Measuring individual differences in empathy: Evidence for a multidimensional approach.
Citations
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5,183 citations
Cites background from "Measuring individual differences in..."
...For example, they noted that empathetic concern and perspective taking should influence both helping behavior and courtesy, and both of these traits are associated with females (Davis, 1983)....
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...For example, they noted that empathetic concern and perspective taking should influence both helping behavior and courtesy, and both of these traits are associated with females (Davis, 1983). Conversely, Kidder and McLean Parks (1993) argued that males are more likely to engage in conscientious behavior than females, because “this type of behavior suggests an exchange orientation or an emphasis on quid pro quo, frequently associated with a male preference for equity over equality....
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4,985 citations
Cites background from "Measuring individual differences in..."
...Benefits of Self-Control 285 The Interpersonal Reactivity Index (IRI; Davis, 1983) is a 28-item paper-and-pencil measure which yields two cognitively oriented empathy scales and two emotionally oriented empathy scales....
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...The Interpersonal Reactivity Index (IRI; Davis, 1983) is a 28-item paper-and-pencil measure which yields two cognitively oriented empathy scales and two emotionally oriented empathy scales....
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3,967 citations
Cites methods from "Measuring individual differences in..."
...Sample 2 (fall and winter 1990-1991) consisted of 463 San Jose State University (SJSU) undergraduates who completed the CPI and JPRF Dominance subscales; Mirels and Garrett's (1971) Protestant Work Ethic Scale; the Just World Scale (Rubin & Peplau, 1975); the fourfactor Interpersonal Reactivity Index (IRI), which measures empathy (Davis, 1983); a number of policy attitude measures; and some demographic descriptors....
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...We used Davis' (1983) multidimensional empathy scale, Super and Nevill's (1985) altruism subscale, the Personal Attribute Questionnaire (PAQ) Communality scale (Spence, Helmreich, & Stapp, 1974), and the Jackson Personality Inventory (JPI) Tolerance scale (Jackson, 1976) to test these hypotheses....
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...scale (Jackson, 1976), IRI (Davis, 1983), RSE (Rosenberg, 1965), a...
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...We first tested whether different varieties of empathy were negatively related to SDO using Davis' (1983) IRI....
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3,711 citations
Cites background from "Measuring individual differences in..."
...The second is based on visceral, emotional reactions to the others' situation (see Davis, 1983)....
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References
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