Journal ArticleDOI
Measurement of the Elastic Properties and Intrinsic Strength of Monolayer Graphene
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TLDR
Graphene is established as the strongest material ever measured, and atomically perfect nanoscale materials can be mechanically tested to deformations well beyond the linear regime.Abstract:
We measured the elastic properties and intrinsic breaking strength of free-standing monolayer graphene membranes by nanoindentation in an atomic force microscope. The force-displacement behavior is interpreted within a framework of nonlinear elastic stress-strain response, and yields second- and third-order elastic stiffnesses of 340 newtons per meter (N m(-1)) and -690 Nm(-1), respectively. The breaking strength is 42 N m(-1) and represents the intrinsic strength of a defect-free sheet. These quantities correspond to a Young's modulus of E = 1.0 terapascals, third-order elastic stiffness of D = -2.0 terapascals, and intrinsic strength of sigma(int) = 130 gigapascals for bulk graphite. These experiments establish graphene as the strongest material ever measured, and show that atomically perfect nanoscale materials can be mechanically tested to deformations well beyond the linear regime.read more
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Penta-graphene: A new carbon allotrope
Shunhong Zhang,Shunhong Zhang,Shunhong Zhang,Jian Zhou,Qian Wang,Qian Wang,Qian Wang,Xiaoshuang Chen,Xiaoshuang Chen,Yoshiyuki Kawazoe,Puru Jena +10 more
TL;DR: It is shown that penta-graphene, composed of only carbon pentagons and resembling Cairo pentagonal tiling, is dynamically, thermally, and mechanically stable, and exhibits negative Poisson's ratio, a large band gap, and an ultrahigh mechanical strength.
Journal ArticleDOI
Hydrazine and Thermal Reduction of Graphene Oxide: Reaction Mechanisms, Product Structures, and Reaction Design
TL;DR: In this article, the density functional theory method (M05-2X/6-31G(d)) was used to investigate reaction mechanisms for deoxygenation of graphene oxides with hydrazine or heat treatment.
Journal ArticleDOI
Graphene-based nanomaterials for drug delivery and tissue engineering.
TL;DR: This article presents a comprehensive review of various types and properties of graphene family nanomaterials and highlights how these properties are being exploited for drug delivery and tissue engineering applications.
Journal ArticleDOI
Three dimensional macroporous architectures and aerogels built of carbon nanotubes and/or graphene: synthesis and applications
TL;DR: This review aims to describe the different synthetic processes used for preparation of these three-dimensional architectures and/or aerogels containing either any or both allotropes, and the different fields of application in which the particular structure of these materials provided a significant enhancement in the efficacy as compared to their two-dimensional analogues or even opened the path to novel applications.
Journal ArticleDOI
Nitrogen-doped graphene and its electrochemical applications
Yuyan Shao,Sheng Zhang,Mark H. Engelhard,Guosheng Li,Guocheng Shao,Yong Wang,Yong Wang,Jun Liu,Ilhan A. Aksay,Yuehe Lin +9 more
TL;DR: In this paper, Nitrogen-doped graphene (N-graphene) is obtained by exposing graphene to nitrogen plasma, and it exhibits much higher electrocatalytic activity toward oxygen reduction and H2O2 reduction than graphene, and much higher durability and selectivity than the widely used expensive Pt for oxygen reduction.
References
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Journal ArticleDOI
Raman spectrum of graphene and graphene layers.
Andrea C. Ferrari,Jannik C. Meyer,Vittorio Scardaci,Cinzia Casiraghi,Michele Lazzeri,Francesco Mauri,S. Piscanec,Da Jiang,K. S. Novoselov,S. Roth,A. K. Geim +10 more
TL;DR: This work shows that graphene's electronic structure is captured in its Raman spectrum that clearly evolves with the number of layers, and allows unambiguous, high-throughput, nondestructive identification of graphene layers, which is critically lacking in this emerging research area.
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Two-dimensional atomic crystals
Kostya S. Novoselov,Da Jiang,Fred Schedin,Timothy J. Booth,V. V. Khotkevich,Sergey V. Morozov,Andre K. Geim +6 more
TL;DR: By using micromechanical cleavage, a variety of 2D crystals including single layers of boron nitride, graphite, several dichalcogenides, and complex oxides are prepared and studied.
Journal ArticleDOI
The Phenomena of Rupture and Flow in Solids
TL;DR: In this article, the authors investigated the effect of surface scratches on the mechanical strength of solids, and some general conclusions were reached which appear to have a direct bearing on the problem of rupture, from an engineering standpoint, and also on the larger question of the nature of intermolecular cohesion.
Book
Physical properties of crystals
TL;DR: In this paper, the physical properties of crystals systematically in tensor notation are presented, presenting tensor properties in terms of their common mathematical basis and the thermodynamic relations between them.
Journal ArticleDOI
Strength and breaking mechanism of multiwalled carbon nanotubes under tensile load
TL;DR: The tensile strengths of individual multiwalled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) were measured with a "nanostressing stage" located within a scanning electron microscope and a variety of structures were revealed, such as a nanotube ribbon, a wave pattern, and partial radial collapse.