Journal ArticleDOI
Measurement of the Elastic Properties and Intrinsic Strength of Monolayer Graphene
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TLDR
Graphene is established as the strongest material ever measured, and atomically perfect nanoscale materials can be mechanically tested to deformations well beyond the linear regime.Abstract:
We measured the elastic properties and intrinsic breaking strength of free-standing monolayer graphene membranes by nanoindentation in an atomic force microscope. The force-displacement behavior is interpreted within a framework of nonlinear elastic stress-strain response, and yields second- and third-order elastic stiffnesses of 340 newtons per meter (N m(-1)) and -690 Nm(-1), respectively. The breaking strength is 42 N m(-1) and represents the intrinsic strength of a defect-free sheet. These quantities correspond to a Young's modulus of E = 1.0 terapascals, third-order elastic stiffness of D = -2.0 terapascals, and intrinsic strength of sigma(int) = 130 gigapascals for bulk graphite. These experiments establish graphene as the strongest material ever measured, and show that atomically perfect nanoscale materials can be mechanically tested to deformations well beyond the linear regime.read more
Citations
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Synthesis of borophenes: Anisotropic, two-dimensional boron polymorphs
Andrew J. Mannix,Andrew J. Mannix,Xiang-Feng Zhou,Xiang-Feng Zhou,Brian Kiraly,Brian Kiraly,Joshua D. Wood,Diego Alducin,Benjamin D. Myers,Xiaolong Liu,Brandon Fisher,Ulises Santiago,Jeffrey R. Guest,Miguel Jose Yacaman,Arturo Ponce,Artem R. Oganov,Artem R. Oganov,Artem R. Oganov,Mark C. Hersam,Nathan P. Guisinger +19 more
TL;DR: At Atomic-scale characterization, supported by theoretical calculations, revealed structures reminiscent of fused boron clusters with multiple scales of anisotropic, out-of-plane buckling that are consistent with predictions of a highly an isotropic, 2D metal.
Journal ArticleDOI
Water desalination across nanoporous graphene
TL;DR: The results indicate that the water permeability of this material is several orders of magnitude higher than conventional reverse osmosis membranes, and that nanoporous graphene may have a valuable role to play for water purification.
Journal ArticleDOI
Van der Waals heterostructures and devices
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors review the recent progress and challenges of 2D van der Waals interactions and offer a perspective on the exploration of 2DLM-based vdWHs for future application in electronics and optoelectronics.
Journal ArticleDOI
Grains and grain boundaries in single-layer graphene atomic patchwork quilts
Pinshane Y. Huang,Carlos Ruiz-Vargas,Arend M. van der Zande,William S. Whitney,Mark Levendorf,Joshua W. Kevek,Shivank Garg,Jonathan S. Alden,Caleb Hustedt,Ye Zhu,Jiwoong Park,Paul L. McEuen,David A. Muller +12 more
TL;DR: This work determines the location and identity of every atom at a grain boundary and finds that different grains stitch together predominantly through pentagon–heptagon pairs, and reveals an unexpectedly small and intricate patchwork of grains connected by tilt boundaries.
Journal ArticleDOI
Noncovalent Functionalization of Graphene and Graphene Oxide for Energy Materials, Biosensing, Catalytic, and Biomedical Applications
Vasilios Georgakilas,Jitendra N. Tiwari,K. Christian Kemp,Jason A. Perman,Athanasios B. Bourlinos,Kwang S. Kim,Radek Zboril +6 more
TL;DR: This Review focuses on noncovalent functionalization of graphene and graphene oxide with various species involving biomolecules, polymers, drugs, metals and metal oxide-based nanoparticles, quantum dots, magnetic nanostructures, other carbon allotropes, and graphene analogues.
References
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Journal ArticleDOI
Raman spectrum of graphene and graphene layers.
Andrea C. Ferrari,Jannik C. Meyer,Vittorio Scardaci,Cinzia Casiraghi,Michele Lazzeri,Francesco Mauri,S. Piscanec,Da Jiang,K. S. Novoselov,S. Roth,A. K. Geim +10 more
TL;DR: This work shows that graphene's electronic structure is captured in its Raman spectrum that clearly evolves with the number of layers, and allows unambiguous, high-throughput, nondestructive identification of graphene layers, which is critically lacking in this emerging research area.
Journal ArticleDOI
Two-dimensional atomic crystals
Kostya S. Novoselov,Da Jiang,Fred Schedin,Timothy J. Booth,V. V. Khotkevich,Sergey V. Morozov,Andre K. Geim +6 more
TL;DR: By using micromechanical cleavage, a variety of 2D crystals including single layers of boron nitride, graphite, several dichalcogenides, and complex oxides are prepared and studied.
Journal ArticleDOI
The Phenomena of Rupture and Flow in Solids
TL;DR: In this article, the authors investigated the effect of surface scratches on the mechanical strength of solids, and some general conclusions were reached which appear to have a direct bearing on the problem of rupture, from an engineering standpoint, and also on the larger question of the nature of intermolecular cohesion.
Book
Physical properties of crystals
TL;DR: In this paper, the physical properties of crystals systematically in tensor notation are presented, presenting tensor properties in terms of their common mathematical basis and the thermodynamic relations between them.
Journal ArticleDOI
Strength and breaking mechanism of multiwalled carbon nanotubes under tensile load
TL;DR: The tensile strengths of individual multiwalled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) were measured with a "nanostressing stage" located within a scanning electron microscope and a variety of structures were revealed, such as a nanotube ribbon, a wave pattern, and partial radial collapse.