Book•
Mechanical Properties of Polymers and Composites
14 Dec 1993-
TL;DR: In this article, the authors discuss various mechanical properties of fiber-filled composites, such as elastic moduli, creep and stress relaxation, and other mechanical properties such as stress-strain behavior and strength.
Abstract: Mechanical Tests and Polymer Transitions * Elastic Moduli * Creep and Stress Relaxation * Dynamical Mechanical Properties * Stress-Strain Behaviour and Strength * Other mechanical Properties * Particulate-Filled Polymers * Fiber- Filled Composites and Other Composites.
Citations
More filters
TL;DR: Knowledge of dynamic-mechanical properties is essential for the design of engineering components, such as antivibration mounts and sound-deadening devices as discussed by the authors, and studies of these properties have added greatly to the understanding of molecular mobility in polymers
Abstract: Knowledge of dynamic-mechanical properties is essential for the design of engineering components, such as antivibration mounts and sound-deadening devices. In addition, studies of these properties have added greatly to the understanding of molecular mobility in polymers.
81 citations
TL;DR: Novel polymer latexes were prepared that can be applied in several ways for the control and study of cell behavior on surfaces and cell attachment and morphology were seen to vary with the surface density of the RGD-bearing latex beads.
Abstract: Novel polymer latexes were prepared that can be applied in several ways for the control and study of cell behavior on surfaces. Acrylic latexes with glass transitions ranging from -30 to 100 degrees C were synthesized by dispersion polymerization in a water and alcohol solution using an amphiphilic comb copolymer as a stabilizing agent. The comb had a poly(methyl methacrylate) backbone and hydrophilic poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG) side chains, which served to stabilize the dispersion and create a robust hydrophilic coating on the final latex particles. The end groups of the comb stabilizer can be selectively functionalized to obtain latex particles with a controlled density of ligands tethered to their surfaces. Latexes were prepared with adhesion peptides (RGD) linked to the surface of the acrylic beads to induce attachment and spreading of cells. Coalesced films obtained from the RGD-bearing latex particles promoted attachment of WT NR6 fibroblasts, while films from unmodified latex particles were resistant to these cells. Additionally, RGD-linked beads were embedded in cell-resistant comb polymer films to create cell-interactive surfaces with discrete clustered-ligand domains. Cell attachment and morphology were seen to vary with the surface density of the RGD-bearing latex beads.
80 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, a modified epoxy resin with polyamino-imidazoline as a curing agent was evaluated in terms of the Izod impact strength, the critical stress intensity factor (KIC), and tensile properties at different modifier contents.
Abstract: Epoxy resins are widely used as high-performance thermosetting resins for many industrial applications, but unfortunately, some are characterized by a relatively low toughness. In this respect, many efforts have been made to improve the toughness of cured epoxy resins by the introduction of rigid particles, reactive rubbers, interpenetrating polymer networks, and thermoplastics within the matrix. In this work, kaolin as a modifier was added at different contents to improve the toughness of diglycidyl ether of bisphenol A epoxy resin with polyamino-imidazoline as a curing agent. The chemical reactions suspected of taking place during the modification of the epoxy resin were monitored and evaluated with Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. The glass-transition temperature (Tg) was measured with differential scanning calorimetry. The mechanical behavior of the modified epoxy resin was evaluated in terms of the Izod impact strength (IS), the critical stress intensity factor (KIC), and tensile properties at different modifier contents. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) was used to elucidate the mechanisms of deformation and toughening in addition to other morphological features. Finally, the adhesive properties of the modified epoxy resin were measured in terms of tensile shear strength (TSS). With the addition of kaolin, the reactivity test revealed that the gel time and temperature, exotherm peak, and cure time were reduced. Infrared spectra showed the existence of a chemical reaction between kaolin and the epoxy resin. The presence of kaolin caused a steady decrease in Tg by about 10°C until 15-phr kaolin was reached prior to leveling off. Most of the tensile properties attained a peak at an approximately 10-phr kaolin content where the toughening reached its maximum. The modulus increased linearly from 1.85 to 2.7 GPa with increasing kaolin content. For both notched and unnotched specimens, a twofold increase in Izod IS was obtained by the addition of just 10-phr kaolin compared to the unfilled resin. On the addition of kaolin, the Izod IS varied from 0.85 to 1.53 kJ/m2 for notched specimens and from 4.19 to 8.32 kJ/m2 for unnotched specimens, whereas KIC varied from 0.91 to 2.63 MPa m1/2 with increasing kaolin content. The adhesive properties, evaluated in terms of TSS, increased from 9.14 to 15.02 MPa. SEM analysis revealed that the prevailing toughening mechanism for the epoxy resin under consideration was localized plastic shear yielding induced by the presence of kaolin particles associated with crack pinning. © 2001 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 82: 861–878, 2001
80 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors analyzed the cure process of a trifunctional epoxy resin filled with glass beads using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and found that the primary amines were the most useful band in the monitoring process due to the absence of overlapping.
80 citations
TL;DR: Imitation cheeses containing 3% native-maize, wheat, potato or rice starch were manufactured and the microstructure, meltability, texture and dynamic rheology of these products were compared to a control (0% starch) as discussed by the authors.
Abstract: Imitation cheeses containing 3% native-maize, wheat, potato or rice starch were manufactured and the microstructure, meltability, texture and dynamic rheology of these products were compared to a control (0% starch). Fat globules in starch-containing products (except potato) were smaller than in the control a evidenced by electron microscopy. All starches reduced meltability and cohesiveness of the imitation cheeses. Hardness was increased by wheat, potato or maize starch but reduced by waxy-maize or rice starch. Starches significantly reduced tan δ peaks compared to the control with potato starch having the greatest effect. Rice starch appears to have the most potential as a partial casein substitute in imitation cheese. Des succedanes de fromage compose de 3 % d'amidon de mais, de mais waxy, de ble, de pomme de terre, ou de riz sont fabriques. Leurs proprietes rheologiques, leur texture, et leur microstructure sont etudiees. Les globules lipidiques sont plus petits dans les succedanes (suaf celui a l'amidon de pomme de terre). Le filant et la cohesion des succedanes sont reduits. Les succedanes a base d'amidon de ble, de pomme de terre ou de mais sont plus durs alors que ceux a base d'amidon de mais waxy ou de riz sont plus mous. L'amidon de riz est le meilleur succedane de caseine dans le fromage.
80 citations