Measuring Soil Water Content with Ground Penetrating Radar
Citations
877 citations
Cites background or methods from "Measuring Soil Water Content with G..."
...One relatively simple application of GPR for θ is measuring the travel time of the direct ground wave, which travels from the source to receiver antenna through the topmost layer of the soil (Huisman et al., 2003b; Hubbard et al., 2002)....
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...Th e most comprehensive studies of measurement error for θ are presented in Huisman et al. (2003b, 2001, 2002)....
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...…is transforming the determined dielectric constant κ to an estimate of θ. Calibration can be obtained at a fi eld site using other forms of data, such as a neutron probe or TDR (Huisman et al., 2003b), but heterogeneity below the scale of the measurement has a large impact on the κ−θ relationship....
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...…that measure ground electrical conductivity, which includes DC resistivity (Samouelian et al., 2005) and EMI (Sheets and Hendrickx, 1995), and (ii) those measuring electromagnetic wave propagation time through the ground, such as ground penetrating radar (GPR) (Knight, 2001; Huisman et al., 2003a)....
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...A variety of methods have been adopted to determine θ from GPR data and have been reviewed in Huisman et al. (2003a) and Annan (2005a,b)....
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848 citations
Cites methods from "Measuring Soil Water Content with G..."
...While the methods and protocols for ground-penetrating radar soil moisture estimation are comparatively well developed (e.g. Huisman et al. 2003, Lunt et al. 2005), the utility of electrical resistivity surveys for soil moisture estimation (e.g. Samouëlian et al. 2005) is still limited due to…...
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647 citations
Cites background from "Measuring Soil Water Content with G..."
...The most prominent examples are offground ground penetrating radar [e.g., Huisman et al., 2003; Serbin and Or, 2004, 2005; Lambot et al., 2006a, 2006b] and electromagnetic induction [e.g., Sheets and Hendrickx, 1995; Akbar et al., 2005; Corwin and Lesch, 2005]....
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596 citations
542 citations
Cites background from "Measuring Soil Water Content with G..."
...…(Weller et al., 2007; Saey et al., 2009; Rudolph et al., 2015), spectral-induced polarization (Slater et al., 2006), ground-penetrating radar (Huisman et al., 2003; Lambot et al., 2010), and gamma-ray spectroscopy (Rossel and McBratney, 1998; Rawlins et al., 2007) field NIR spectroscopy…...
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References
4,855 citations
"Measuring Soil Water Content with G..." refers background or methods in this paper
...However, evenpermittivity, ε, and volumetric soil water content, (m3 m 3), when using published petrophysical relationships derived withwas proposed by Topp et al. (1980): TDR (such as Eq....
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...A well-established in situ electromagnetic technique for soil water content investigations is time domain re- with the loss tangent defined as flectometry (TDR), which was introduced in vadose zone hydrology in the early 1980s (Topp et al., 1980)....
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1,962 citations
"Measuring Soil Water Content with G..." refers background or methods in this paper
...The average velocity between the ground surfacecenter frequency, the resolution of GPR increases with inand the anomaly, vsoil, can be determined from a GPR transectcreasing center frequency (Davis and Annan, 1989)....
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...The firstlent introduction to GPR in hydrogeological applications is class contains the methods that use a single antenna separationavailable in Davis and Annan (1989). for soil water content estimation (e.g., soil water content esti-The GPR technique is similar in principle to seismic and mation…...
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1,805 citations
1,232 citations
"Measuring Soil Water Content with G..." refers methods in this paper
...To convert these average velocities to interval velocities of each layer, vint,n, the Dix formula (Dix, 1955; Yilmaz, 1987) can be used: vint,n trw,nv 2 soil,n trw,n 1v2soil,n 1 trw,n trw,n 1 [16] where vsoil,n is the average velocity from the surface down to the bottom of layer n, vsoil,n 1 is the…...
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895 citations
"Measuring Soil Water Content with G..." refers methods in this paper
...[4]Furthermore, recent improvements in GPR technology and ε is based on dielectric mixing models, which use the volume fractions and the dielectric permittivity of each soil constituent to derive a relationship (e.g., Dobson et al., 1985; Roth et al., 1990; Friedman, 1998; Jones and Friedman, 2000)....
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...and ε is based on dielectric mixing models, which use the volume fractions and the dielectric permittivity of each soil constituent to derive a relationship (e.g., Dobson et al., 1985; Roth et al., 1990; Friedman, 1998; Jones and Friedman, 2000)....
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