Mechanical behaviour of granular materials used in analogue modelling: insights from grain characterisation, ring-shear tests and analogue experiments
TL;DR: In this article, the authors investigated the mechanical behavior of dry granular materials through ring-shear tests, grain characterisation, and simple analogue experiments analysed by X-ray computed tomography.
About: This article is published in Journal of Structural Geology.The article was published on 2006-09-01. It has received 141 citations till now. The article focuses on the topics: Granular material & Grain size.
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TL;DR: A review of different experimental setups used to investigate intraplate strike-slip tectonics can be found in this article, from the classical Riedel experiment to more sophisticated setups using brittle and viscous analogue materials.
264 citations
TL;DR: A detailed review of the main results obtained using both tectonic and geomorphic approaches can be found in this article, where the authors provide an almost complete state-of-the-art in the experimental study of relief dynamics to guide present and future researchers in their understanding of mountain belt evolution.
262 citations
Journal Article•
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors present data on a uniquecritical state angle for a very loose sand, which gives the Mohr-Coulomb condition and the known six-sided pyramid in principalstress space.
221 citations
TL;DR: In this article, two sets of sand-silicone models were first extended orthogonally at different velocities to produce dissimilar pre-inversion internal geometries, and then shortened coaxially to vary the brittle-ductile coupling.
202 citations
TL;DR: In this article, a review of model studies of brittle thrust wedges in orthogonal compression, focussing on critical taper theory, analogue and numerical techniques for modelling brittle behaviour, and the most commonly investigated variations in wedge model studies, those in basal dip, basal strength, internal strength, and surface processes.
132 citations
References
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Book•
01 Jan 1969
TL;DR: In this article, Mecanique des roches and Analyse des contraintes were used to construct Elasticite Reference Record (ER) and Elasticite reference record (ER).
Abstract: Keywords: Mecanique des roches ; Analyse des contraintes ; Elasticite Reference Record created on 2004-09-07, modified on 2016-08-08
5,214 citations
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TL;DR: This paper showed that at low normal stress the shear stress required to slide one rock over another varies widely between experiments and at high normal stress that effect is diminished and the friction is nearly independent of rock type.
Abstract: Experimental results in the published literature show that at low normal stress the shear stress required to slide one rock over another varies widely between experiments. This is because at low stress rock friction is strongly dependent on surface roughness. At high normal stress that effect is diminished and the friction is nearly independent of rock type. If the sliding surfaces are separated by gouge composed of Montmorillonite or vermiculite the friction can be very low.
3,498 citations
TL;DR: Granular materials are ubiquitous in the world around us as discussed by the authors and have properties that are different from those commonly associated with either solids, liquids, or gases, and some of the special properties of granular materials and describe recent research developments.
Abstract: Granular materials are ubiquitous in the world around us. They have properties that are different from those commonly associated with either solids, liquids, or gases. In this review the authors select some of the special properties of granular materials and describe recent research developments.[S0034-6861(96)00204-8]
2,233 citations
TL;DR: In this article, a review of the relationship between friction and the properties of earthquake faults is presented, as well as an interpretation of the friction state variable, including its interpretation as a measure of average asperity contact time and porosity within granular fault gouge.
Abstract: This paper reviews rock friction and the frictional properties of earthquake faults. The basis for rate- and state-dependent friction laws is reviewed. The friction state variable is discussed, including its interpretation as a measure of average asperity contact time and porosity within granular fault gouge. Data are summarized showing that friction evolves even during truly stationary contact, and the connection between modern friction laws and the concept of “static” friction is discussed. Measurements of frictional healing, as evidenced by increasing static friction during quasistationary contact, are reviewed, as are their implications for fault healing. Shear localization in fault gouge is discussed, and the relationship between microstructures and friction is reviewed. These data indicate differences in the behavior of bare rock surfaces as compared to shear within granular fault gouge that can be attributed to dilation within fault gouge. Physical models for the characteristic friction distance are discussed and related to the problem of scaling this parameter to seismic faults. Earthquake afterslip, its relation to laboratory friction data, and the inverse correlation between afterslip and shallow coseismic slip are discussed in the context of a model for afterslip. Recent observations of the absence of afterslip are predicted by the model.
1,714 citations
TL;DR: A new roundness scale is proposed defined by six roundness classes, defined by two sets of clay models prepared to characterize each roundness class and photographed to determine the roundness of a particle by comparison.
Abstract: A new roundness scale is proposed. This scale is defined by six roundness classes. Two sets of clay models were prepared to characterize each roundness class. One set shows a high sphericity, the other a low sphericity. Photographs of these models are used to determine the roundness of a particle by comparison.
1,406 citations