this debilitating symptom.
Journal ArticleDOI
Comparison of virtual reality rehabilitation and conventional rehabilitation in Parkinson’s disease: a randomised controlled trial
Costanza Pazzaglia,Isabella Imbimbo,Eliana Tranchita,Carlo Minganti,Diego Ricciardi,R. Lo Monaco,Attilio Parisi,Luca Padua +7 more
TL;DR: It is suggested that rehabilitation is useful in Parkinson's disease, and the VR rehabilitation programme was more effective in determining overall improvement than the conventional rehabilitation programme.
Journal ArticleDOI
Wearable Sensor-Based Biofeedback Training for Balance and Gait in Parkinson Disease: A Pilot Randomized Controlled Trial
Ilaria Carpinella,Davide Cattaneo,Gianluca Bonora,Thomas Bowman,Laura Martina,Angelo Montesano,Maurizio Ferrarin +6 more
TL;DR: Gamepad-based training was feasible and superior to physiotherapy without feedback in improving BBS performance and retaining it for 1 month and to increase transfer of training effects to real-life contexts.
References
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Journal ArticleDOI
The Timed “Up & Go”: A Test of Basic Functional Mobility for Frail Elderly Persons
TL;DR: This study evaluated a modified, timed version of the “Get‐Up and Go” Test (Mathias et al, 1986) in 60 patients referred to a Geriatric Day Hospital and suggested that the timed “Up & Go’ test is a reliable and valid test for quantifying functional mobility that may also be useful in following clinical change over time.
Journal ArticleDOI
Movement Disorder Society-sponsored revision of the Unified Parkinson's Disease Rating Scale (MDS-UPDRS): scale presentation and clinimetric testing results.
Christopher G. Goetz,Barbara C. Tilley,Stephanie R. Shaftman,Glenn T. Stebbins,Stanley Fahn,Pablo Martinez-Martin,Werner Poewe,Cristina Sampaio,Matthew B. Stern,Richard Dodel,Bruno Dubois,Robert G. Holloway,Joseph Jankovic,Jaime Kulisevsky,Anthony E. Lang,Andrew J. Lees,Sue Leurgans,Peter A. LeWitt,David L. Nyenhuis,C. Warren Olanow,Olivier Rascol,Anette Schrag,Jeanne A. Teresi,Jacobus J. van Hilten,Nancy R. LaPelle,Pinky Agarwal,Saima Athar,Yvette Bordelan,Helen Bronte-Stewart,Richard Camicioli,Kelvin L. Chou,Wendy Cole,Arif Dalvi,Holly Delgado,Alan Diamond,Jeremy P.R. Dick,John E. Duda,Rodger J. Elble,Carol Evans,V. G. H. Evidente,Hubert H. Fernandez,Susan H. Fox,Joseph H. Friedman,Robin D. Fross,David A. Gallagher,Deborah A. Hall,Neal Hermanowicz,Vanessa K. Hinson,Stacy Horn,Howard I. Hurtig,Un Jung Kang,Galit Kleiner-Fisman,Olga Klepitskaya,Katie Kompoliti,Eugene C. Lai,Maureen L. Leehey,Iracema Leroi,Kelly E. Lyons,Terry McClain,Steven W. Metzer,Janis M. Miyasaki,John C. Morgan,Martha Nance,Joanne Nemeth,Rajesh Pahwa,Sotirios A. Parashos,Jay S. Schneider,Kapil D. Sethi,Lisa M. Shulman,Andrew Siderowf,Monty Silverdale,Tanya Simuni,Mark Stacy,Robert Malcolm Stewart,Kelly L. Sullivan,David M. Swope,Pettaruse M. Wadia,Richard Walker,Ruth H. Walker,William J. Weiner,Jill Wiener,Jayne R. Wilkinson,Joanna M. Wojcieszek,Summer C. Wolfrath,Frederick Wooten,Allen Wu,Theresa A. Zesiewicz,Richard M. Zweig +87 more
TL;DR: The combined clinimetric results of this study support the validity of the MDS‐UPDRS for rating PD.
Journal ArticleDOI
Performance-oriented assessment of mobility problems in elderly patients
TL;DR: A practical performance-oriented assessment of mobility is described that incorporates useful features of both approaches and the recommended evaluation centers on the more effective use of readily (and frequently) obtained clinical data.
Journal ArticleDOI
The Activities-specific Balance Confidence (ABC) Scale
TL;DR: The greater item responsiveness of the ABC scale makes it more suitable to detect loss of balancing confidence in more highly functioning seniors, and greater situation-specificity of items may also assist clinicians in targeting appropriate interventions.
Journal ArticleDOI
Functional reach a new clinical measure of balance
Pamela W. Duncan,Debra K. Weiner,Julie Chandler,Stephanie A. Studenski,Stephanie A. Studenski +4 more
TL;DR: In this paper, a new clinically accessible measure of balance, functional reach (FR), is defined as the difference between arm's length and maximal forward reach, using a fixed base of support.
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