Measuring static muscular strength among female operatives: a cross-sectional comparison in different handicraft occupations.
02 Jan 2021-International Journal of Occupational Safety and Ergonomics (Taylor & Francis)-Vol. 27, Iss: 1, pp 29-40
TL;DR: The need for ergonomically designed hand tool interventions that may reduce the accumulation of loss in static muscle strength is proposed, indicating that static muscular strength varies significantly due to repetitive use of hand tools.
Abstract: Purpose. Loss of static muscular strength is the most common work-related problem among handicraft workers involved in hand-intensive jobs. A cross-sectional comparative assessment was carried out to determine the muscular strength among workers involved in the manufacturing of three different crafts: weaving, hand block printing and imitation jewelry. Methods. 120 female operatives were selected, and digital grip dynamometers were used to measure their maximum hand grip and pinch strength. Results. Static muscular strength varies significantly among the different occupational groups of workers. The difference in grip strength in the right and left hands shows that exposure to hand tools for a prolonged period plays a vital role in muscle strength. These findings indicate that static muscular strength varies significantly due to repetitive use of hand tools. The observed values of muscle strength in the dominant hand were significantly lower in jewelry workers while block printing workers had the highest strength. Conclusion. The decrement in pinch grip strength was evident due to long-cycle repetitive pinching movements of the distal phalanx during hand knotting and pearl drilling. This study proposes the need for ergonomically designed hand tool interventions that may reduce the accumulation of loss in static muscle strength.
Citations
More filters
TL;DR: The study aimed to assess the hand-arm vibration, noise exposure, and shift in hearing threshold due to the prolonged use of hand tools used in three different handicraft occupations, and the insight to develop work system interventions that could prevail over HAV and noise is proposed.
Abstract: The study aimed to assess the hand-arm vibration (HAV), noise exposure, and shift in hearing threshold (SHT) due to the prolonged use of hand tools used in three different handicraft occupations. D...
3 citations
Cites background from "Measuring static muscular strength ..."
...and outdated techniques, lack of infrastructural facilities, and poor working conditions [20]....
[...]
20 Jun 2020
TL;DR: In this article, the authors have shown that the repetitive nature of handicraft work causes wrist pain, grip fatigue, and other musculoskeletal disorders among women which are multiplied with house chores.
Abstract: Indian handicrafts industry provides important segment of decentralization in India and huge employment opportunities are given to artisans including women and backward and weaker society people through this industry. Women give heavy involvement in handicraft production, but their contribution is often veiled by discourses that marginalize them providing very little critical analysis of women’s handicrafts. Grip strength is a generally used to refer the physical strength or muscular power to be generated with the hands. Results at various platforms have shown significant differences for handgrip strength (in kg) between male and female workers and to women majorly in handicraft sector. The repetitive nature of handicraft work causes wrist pain, grip fatigue, and other musculoskeletal disorders among women which are multiplied with house chores. The improved tools are helpful in reducing the grip fatigue and in increasing the work efficiency. Government and other supports to women in handicrafts sector are highly required to reduce the drudgery of women, to make the policies reach women with technical advancements, and to promote the traditional designs with new concepts.
1 citations
Cites methods from "Measuring static muscular strength ..."
...The result after validation and testing CAD models with workers showed that newly designed tool was affordable and easy to use and could also substantially improve the quality and productivity.[20]...
[...]
References
More filters
Book•
01 Dec 1969TL;DR: The concepts of power analysis are discussed in this paper, where Chi-square Tests for Goodness of Fit and Contingency Tables, t-Test for Means, and Sign Test are used.
Abstract: Contents: Prefaces. The Concepts of Power Analysis. The t-Test for Means. The Significance of a Product Moment rs (subscript s). Differences Between Correlation Coefficients. The Test That a Proportion is .50 and the Sign Test. Differences Between Proportions. Chi-Square Tests for Goodness of Fit and Contingency Tables. The Analysis of Variance and Covariance. Multiple Regression and Correlation Analysis. Set Correlation and Multivariate Methods. Some Issues in Power Analysis. Computational Procedures.
115,069 citations
TL;DR: In this article, a new statistical procedure for testing a complete sample for normality is introduced, which is obtained by dividing the square of an appropriate linear combination of the sample order statistics by the usual symmetric estimate of variance.
Abstract: The main intent of this paper is to introduce a new statistical procedure for testing a complete sample for normality. The test statistic is obtained by dividing the square of an appropriate linear combination of the sample order statistics by the usual symmetric estimate of variance. This ratio is both scale and origin invariant and hence the statistic is appropriate for a test of the composite hypothesis of normality. Testing for distributional assumptions in general and for normality in particular has been a major area of continuing statistical research-both theoretically and practically. A possible cause of such sustained interest is that many statistical procedures have been derived based on particular distributional assumptions-especially that of normality. Although in many cases the techniques are more robust than the assumptions underlying them, still a knowledge that the underlying assumption is incorrect may temper the use and application of the methods. Moreover, the study of a body of data with the stimulus of a distributional test may encourage consideration of, for example, normalizing transformations and the use of alternate methods such as distribution-free techniques, as well as detection of gross peculiarities such as outliers or errors. The test procedure developed in this paper is defined and some of its analytical properties described in ? 2. Operational information and tables useful in employing the test are detailed in ? 3 (which may be read independently of the rest of the paper). Some examples are given in ? 4. Section 5 consists of an extract from an empirical sampling study of the comparison of the effectiveness of various alternative tests. Discussion and concluding remarks are given in ?6. 2. THE W TEST FOR NORMALITY (COMPLETE SAMPLES) 2 1. Motivation and early work This study was initiated, in part, in an attempt to summarize formally certain indications of probability plots. In particular, could one condense departures from statistical linearity of probability plots into one or a few 'degrees of freedom' in the manner of the application of analysis of variance in regression analysis? In a probability plot, one can consider the regression of the ordered observations on the expected values of the order statistics from a standardized version of the hypothesized distribution-the plot tending to be linear if the hypothesis is true. Hence a possible method of testing the distributional assumptionis by means of an analysis of variance type procedure. Using generalized least squares (the ordered variates are correlated) linear and higher-order
16,906 citations
Journal Article•
TL;DR: A high correlation was seen between grip strength and age, but a low to moderate correlation between pinch strength andAge, and the newer pinch gauge used in this study appears to read higher than that used in a previous normative study.
2,101 citations
TL;DR: The statistical literature on tests to compare treatments after the analysis of variance is reviewed, and the use of these tests in ecology is examined, and particular strategies are recommended.
Abstract: The statistical literature on tests to compare treatments after the analysis of variance is reviewed, and the use of these tests in ecology is examined. Monte Carlo simulations on normal and lognormal data indicate that many of the tests commonly used are inappropriate or inefficient. Particular tests are recommended for unplanned multiple comparisons on the basis of controlling experimentwise type I error rate and providing maximum power. These include tests for parametric and nonparametric cases, equal and unequal sample sizes, homogeneous and heterogeneous variances, non-independent means (repeated measures or adjusted means), and comparing treatments to a control. Formulae and a worked example are provided. The problem of violations of assumptions, especially variance heterogeneity, was investigated using simulations, and particular strategies are recommended. The advantages and use of planned comparisons in ecology are discussed, and the philosophy of hypothesis testing with unplanned multiple comparisons is consid- ered in relation to confidence intervals and statistical estimation.
1,841 citations
TL;DR: Twenty-seven college women participated in a study to evaluate the reliability and validity of four tests of hand strength: grip, palmar pinch, key pinch, and tip pinch.
Abstract: Twenty-seven college women participated in a study to evaluate the reliability and validity of four tests of hand strength: grip, palmar pinch, key pinch, and tip pinch. Standardized positioning and instructions were followed. The results showed very high inter-rater reliability. Test-retest reliability was highest in all tests when the mean of three trials was used. Lower correlations were shown when one trial or the highest score of three trials were utilized. The Jamar dynamometer by Asimow Engineering and the pinch gauge by B&L Engineering demonstrated the highest accuracy of the instruments tested.
1,694 citations