Journal ArticleDOI
Measurement of the Elastic Properties and Intrinsic Strength of Monolayer Graphene
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TLDR
Graphene is established as the strongest material ever measured, and atomically perfect nanoscale materials can be mechanically tested to deformations well beyond the linear regime.Abstract:
We measured the elastic properties and intrinsic breaking strength of free-standing monolayer graphene membranes by nanoindentation in an atomic force microscope. The force-displacement behavior is interpreted within a framework of nonlinear elastic stress-strain response, and yields second- and third-order elastic stiffnesses of 340 newtons per meter (N m(-1)) and -690 Nm(-1), respectively. The breaking strength is 42 N m(-1) and represents the intrinsic strength of a defect-free sheet. These quantities correspond to a Young's modulus of E = 1.0 terapascals, third-order elastic stiffness of D = -2.0 terapascals, and intrinsic strength of sigma(int) = 130 gigapascals for bulk graphite. These experiments establish graphene as the strongest material ever measured, and show that atomically perfect nanoscale materials can be mechanically tested to deformations well beyond the linear regime.read more
Citations
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Ultra-strength materials
TL;DR: In this paper, an overview of the principal deformation mechanisms of ultra-strength materials is presented, and the fundamental defect processes that initiate and sustain plastic flow and fracture are described, as well as the mechanics and physics of both displacive and diffusive mechanisms.
Journal ArticleDOI
Graphene-based transparent strain sensor
TL;DR: Transparent strain sensors based on graphene were fabricated in a form of rosette on a flexible plastic or stretchable rubber substrate by using reactive ion etching and stamping techniques.
Journal ArticleDOI
Towards establishing standard performance metrics for batteries, supercapacitors and beyond.
Abolhassan Noori,Maher F. El-Kady,Mohammad S. Rahmanifar,Richard B. Kaner,Mir Fazlollah Mousavi +4 more
TL;DR: An overview of the energy storage devices from conventional capacitors to supercapacitors to hybrid systems and ultimately to batteries is provided, although the focus is kept on capacitive and hybrid energy storage systems.
Journal ArticleDOI
Photovoltaic effect in few-layer black phosphorus PN junctions defined by local electrostatic gating.
Michele Buscema,Dirk J. Groenendijk,Gary A. Steele,Herre S. J. van der Zant,Andres Castellanos-Gomez +4 more
TL;DR: Few-layer black phosphorus is a recently isolated 2D semiconductor with direct bandgap, high mobility, large current on/off ratios and ambipolar operation, and electrostatic control of the local charge carrier type and density is demonstrated in the device.
Journal ArticleDOI
Experimental Demonstration of Continuous Electronic Structure Tuning via Strain in Atomically Thin MoS2
TL;DR: In this article, the authors demonstrate the continuous tuning of the electronic structure of atomically thin MoS2 on flexible substrates by applying a uniaxial tensile strain.
References
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Journal ArticleDOI
Raman spectrum of graphene and graphene layers.
Andrea C. Ferrari,Jannik C. Meyer,Vittorio Scardaci,Cinzia Casiraghi,Michele Lazzeri,Francesco Mauri,S. Piscanec,Da Jiang,K. S. Novoselov,S. Roth,A. K. Geim +10 more
TL;DR: This work shows that graphene's electronic structure is captured in its Raman spectrum that clearly evolves with the number of layers, and allows unambiguous, high-throughput, nondestructive identification of graphene layers, which is critically lacking in this emerging research area.
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Two-dimensional atomic crystals
Kostya S. Novoselov,Da Jiang,Fred Schedin,Timothy J. Booth,V. V. Khotkevich,Sergey V. Morozov,Andre K. Geim +6 more
TL;DR: By using micromechanical cleavage, a variety of 2D crystals including single layers of boron nitride, graphite, several dichalcogenides, and complex oxides are prepared and studied.
Journal ArticleDOI
The Phenomena of Rupture and Flow in Solids
TL;DR: In this article, the authors investigated the effect of surface scratches on the mechanical strength of solids, and some general conclusions were reached which appear to have a direct bearing on the problem of rupture, from an engineering standpoint, and also on the larger question of the nature of intermolecular cohesion.
Book
Physical properties of crystals
TL;DR: In this paper, the physical properties of crystals systematically in tensor notation are presented, presenting tensor properties in terms of their common mathematical basis and the thermodynamic relations between them.
Journal ArticleDOI
Strength and breaking mechanism of multiwalled carbon nanotubes under tensile load
TL;DR: The tensile strengths of individual multiwalled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) were measured with a "nanostressing stage" located within a scanning electron microscope and a variety of structures were revealed, such as a nanotube ribbon, a wave pattern, and partial radial collapse.