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Measuring Long-Term Inequality of Opportunity
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In this article, the authors introduce and apply a general framework for evaluating long-term income distributions according to the equality of opportunity principle, which allows for both an exante and an ex-post approach to EOP.Abstract:
In this paper, we introduce and apply a general framework for evaluating long-term income distributions according to the Equality of Opportunity principle. Our framework allows for both an ex-ante and an ex-post approach to EOp. Our ex-post approach relies on a permanent income measure defined as the minimum annual expenditure an individual would need in order to be as well off as he could be by undertaking inter-period income transfers. There is long-term ex-post inequality of opportunity if individuals who exert the same effort have different permanent incomes. In comparison, the ex-ante approach focuses on the expected permanent income for individuals with identical circumstances. Hence, the ex-ante approach pays attention to inequalities in expected permanent income between different types of individuals. To demonstrate the empirical relevance of a long-run perspective on EOp, we exploit a unique panel data from Norway on individuals' incomes over their working lifespan.read more
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Ex ante versus ex post equality of opportunity
Marc Fleurbaey,Vito Peragine +1 more
TL;DR: The authors study the difference between the ex post and the ex ante perspectives in equality of opportunity and the possibility of a clash between them, and show that the tension between reward and compensation only exists if one endorses an ex post view of EOP; on the contrary, it vanishes if one adopts an ex ante view of the same idea.
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The Intergenerational Persistence of Human Capital: An Empirical Analysis of Four Generations
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors investigated to what extent estimates based on income data from two generations accurately predicted earnings persistence beyond two generations and also did a similar analysis for intergenerational persistence in educational attainments.
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Empirical approaches to inequality of opportunity : principles, measures, and evidence
Xavier Ramos,Dirk Van de gaer +1 more
TL;DR: The authors put together the different conceptual issues involved in measuring inequality of opportunity, discuss how these concepts have been translated into computable measures, and point out the problems and choices researchers face when implementing these measures.
Inequality of Opportunity, Income Inequality and Economic Mobility: some international comparisons. Policy Research Working Paper No. 6304
TL;DR: A comparison of ex-ante measures of inequality of economic opportunity (IEO) across 41 countries, and of the Human Opportunity Index (HOI) for 39 countries is presented in this article.
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