Journal ArticleDOI
Measurement of the Elastic Properties and Intrinsic Strength of Monolayer Graphene
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TLDR
Graphene is established as the strongest material ever measured, and atomically perfect nanoscale materials can be mechanically tested to deformations well beyond the linear regime.Abstract:
We measured the elastic properties and intrinsic breaking strength of free-standing monolayer graphene membranes by nanoindentation in an atomic force microscope. The force-displacement behavior is interpreted within a framework of nonlinear elastic stress-strain response, and yields second- and third-order elastic stiffnesses of 340 newtons per meter (N m(-1)) and -690 Nm(-1), respectively. The breaking strength is 42 N m(-1) and represents the intrinsic strength of a defect-free sheet. These quantities correspond to a Young's modulus of E = 1.0 terapascals, third-order elastic stiffness of D = -2.0 terapascals, and intrinsic strength of sigma(int) = 130 gigapascals for bulk graphite. These experiments establish graphene as the strongest material ever measured, and show that atomically perfect nanoscale materials can be mechanically tested to deformations well beyond the linear regime.read more
Citations
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Supercapacitors Based on Flexible Graphene/Polyaniline Nanofiber Composite Films
TL;DR: Supercapacitor devices based on this conductive flexible composite film showed large electrochemical capacitance at a discharge rate of 0.3 A g(-1) and exhibited greatly improved electrochemical stability and rate performances.
Journal ArticleDOI
Chemically derived graphene oxide: towards large-area thin-film electronics and optoelectronics.
Goki Eda,Manishkumar Chhowalla +1 more
TL;DR: The fundamental structure and properties of GO-based thin films are discussed in relation to their potential applications in electronics and optoelectronics.
Journal ArticleDOI
Scalable production of large quantities of defect-free few-layer graphene by shear exfoliation in liquids
Keith R. Paton,Eswaraiah Varrla,Claudia Backes,Ronan J. Smith,Umar Khan,Arlene O’Neill,Conor S. Boland,Mustafa Lotya,Oana M. Istrate,Paul J. King,Thomas M. Higgins,Sebastian Barwich,Peter M. May,Paweł Puczkarski,Iftikhar Ahmed,Matthias Moebius,Henrik Pettersson,Edmund Long,João Coelho,Sean O'Brien,Eva K. McGuire,Beatriz Mendoza Sanchez,Georg S. Duesberg,Niall McEvoy,Timothy J. Pennycook,Clive Downing,Alison Crossley,Valeria Nicolosi,Jonathan N. Coleman +28 more
TL;DR: It is shown that high-shear mixing of graphite in suitable stabilizing liquids results in large-scale exfoliation to give dispersions of graphene nanosheets in liquid volumes from hundreds of millilitres up to hundreds of litres and beyond.
Journal ArticleDOI
Metal-free catalysts for oxygen reduction reaction.
TL;DR: This paper presents a probabilistic procedure for estimating the polymethine content of carbon dioxide using a straightforward two-step procedure, and shows good results in both the stationary and the liquid phase.
Journal ArticleDOI
Sulfur-doped graphene as an efficient metal-free cathode catalyst for oxygen reduction.
Zhi Yang,Zhen Yao,Guifa Li,Guoyong Fang,Huagui Nie,Zheng Liu,Xuemei Zhou,Xi'an Chen,Shaoming Huang +8 more
TL;DR: The experimental results are believed to be significant because they not only give further insight into the ORR mechanism of these metal-free doped carbon materials, but also open a way to fabricate other new low-cost NPMCs with high electrocatalytic activity by a simple, economical, and scalable approach for real FC applications.
References
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Journal ArticleDOI
Raman spectrum of graphene and graphene layers.
Andrea C. Ferrari,Jannik C. Meyer,Vittorio Scardaci,Cinzia Casiraghi,Michele Lazzeri,Francesco Mauri,S. Piscanec,Da Jiang,K. S. Novoselov,S. Roth,A. K. Geim +10 more
TL;DR: This work shows that graphene's electronic structure is captured in its Raman spectrum that clearly evolves with the number of layers, and allows unambiguous, high-throughput, nondestructive identification of graphene layers, which is critically lacking in this emerging research area.
Journal ArticleDOI
Two-dimensional atomic crystals
Kostya S. Novoselov,Da Jiang,Fred Schedin,Timothy J. Booth,V. V. Khotkevich,Sergey V. Morozov,Andre K. Geim +6 more
TL;DR: By using micromechanical cleavage, a variety of 2D crystals including single layers of boron nitride, graphite, several dichalcogenides, and complex oxides are prepared and studied.
Journal ArticleDOI
The Phenomena of Rupture and Flow in Solids
TL;DR: In this article, the authors investigated the effect of surface scratches on the mechanical strength of solids, and some general conclusions were reached which appear to have a direct bearing on the problem of rupture, from an engineering standpoint, and also on the larger question of the nature of intermolecular cohesion.
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Physical properties of crystals
TL;DR: In this paper, the physical properties of crystals systematically in tensor notation are presented, presenting tensor properties in terms of their common mathematical basis and the thermodynamic relations between them.
Journal ArticleDOI
Strength and breaking mechanism of multiwalled carbon nanotubes under tensile load
TL;DR: The tensile strengths of individual multiwalled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) were measured with a "nanostressing stage" located within a scanning electron microscope and a variety of structures were revealed, such as a nanotube ribbon, a wave pattern, and partial radial collapse.