Mechanical Properties of Natural Jute Fabric/Jute Mat Fiber Reinforced Polymer Matrix Hybrid Composites
TL;DR: In this paper, the effect of skin jute fabric on the tensile and bending properties of jute mat composites was investigated for different fiber weight contents and the notch sensitivity was also compared by using the characteristic distance do calculated by Finite Element Method (FEM).
Abstract: Recycled needle punched jute fiber mats as a first natural fiber reinforcement system and these jute mats used as a core needle punched with recycled jute fabric cloths as skin layers as a second natural fiber reinforcement system were used for unsaturated polyester matrix composites via modifying the hand lay-up technique with resin preimpregnation into the jute fiber in vacuum. The effect of skin jute fabric on the tensile and bending properties of jute mat composites was investigated for different fiber weight contents. Moreover, the notch sensitivity of these composites was also compared by using the characteristic distance do calculated by Finite Element Method (FEM). The results showed that the tensile and flexural properties of jute mat composites increased by increasing the fiber weight content and by adding the jute fabric as skin layers. On the other hand, by adding the skins, the characteristic distance decreased and, therefore, the notch sensitivity of the composites increased. The fracture be...
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TL;DR: A review on the mechanical properties of natural-glass fiber reinforced polymer composites is presented in this article, where a brief review has been carried out to make use of natural fibres (such as abaca, banana, bamboo, cotton, coir, hemp, jute, pineapple, sisal etc).
315 citations
Cites background from "Mechanical Properties of Natural Ju..."
...The fracture behaviour investigated by Scanning Electron Microscopy showed that extensive fiber pull-out mechanism was revealed at the tension side of jute mat composites under the bending load and by adding the jute cloth, the failure mode of jute mat was changed to fiber bridge mechanism [45]....
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01 Sep 2021
TL;DR: In this article, the authors highlighted some of the important breakthroughs associated with the NFRPCs in terms of sustainability, eco-friendliness, and economic perspective, and elucidated the significance of using numerical models for NFRMCs.
Abstract: In the contemporary world, natural fibers reinforced polymer composite (NFRPC) materials are of great interest owing to their eco-friendly nature, lightweight, life-cycle superiority, biodegradability, low cost, noble mechanical properties. NFRPCs are widely applied in various engineering applications and this research field is continuously developing. However, the researchers are facing numerous challenges regarding the developments and applications of NFPRCs due to the inherent characteristics of natural fibers (NFs). These challenges include quality of the fiber, thermal stability, water absorption capacity, and incompatibility with the polymer matrices. Ecological and economic concerns are animating new research in the field of NFRPCs. Furthermore, considerable research is carried out to improve the performance of NFRPCs in recent years. This review highlights some of the important breakthroughs associated with the NFRPCs in terms of sustainability, eco-friendliness, and economic perspective. It also includes hybridization of NFs with synthetic fibers which is a highly effective way of improving the mechanical properties of NFRPCs along with some chemical treatment procedures. This review also elucidates the significance of using numerical models for NFRPCs. Finally, conclusions and recommendations are drawn to assist the researchers with future research directions.
121 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, two fabrics namely cotton/cotton woven fabric having cotton yarn in both warp and weft direction; and cotton/bamboo woven fabric with cotton yarn (warp direction) and bamboo yarn (weft direction) were selected.
Abstract: In this study, two fabrics namely cotton/cotton woven fabric having cotton yarn in both warp and weft direction; and cotton/bamboo woven fabric with cotton yarn (warp direction) and bamboo yarn (weft direction) were selected. Compression moulding method has been used to fabricate cotton/cotton and cotton/bamboo woven fabric reinforced composites with epoxy resin as a matrix material. The mechanical properties of cotton/cotton and cotton/bamboo reinforced composites had been compared under five different fiber loading conditions (30, 35, 40, 45 and 50 wt.%) and the fractured morphology was analyzed using scanning electron microscope. It was noted that cotton/bamboo reinforced composite with 45 wt.% fiber loading exhibited the best mechanical properties namely tensile, flexural, impact, compression, and inter laminar shear stress (ILSS), due to its weft direction of bamboo yarn.
51 citations
Cites background from "Mechanical Properties of Natural Ju..."
...[29] Elbadry Elsayed A, Aly-Hassan MohamedS, Hamada Hiroyuki....
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...% of fiber loading such that the strength does not get increase after increasing the fiber content beyond the critical fiber loading content [29]....
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TL;DR: In this article, the impact properties of glass and jute fiber reinforced epoxy composites are studied experimentally according to ASTM standards, and it is found that damage area decreases with increasing jute percentage in glass/jute hybrid composite.
Abstract: Natural fibers, especially jute fibers, have gained interest in recent decades due to their attractive mechanical properties, high cellulose percentage, low cost, biodegradability, and easy availability. In the present study, flexural and drop weight impact behavior for different weight percentages of glass and jute fiber reinforced epoxy composites are studied experimentally according to ASTM standards. The hybrid composites were prepared through the compression molding technique. Numerical simulations were performed to investigate the predictive flexural response. The leading cause of error between experimental and numerical results is the manufacturing process and the reinforcement’s woven nature. On the other hand, the impact strength was studied through drop weight testing at fixed 10 J energy. It is found that damage area decreases with increasing jute percentage in glass/jute hybrid composites, showing that jute fiber contributes more towards the composites’ impact strength than glass fiber. Therefore, jute fiber can replace glass fiber in the glass/jute hybrid composite as a natural and eco-friendly constituent. The microscopic study reveals that the outer glass fiber layer helps minimize the stress distribution of jute fiber. A significant drawback of compression molding is the epoxy affluent areas in the composite.
48 citations
TL;DR: In this article, a pendulum-type impact apparatus was used to test a symmetric unidirectional flax/epoxy composite laminate with stacking sequence [0]8S and a cross-ply laminate [0/90]4S for low velocity impact applications.
Abstract: With the resurgence of natural fibers as a viable alternative to synthetic fibers, there is a need to study their mechanical behaviour under different modes of loading. In this research, flax/epoxy composite laminates were manufactured and tested under low velocity impact loading to study the damage development on the laminates and assess their capability for low velocity impact applications. The laminates were tested using a pendulum-type impact apparatus. Two composite laminate configurations were tested: a symmetric unidirectional flax/epoxy laminate with stacking sequence [0]8S and a symmetric cross-ply flax/epoxy laminate with stacking sequence [0/90]4S. The unidirectional laminate exhibited poor and brittle behaviour under impact loading, with an energy penetration threshold of 10 J and an impact toughness of 34 kJ/m2. On the other hand, the cross-ply laminate showed better impact performance, with its energy penetration threshold and impact toughness being three and 2.5 times higher than that of the unidirectional laminate, respectively.
37 citations
References
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TL;DR: A review of natural fiber reinforced composites is presented in this paper with special reference to the type of fibers, matrix polymers, treatment of fibers and fiber-matrix interface.
Abstract: Natural fiber reinforced composites is an emerging area in polymer science. These natural fibers are low cost fibers with low density and high specific properties. These are biodegradable and non-abrasive. The natural fiber composites offer specific properties comparable to those of conventional fiber composites. However, in development of these composites, the incompatibility of the fibers and poor resistance to moisture often reduce the potential of natural fibers and these draw backs become critical issue. This review presents the reported work on natural fiber reinforced composites with special reference to the type of fibers, matrix polymers, treatment of fibers and fiber-matrix interface. © 1999 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. Adv in Polymer Techn 18: 351–363, 1999
2,210 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, two related criteria based on stress distribution are presented for predicting the uniaxial tensile strength of laminated composites containing through the thickness discontinuities of a general shape.
Abstract: Two related criteria based on stress distribution are presented for predicting the uniaxial tensile strength of laminated composites containing through the thickness discontinuities of a general shape. The criteria result in two parameter (unnotched tensile strength and a characteristic dimension) models which are capable of predicting observed discontinuity size effects without resorting to classical concepts of linear elastic fracture mechanics. As a direct consequence of the stress criteria, however, a relationship between Mode I fracture toughness and unnotched laminate tensile strength is determined. Limited comparison of theory to experimental data for circular holes and straight cracks yields good results. The simplicity of the analytical approach coupled with its generality make it of practical value to the designer.
1,463 citations
"Mechanical Properties of Natural Ju..." refers result in this paper
...The characteristic distance do according the the point stress criterion is the distance where the failure occurs when the stress σy over some distance do away from the discontinuity is equal to or greater than the strength of the unnotched material σo [35] as shown in Figure 9(b)...
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TL;DR: In this article, the effect of the shrinkage state of jute fibres on the Young's modulus of composite impact damping and yarn toughness has been investigated for both untreated and treated jute/epoxy composites.
628 citations
TL;DR: In this article, the resistance of BFRP and BGRP to hygrothermal aging and their fatigue behavior under cyclic tensile load were studied in injection molded samples were exposed in water at 25°C and at 75°C for up to 3 months.
495 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, the fiber loadings were 30, 40, 50, and 60 wt %, and at each fiber loading, compatibilizer doses were 0, 1, 2, 3 and 4 wt percent.
Abstract: Jute fibers were chopped to approximately 100 mm in length and then processed through a granulator having an 8-mm screen. Final fiber lengths were up to 10 mm maximum. These fibers along with polypropylene granules and a compatibilizer were mixed in a K-mixer at a fixed rpm, 5500, and dumped at a fixed temperature, 390°F, following single-stage procedure. The fiber loadings were 30, 40, 50, and 60 wt %, and at each fiber loading, compatibilizer doses were 0, 1, 2, 3 and 4 wt %. The K-mix samples were pressed and granulated. Finally, ASTM test specimens were molded using a Cincinnati injection molding machine. At 60% by weight of fiber loading, the use of the compatibilizer improved the flexural strength as high as 100%, tensile strength to 120%, and impact strength (unnotched) by 175%. Remarkable improvements were attained even with 1% compatibilizer only. Interface studies were carried out by SEM to investigate the fiber surface morphology, fiber pull-out, and fiber–polymer interface. © 1998 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 69: 329–338, 1998
325 citations
"Mechanical Properties of Natural Ju..." refers background in this paper
...5 MPa at 32 wt% as shown in Table 1, which is higher than the value reported by [25] where the flexural strength of raw short jute reinforced polypropylene matrix composites fabricated...
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...4 MPa at 32 wt%, as shown in Table 1, which is the same value reported by [25], where the tensile strength of raw short jute reinforced polypropylene fabricated by injection molding was between 33 and 36 MPa at 30–60 wt% fiber weight content....
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...3 GPa which is higher than that documented by [25], where the flexural modulus of raw short jute reinforced polypropylene matrix composites fabricated by injection molding was around 4....
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...8 GPa which is higher than that documented by [25] where the young’s modulus of raw short jute reinforced polypropylene matrix composites fabricated by injection molding was around 4....
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