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Journal ArticleDOI

Mechanical and morphological properties of injection-molded rice husk polypropylene composites

TL;DR: In this paper, the physical, mechanical, and morphological properties of the rice husk flour/polypropylene composites were performed utilizing various filler loadings and coupling agent.
About: This article is published in International Journal of Polymer Analysis and Characterization.The article was published on 2016-02-29 and is currently open access. It has received 62 citations till now. The article focuses on the topics: Flexural modulus & Flexural strength.

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Summary

  • The investigation of the physical, mechanical, and morphological properties of the rice husk flour/polypropylene composites was performed utilizing various filler loadings and coupling agent.
  • In addition, to help the interaction between fiber and polypropylene matrix, struktol coupling agent was added to the composites.
  • Furthermore, the scanning electron microscope results demonstrate that as filler loading increases, more voids and fiber pullout occur.

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Citations
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Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this article, a detailed discussion on mechanical (tensile, compressive, flexural, impact strength) and tribological properties (friction and specific wear rate) have been reported.

69 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this paper, the mechanical performance deterioration of Mediterranean cellulosic pine and cypress fibers with polyethylene matrix was investigated and the overall performance of both types of fibers was shown to be better than that of pine for all considered properties.
Abstract: The synergy of the materials physical characteristics, performance and recyclability become vital for industrial sustainability. However, finding a suitable cellulosic fiber type to form potential cellulosic-based composite and investigating performance deteriorations are of paramount importance to expand sustainable design possibilities for various applications. In this work investigations of the mechanical performance deterioration of both Mediterranean cellulosic pine and cypress fibers are experimentally investigated. This was achieved by utilizing the fibers with polyethylene matrix to reveal their potential capabilities for industrial applications. Numerous composites with various parameters like fiber types, fiber loading, fiber size, and reinforcement conditions were designed to study several characteristics of the cellulosic composites, their mechanical performance deteriorations, as well as determining the optimal fiber loading condition for each particular studied mechanical property of the composites. Results demonstrate that mechanical properties are significantly changed with fiber loading. In addition, the failure mode in the high fiber loading composites is an obvious indication of the improper or ineffective load transfer between the matrix and the cellulosic fiber. Moreover, it is revealed here that the performance of cypress fibers with polyethylene matrix is much better than that of pine for the considered properties with reference to the neat polyethylene matrix. The overall performance of both types of fibers with polyethylene clearly demonstrates that the performance of cypress fibers is much better than that of pine for all considered properties.

65 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors optimized the blending parameters of banana pseudo-stem epoxy composites through response surface methodology (RSM) based on Box-Benhken design, and the predicted tensile strength value for these composites as a function of an independent variable was obtained from the ANOVA statistical approach.
Abstract: Banana pseudo-stem fibers used as a reinforcing material in synthetic matrix polymers have offered various advantages as they are environmentally friendly, have relatively low density and are abundantly available. The main factors that influence the mechanical behavior of natural composites are fiber length, fiber content, and chemical treatment. This study optimized the blending parameters of banana pseudo-stem epoxy composites through response surface methodology (RSM) based on Box–Benhken design. The predicted tensile strength value for these composites as a function of an independent variable was obtained from the ANOVA statistical approach. The analysis of the results showed that fiber length, fiber content and sodium hydroxide variables significantly in 2 factors interaction (2FI) model terms. This model was used to determine the maximum tensile stress and it was closely agreement with experimental finding with the value of R2 = 0.9973. The optimum conditions for tensile strength were identified as fiber length 3.25 mm, sodium hydroxide content 5.45 (wt%), and fiber loading 29.86 (wt%). The maximum tensile strength of optimum banana pseudo-stem epoxy composite was increased by 22% over the epoxy-resin system.

65 citations


Cites background from "Mechanical and morphological proper..."

  • ...Currently, natural fibers such as kenaf [2,3], rice husk [4], banana [5,6], and bamboo [7,8] are abundantly available in developing countries such as Malaysia, Indonesia, Thailand, and other Asian countries....

    [...]

Book ChapterDOI
01 Jan 2017
TL;DR: Process consideration and proper selection of the composite constituents and their characteristics should be extensively investigated in order to achieve good part design with bio-composites.
Abstract: Since natural fibers have many advantages, modern societies start switching for new green materials including natural fibers to contribute meeting the demand of weight reduction, environmental issues as well as customer satisfaction attributes. However, fully replacement of green bio-composites has many challenges. Inadequate availability of data regarding the performance of bio-composites due to the large variety of their constituents is the most challenging barrier in this field. A gap in the way of assessing bio-composites relative to comprehensive desired criteria for various industrial applications have been revealed. Therefore, processing consideration and proper selection of the composite constituents and their characteristics should be extensively investigated in order to achieve good part design with bio-composites. Moreover, high coefficients of safety factors are still required in such green products. Inconsistency of natural fibers properties as a major drawback as well as others that limit their applications in bio-composites are comprehensively discussed here.

63 citations


Cites methods from "Mechanical and morphological proper..."

  • ...In order to increase the adhesion between the fibers and thermoplastic matrix, chemical “coupling” agents can be used (AL-Oqla et al. 2015e; AL-Oqla and Sapuan 2014a; Aridi et al. 2016)....

    [...]

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this paper, the effects of structural reinforcing conditions on all of composites tensile strength, flexural strength, tensile modulus, flexible modulus and impact strength properties were revealed and supported with SEM results.

62 citations

References
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Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: A comprehensive review of literature on bio-fiber reinforced composites is presented in this paper, where the overall characteristics of reinforcing fibers used in biocomposites, including source, type, structure, composition, as well as mechanical properties, are reviewed.

3,074 citations


"Mechanical and morphological proper..." refers result in this paper

  • ...The impact results, on the other hand, were interpreted in Figure 7 and show that the impact strength was maximum achieved at 35% fiber loading and continuously decreased with increasing the fiber loading, which is in consistence with other results in the literature.([31]) The reduction of impact strength could be due to the detrimental effect of coupling agent as they occupied a certain volume...

    [...]

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this paper, the surface treatment of natural fibers and improving the fiber/matrix interface is discussed, with particular attention paid to the surface treatments of fibers and improvements of the fiber interface.
Abstract: Compared to most synthetic fibers, natural fibers are low-cost, are easier to handle, have good specific mechanical properties, and require only around 20–40% of the production energy. Using natural materials and modern construction techniques reduces construction waste and increases energy efficiency while promoting the concept of sustainability. Several drawbacks of natural composites which would be even more pronounced in their use in infrastructure include their higher moisture absorption, inferior fire resistance, lower mechanical properties and durability, variation in quality and price, and difficulty using established manufacturing practices when compared to synthetic composites. Many researchers have been working to address these issues, with particular attention paid to the surface treatment of fibers and improving the fiber/matrix interface. Because of their positive economic and environmental outlook, as well as their ability to uniquely meet human needs worldwide, natural composites are showing a good potential for use in infrastructure applications.

972 citations

01 Jan 2011
TL;DR: In this paper, the surface treatment of natural fibers and improving the fiber/matrix interface is discussed, with particular attention paid to the surface treatments of fibers and improvements of the fiber interface.
Abstract: Compared to most synthetic fibers, natural fibers are low-cost, are easier to handle, have good specific mechanical properties, and require only around 20–40% of the production energy. Using natural materials and modern construction techniques reduces construction waste and increases energy efficiency while promoting the concept of sustainability. Several drawbacks of natural composites which would be even more pronounced in their use in infrastructure include their higher moisture absorption, inferior fire resistance, lower mechanical properties and durability, variation in quality and price, and difficulty using established manufacturing practices when compared to synthetic composites. Many researchers have been working to address these issues, with particular attention paid to the surface treatment of fibers and improving the fiber/matrix interface. Because of their positive economic and environmental outlook, as well as their ability to uniquely meet human needs worldwide, natural composites are showing a good potential for use in infrastructure applications.

791 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors concisely review raw natural fiber/polymer matrix composites with particular focus on their mechanical properties, including specific specific strength, low density, high toughness, good thermal properties, and biodegradability.

604 citations


"Mechanical and morphological proper..." refers background in this paper

  • ...Composite materials have the ability to improve the mechanical properties of materials such as stiffness, strength, and toughness.([2,3]) Natural fiber-reinforced polymer composites (NFCs) have been considerably developed due to the concerned global environmental issues....

    [...]

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this paper, the use of natural fiber composites, produced in developing countries, has presented several social, environmental and economical advantages to design “green” automotive components.

511 citations

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Q1. What are the contributions in this paper?

In this work, the investigation of the physical, mechanical, and morphological properties of the rice husk flour/polypropylene composites was performed utilizing various filler loadings and coupling agent. Furthermore, the scanning electron microscope results demonstrate that as filler loading increases, more voids and fiber pullout occur.