Journal ArticleDOI
Mechanisms of real and apparent priming effects and their dependence on soil microbial biomass and community structure: critical review
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TLDR
It is concluded that priming effects can be linked with microbial community structure only considering changes in functional diversity and involves not only one mechanism but a succession of processes partly connected with succession of microbial community and functions.Abstract:
The number of studies on priming effects (PE) in soil has strongly increased during the last years. The information regarding real versus apparent PE as well as their mechanisms remains controversial. Based on a meta-analysis of studies published since 1980, we evaluated the intensity, direction, and the reality of PE in dependence on the amount and quality of added primers, the microbial biomass and community structure, enzyme activities, soil pH, and aggregate size. The meta-analysis allowed revealing quantitative relationships between the amounts of added substrates as related to microbial biomass C and induced PE. Additions of easily available organic C up to 15% of microbial biomass C induce a linear increase of extra CO2. When the added amount of easily available organic C is higher than 50% of the microbial biomass C, an exponential decrease of the PE or even a switch to negative values is often observed. A new approach based on the assessment of changes in the production of extracellular enzymes is suggested to distinguish real and apparent PE. To distinguish real and apparent PE, we discuss approaches based on the C budget. The importance of fungi for long-term changes of SOM decomposition is underlined. Priming effects can be linked with microbial community structure only considering changes in functional diversity. We conclude that the PE involves not only one mechanism but a succession of processes partly connected with succession of microbial community and functions. An overview of the dynamics and intensity of these processes as related to microbial biomass changes and C and N availability is presented.read more
Citations
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Priming effects : interactions between living and dead organic matter
TL;DR: In this paper, a re-evaluation of our 10-year old paper on priming effects is presented, and the most important needs for future research are identified and evaluated.
Journal ArticleDOI
Soil organic matter turnover is governed by accessibility not recalcitrance
TL;DR: In this article, the authors explore how advances in quantitative analytical techniques have redefined the new understanding of SOM dynamics and how this is affecting the development and application of new modelling approaches to soil C.
Priming effects: interactions between living and dead organic matter
TL;DR: In this paper, a re-evaluation of our 10-year old paper on priming effects is presented, and the most important needs for future research are identified and evaluated.
Journal ArticleDOI
Competition between roots and microorganisms for nitrogen: mechanisms and ecological relevance
TL;DR: In this article, the authors evaluate competitive and mutualistic interactions between plants and microorganisms and analyse the ecological consequences of these interactions in the rhizosphere, and they find that despite strong competition between roots and micro-organisms for N, a temporal niche differentiation reflecting their generation times leads to mutualistic relationships in the root network.
Journal ArticleDOI
Soil C and N availability determine the priming effect: microbial N mining and stoichiometric decomposition theories
Ruirui Chen,Ruirui Chen,Mehmet Senbayram,Mehmet Senbayram,Sergey Blagodatsky,Sergey Blagodatsky,Olga Myachina,Klaus Dittert,Klaus Dittert,Xiangui Lin,Evgenia Blagodatskaya,Evgenia Blagodatskaya,Yakov Kuzyakov +12 more
TL;DR: Both K- and r-strategists were beneficial for priming effects, with an increasing contribution of K-selected species under N limitation, which supports the microbial mining theory in terms of N limitation and confirms the stoichiometric decomposition theory.
References
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TL;DR: In this article, the authors present an overview of the role of soil in the formation and evolution of Soil Microbiology and Biochemistry in Perspective, as well as its relationship with Soil Organisms.
Journal ArticleDOI
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Review of mechanisms and quantification of priming effects.
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors reveal possible causes and processes leading to priming actions using the references on agricultural ecosystems and model experiments, and summarize in Tables for positive and negative real and apparent priming effects induced after the addition of different organic and mineral substances to the soil.