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Journal ArticleDOI

Measuring the efficiency of decision making units

01 Nov 1978-European Journal of Operational Research (EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF OPERATIONAL RESEARCH)-Vol. 2, Iss: 6, pp 429-444
TL;DR: A nonlinear (nonconvex) programming model provides a new definition of efficiency for use in evaluating activities of not-for-profit entities participating in public programs and methods for objectively determining weights by reference to the observational data for the multiple outputs and multiple inputs that characterize such programs.
About: This article is published in European Journal of Operational Research.The article was published on 1978-11-01 and is currently open access. It has received 25433 citations till now. The article focuses on the topics: Programming paradigm & Data envelopment analysis.

Summary (2 min read)

1.1.1. Estructura jurídica del presupuesto.

  • La estructura sustancial del presupuesto público, se establece dentro de los artículos 345 a 355 de la Constitución Política de Colombia (nociones, principios y generalidades).
  • El presupuesto por su complejidad, puede clasificarse de distintas maneras: según su flexibilidad (fijo o variable), según su periodo (corto, mediano o largo plazo), según el campo que cubre (de operación o financiero), según el sector (privado o público).
  • Así mismo, puede además de ello, tener sub- clasificaciones: por institucionalidad (Entidades Nacionales y Territoriales), por objeto del gasto (Inversión o Funcionamiento), por, por programas, proyectos, entre otros; razón por la cual, al hablar de presupuesto en realidad se hace alusión un sistema presupuestal.
  • Sin embargo, para efectos de esta investigación, es pertinente concentrarse en los principios de: Planificación, Anualidad y Programación integral.

1.3. Ejecución presupuestal

  • En tal sentido, la ejecución del presupuesto de inversión, incluye tener precisión de (…) los requerimientos para adquirir compromisos y ordenación de los gastos.
  • En otras palabras, el proceso de ejecución presupuestal implica una adecuada planificación, tanto en los instrumentos de orientación de políticas (Plan de Desarrollo), como en los instrumentos de carácter operativo (PAC).

1.4. Evaluación de la ejecución presupuestaria mediante el indicador de eficiencia

  • En términos de evaluación presupuestaria, uno de los indicadores más importantes para las empresas del sector público es la eficiencia, gracias a este indicador es posible medir la gestión.
  • La gerencia pública debe orientar su acción hacia resultados para visualizar a un mayor plazo sus planes y políticas.
  • Gestión eficiente y comprometida con los resultados implica transformaciones importantes en el funcionamiento de las instituciones públicas.
  • Se requiere, entre otras cosas, desarrollar liderazgos que impulsen el cambio, incorporar técnicas modernas de gestión, establecer metas medibles de desempeño, todo ello dentro de un marco de participación y compromiso de los distintos estamentos en una gestión de mejor calidad.

1.4.1. Eficiencia.

  • El indicador de eficiencia ha sido ampliamente desarrollado desde varias perspectivas y por diversos autores; desde una visión ortodoxa, economistas clásicos como Adam Smith y David Ricardo consideran que existe una relación entre insumos y resultados que permite evaluar la optimización de los recursos mínimos para la producción de bienes (Morantes Gil, 2014, p. 36)).
  • Así mismo, las empresas evalúan su desempeño en los costos de recursos y el tiempo requerido para la ejecución de los procesos, mediante métodos de medición del desarrollo.
  • Por otro lado, la eficiencia también puede considerarse como una relación entre las estructuras administrativas y financiera y el manejo de los recursos y optimización de los mismos.

2.1. Análisis radar

  • Es un gráfico circular que generalmente es utilizado para comparar varios datos, su eje X esta denominado por la circunferencia del gráfico, donde cada eje indica el valor de cada dato especifico; este gráfico principalmente se utiliza para comparar datos analizados u observados.
  • Por lo tanto, este tipo de grafico permite lograr una mejor visualización de las variables observadas, también permite evaluar y estimar el desempeño de cada dato analizado.
  • Hay que considerar además que, el análisis grafico radar, se realiza con los datos obtenidos, una vez corrido el modelo DEA.

2.2.1. Descripción del modelo.

  • Se origino, como un modelo matemático creado por Charnes, Cooper y Rhodes, Seiford en el año 1978; utilizado para el análisis de eficiencia del programa de educación Follow-Through2 de las escuelas públicas de los Estados Unidos.
  • Así mismo, este método analiza cuál de las entradas observadas es la mejor y cuál de ellas alcanza la frontera.
  • Eficiencia técnica comparada en elevadores de granos de Argentina, bajo una aplicación de análisis envolvente de datos, also known as Fuente.

2.2.2. Aplicación del modelo DEA en la ejecución del plan mensualizado de Caja

  • Así mismo, la flexibilidad del modelo permitió que se implementaran otros modelos, “los cuales extienden a los conceptos generales expuestos previamente y que complementan la evaluación de la eficiencia simple.
  • No obstante, para poder realizar una adecuada interpretación de los resultados, se hace necesario identificar el objetivo de los rubros de inversión más representativos: Administración del Talento Humano: hace referencia al pago de los docentes, dicho rubro se paga por inversión y no por funcionamiento, ya que este dinero se recibe vía transferencia de la Nación.
  • Jornada Educativa de 40 Horas Semanales para la Excelencia Académica y la Formación Integral y Jornada Física: dicho programa buscaba implementar la jornada escolar de 40 horas semanales en los colegios oficiales del Distrito Capital.

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Citations
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Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors analyzed the impact of human capital investment on the Malmquist total factor productivity (TFP) in Malaysia, Indonesia, Philippines, Thailand and Singapore over the period 1993 to 2006.
Abstract: Over the past few decades, ASEAN countries have achieved varying levels of economic development. In this paper, the nature and extent of productivity changes of ASEAN5 countries, namely, Malaysia, Indonesia, Philippines, Thailand and Singapore, are analysed over the period 1993 to 2006. The Malmquist total factor productivity (TFP) index calculated within the framework of data envelopment analysis is next decomposed into three constituent elements accounting for different sources of productivity growth, which are technological progress, efficiency change and the effects of economies of scale. The analysis is carried out for the sample with and without human capital variable to isolate the impact of human capital investment on TFP growth in these countries. Results indicate that when human capital is included in the model, Malaysia and Singapore reported an increase in TFP and this growth in productivity is derived from both technical efficiency gain and technological progress. The model without human capital shows that there is a TFP reduction in Malaysia, Philippines and Thailand whereas Indonesia and Singapore recorded a growth in TFP. This suggests that human capital investment plays a pivotal role in driving TFP growth in Malaysia. This result will guide appropriate policy formulation in the area of human capital investment.

11 citations


Cites methods from "Measuring the efficiency of decisio..."

  • ...[5] and it involves the use of linear programming methods to construct a non-parametric piecewise surface (or frontier) over the data, so as to be able to calculate efficiencies relative to this surface....

    [...]

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors measured the technical efficiency and growth trajectory of Bangladeshi and Indonesian micro-finance institutions (MFIs) over a five-year period using data envelopment analysis (DEA).
Abstract: Purpose The purpose of this paper is to measure the technical efficiency and growth trajectory of Bangladeshi and Indonesian microfinance institutions (MFIs) The motivation for this study was derived from crucial roles that these institutions play in the socio-economic transformation of any nations, especially Bangladesh and Indonesia which are at least prominent in the Asian context in this regard Rather than “proving” impact, research endeavors have shifted to focusing on “improving” the impact of MFIs, because the ability to improve their impact as socio-economic transformation platform may be hinged on their efficiency over time Design/methodology/approach Data were obtained from MIX market database covering a five-year period from 2007 to 2011 for 20 Bangladeshi and 11 Indonesian MFIs The data obtained were subjected to both efficiency and trajectory analysis using data envelopment analysis (DEA) based on Malmquist productivity index, independent t-test, and latent growth curve modeling (LGCM) Findings Overall, DEA results indicate that both Bangladeshi and Indonesian MFIs are approximately efficient under constant returns to scale, variable returns to scale, and scale There has been an improvement in the management practices of Bangladeshi MFIs, while Indonesian MFIs have increased in optimum size Independent t-test result shows that Bangladeshi MFIs are significantly efficient in terms of performance and firm’s size compared to Indonesian MFIs, but there is no significant difference in their efficiencies with regard to technology The intercept and the slope of the regression weight in the estimated model using LGCM are not significantly different Research limitations/implications This study measures technical efficiency and growth trajectory of Bangladeshi and Indonesian MFIs over a five-year period However, future studies could explore this in greater depth by incorporating more data Practical implications The research findings have great implications for the Bangladeshi and Indonesian MFIs Since this study is among the first of its kind, the researchers have paved ways for further investigation in this area Moreover, the study encourages the Bangladeshi and Indonesian MFIs to be more concerned of their efficiencies Originality/value This study measures technical efficiency and growth trajectory of the Bangladeshi and Indonesian (MFIs) These have never been examined together in this way before

11 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors investigated the impact of public debt on economic growth using key macroeconomic channels for the period 1970-2013 in the context of India and found that public debt positively affects economic growth in the short run, while it shows a negative impact in the long run.
Abstract: This paper investigates the impact of public debt on economic growth using key macroeconomic channels for the period 1970–2013 in the context of India. The analysis is undertaken in two different steps: first, it is examined whether public debt has any nonlinear impact on economic growth and second, determines the key channels through which public debt affects economic growth. The results derived from 2SLS model show that public debt positively affects economic growth in the short run, while it shows a negative impact in the long run. Further, by using Nonlinear ARDL approach, this paper supports the existence of a nonlinear impact of public debt on economic growth. The channels through which public debt significantly affects economic growth are households saving, public investment and total factor productivity growth. From policy perspective, we suggest that government should target the public investment and productivity channels for utilizing the public debt in India, and the government should opt for borrowings as long as it leads to capital formation of the country.

11 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors assess the efficiency of electricity consumption of the households of an ageing population in 28 countries of the European Union for the period between 2005 and 2016, through the employment of the method Data Envelopment Analysis.

11 citations

References
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Journal ArticleDOI
01 May 1957

14,922 citations

Book
01 Jan 1970
TL;DR: In this article, a unified treatment of cost and production functions underlie the economic theory of production is presented, and the duality between cost function and production function is developed by introducing a cost correspondence, showing that these two functions are given in terms of each other by dual minimum problems.
Abstract: A sequel to his frequently cited Cost and Production Functions (1953), this book offers a unified, comprehensive treatment of these functions which underlie the economic theory of production. The approach is axiomatic for a definition of technology, by mappings of input vectors into subsets of output vectors that represent the unconstrained technical possibilities of production. To provide a completely general means of characterizing a technology, an alternative to the production function, called the Distance Function, is introduced. The duality between cost function and production function is developed by introducing a cost correspondence, showing that these two functions are given in terms of each other by dual minimum problems. The special class of production structures called Homothetic is given more general definition and extended to technologies with multiple outputs. Originally published in 1971. The Princeton Legacy Library uses the latest print-on-demand technology to again make available previously out-of-print books from the distinguished backlist of Princeton University Press. These paperback editions preserve the original texts of these important books while presenting them in durable paperback editions. The goal of the Princeton Legacy Library is to vastly increase access to the rich scholarly heritage found in the thousands of books published by Princeton University Press since its founding in 1905.

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TL;DR: General competitive analysis, General competitive analysis as mentioned in this paper, General Competitive Analysis (GCA), general competitive analysis (GCA), GCA, GCA(GCA), GCA
Abstract: General competitive analysis , General competitive analysis , کتابخانه دانشگاه امام صادق(ع)

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TL;DR: In this paper, the authors present a mathematical interpretation of the duality between cost and production function, and present a heuristic principle of minimum costs and a Cobb-Douglas production function.
Abstract: 1. The Process Production Function.- 2. Heuristic Principle of Minimum Costs.- 3. The Producer's Minimum Cost Function.- 4. Dual Determination of Production Function From Cost Function.- 5. Geometric Interpretation of the Duality Between Cost and Production Function.- 6. Constraints on the Factors of Production.- 7. Homothetic Production Functions.- 8. The Cobb-Douglas Production Function.- 9. The Problem of Aggregation.- 10. The Dynamics of Monopoly.

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Frequently Asked Questions (2)
Q1. What are the contributions mentioned in the paper "Diagnóstico de la eficiencia en la ejecución del plan mensualizado de caja de la secretaria de educación distrital. 2013-2015 medina fajardo diana carolina, rosas pérez yuly paola, ruiz martin simón docente: emma carrion universidad católica de colombia" ?

The modelo DEA en la ejecución del plan mensualizado de Caja de la Secretaria de Educación Distrital this paper. 

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