Mechanisms of gene silencing by double-stranded RNA
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...> U6-St_tracrRNA(7-97) GAGGGCCTATTTCCCATGATTCCTTCATATTTGCATATACGATACAAGGCTGTTAGAGAGATAA TTGGAATTAATTTGACTGTAAACACAAAGATATTAGTACAAAATACGTGACGTAGAAAGTAATA ATTTCTTGGGTAGTTTGCAGTTTTAAAATTATGTTTTAAAATGGACTATCATATGCTTACCGTA ACTTGAAAGTATTTCGATTTCTTGGCTTTATATATCTTGTGGAAAGGACGAAACACCGTTACTT AAATCTTGCAGAAGCTACAAAGATAAGGCTTCATGCCGAAATCAACACCCTGTCATTTTATGGC AGGGTGTTTTCGTTATTTAA...
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...In humans, four of the eight proteins are from the Ago clade and associate with both siRNAs and miRNAs (Meister and Tuschl, 2004; Tomari and Zamore, 2005), but little difference has been reported thus far in the populations of small RNAs that they bind, so the degree of functional specialization in…...
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...These dsRNAs are processed by Dicer into the siRNAs that direct silencing (Meister and Tuschl, 2004; Tomari and Zamore, 2005). siRNAs were originally observed during transgene- and virus-induced silencing in plants (Mello and Conte, 2004), consistent with a natural role in genome defense (Figure 2)....
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...Single-stranded forms of both miRNAs and siRNAs were found to associate with effector assemblies (Meister and Tuschl, 2004) known as RNA-induced silencing complexes (RISCs) (Hammond et al., 2000)....
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...…RNase III enzymes had long been characterized as dsRNA-specific nucleases, enzymes with RNase III domains were promptly recognized as primary candidates in the search for miRNA/ siRNA biogenesis factors, and confirmation of this role came quickly (Meister and Tuschl, 2004; Tomari and Zamore, 2005)....
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...N IH -PA Author M anuscript N IH -PA Author M anuscript N IH -PA Author M anuscript them from their precursors, and Ago proteins to support their silencing effector functions (Meister and Tuschl, 2004; Tomari and Zamore, 2005) (Figure 1A)....
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"Mechanisms of gene silencing by dou..." refers background in this paper
...gif" NDATA ITEM> ]> First discovered in plants, where it was known as post-transcriptional gene silencing, RNA silencing or RNA interference (RNAi...
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"Mechanisms of gene silencing by dou..." refers background in this paper
...miRNAs are transcribed as long primary transcripts, which are first processed by Drosha in the nucleu...
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