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Journal Article•DOI•

Methane production by mixed ruminal cultures incubated in dual-flow fermentors.

Jong-Su Eun1, V. Fellner1, Marcia L. Gumpertz1•
North Carolina State University1
01 Jan 2004-Journal of Dairy Science (Elsevier)-Vol. 87, Iss: 1, pp 112-121
TL;DR: Dilution rate and forage-to-concentrate ratio altered the partition of substrate by microbes and underestimated methane output at higher dilution rates and with high forage diets.
About: This article is published in Journal of Dairy Science.The article was published on 2004-01-01 and is currently open access. It has received 70 citations till now. The article focuses on the topics: Dilution.
Citations
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Journal Article•DOI•
Hydrogen production by fermentative consortia

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Idania Valdez-Vazquez1, Héctor M. Poggi-Varaldo2•
Ensenada Center for Scientific Research and Higher Education1, CINVESTAV2
01 Jun 2009-Renewable & Sustainable Energy Reviews
TL;DR: The different methods used to inhibit the H2-consuming bacteria are analyzed, such as biokinetic control, heat-shock treatment and chemical inhibitors along with their advantages/disadvantages for their application on an industrial scale.
Abstract: In this work, H2 production by anaerobic mixed cultures was reviewed. First, the different anaerobic microbial communities that have a direct relation with the generation or consumption of H2 are discussed. Then, the different methods used to inhibit the H2-consuming bacteria are analyzed (mainly in the methanogenesis phase) such as biokinetic control (low pH and short hydraulic retention time), heat-shock treatment and chemical inhibitors along with their advantages/disadvantages for their application on an industrial scale. After that, biochemical pathways of carbohydrate degradation to H2, organic acids and solvents are showed. Fourth, structure, diversity and dynamics of H2-producers communities are detailed. Later, the hydrogenase structure and activity is related with H2 production. Also, the causes for H2 production inhibition are analyzed along with strategies to avoid it. Finally, immobilized-cells systems are presented as a way to enhance H2 production.

347 citations

Journal Article•DOI•
Effects of exogenous fibrolytic enzymes on in vitro ruminal fermentation of substrates with different forage:concentrate ratios

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L. A. Giraldo1, L. A. Giraldo2, María L. Tejido1, M. J. Ranilla1, María Dolores Carro1 •
University of León1, National University of Colombia2
01 Apr 2008-Animal Feed Science and Technology
TL;DR: In this article, the effects of three fibrolytic enzymes (xylanase from Trichoderma viride (XYL), endoglucanase from Aspergillus niger (ASP) and Trichodorma longibrachiatum (TR)) on the fermentation of three substrates composed of grass hay:

95 citations

Journal Article•DOI•
Influence and strategies for enhanced biohydrogen production from food waste

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G. Kumaravel Dinesh1, Rohit Chauhan1, Sankar Chakma1•
Indian Institute of Science Education and Research, Bhopal1
01 Sep 2018-Renewable & Sustainable Energy Reviews
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors have shown that the use of nanoparticles in fermentation process along with the application of short and cyclic ultrasound is beneficial to increase the process efficiency and the augmentation in ultrasound-assisted process is due to the physical and chemical effects of ultrasound in the medium through the phenomenon of cavitation.
Abstract: The growing of food waste generation is gradually becoming a global problem due to the improper management of it. According to the Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO), United Nation, more than 1.3 million tonnes of food is being wasted. Food waste and food processing waste are abundant - which are rich in organic acids and nutrients. These acids and nutrients can be utilized for attractive and efficient generation of renewable and sustainable fuels such as biohydrogen through fermentation process. Many investigations have revealed a significant biohydrogen generation using food wastes from restaurant, dining hall and food processing industries. During the hydrogen generation through fermentation, several parameters influence the yield of hydrogen. Some of them are method of pre-treatment, feed composition, fermentation temperature, culture and substrate, solution pH, etc. Also, the presence of inert intermediates produced during the reaction in fermentation process reduces the process efficiency. Few studies have shown that the use of nanoparticles in fermentation process along with the application of short & cyclic ultrasound is beneficial to increase the process efficiency. The augmentation in ultrasound-assisted process is due to the physical and chemical effects of ultrasound in the medium through the phenomenon of cavitation. During the transient collapse of cavitation bubbles, several reactive species are produced which further participate in the thermochemical and biochemical reactions. Thus, enhances the rate of reaction by annihilation the complex sugars in food wastes. Additionally, the cavitational effect helps to reduce the growth of hydrogen inhibiting microorganism in the feed. This review demonstrates the potentiality of food waste for production of biohydrogen through fermentation process including a brief overview of process parameters that affect the fermentation process. Additionally, an overview of integrated fermentative process coupled with nanoparticles and ultrasound is also discussed for enhanced biohydrogen generation from food waste.

89 citations

Journal Article•DOI•
Development and evaluation of empirical equations to predict feed passage rate in cattle

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Seongwon Seo1, Luis O Tedeschi1, Cristina Lanzas1, C.G. Schwab2, Danny G. Fox1 •
Cornell University1, University of New Hampshire2
28 May 2006-Animal Feed Science and Technology
TL;DR: In this paper, a random coefficients model that used each study effect as a random variable was used to select statistically significant input variables to predict rate of passage for all classes of dairy and beef cattle.

75 citations

Additional excerpts

  • ..., 2004) and microbial growth (Eun et al., 2004; Owens and Goetsch, 1986)....

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Journal Article•DOI•
Methane production from commercial dairy rations estimated using an in vitro gas technique

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G. Getachew1, P.H. Robinson1, Edward J. DePeters1, S.J. Taylor1, D.D. Gisi1, G.E. Higginbotham2, T.J. Riordan •
University of California, Davis1, University of California, Berkeley2
30 Sep 2005-Animal Feed Science and Technology
TL;DR: In this article, an in vitro gas production technique was used to measure total gas and methane (CH4) production from commercial total mixed rations (TMR) for lactating dairy cows.

73 citations

References
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Journal Article•DOI•
Energy conservation in chemotrophic anaerobic bacteria.

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Rudolf K. Thauer, K Jungermann, Karl Decker
01 Mar 1977-Bacteriological Reviews
TL;DR: This article corrects the article on p. 100 in vol.
Abstract: [This corrects the article on p. 100 in vol. 41.].

3,345 citations

"Methane production by mixed ruminal..." refers background in this paper

  • ...The dilution rates tested in the present study were similar to those used by Isaacson et al. (1975) and, therefore, the yield of microbial biomass per mol ATP (YATP) was set to be 7.5, 11.6, and 16.7 mg/mmol ATP for dilution rates of 3.2, 6.3, and 12.5%/h, respectively....

    [...]

  • ...Hydrogen and CO2 are the major precursors of CH4 formation in the rumen (Hungate, 1967), and most methanogens can utilize these substrates to generate ATP (Thauer et al., 1977)....

    [...]

  • ...Consequently, microbial biomass from glucose consumption was calculated as: Microbial biomass (g/d) = 0.8 YATP (2 Acetate, mmol/d + 3 Propionate, mmol/d + 3 Butyrate, mmol/d + CH4, mmol/d)/1,000 Energy contents of acetate, propionate, butyrate, valerate, isobutyrate, and isovalerate were used to estimate digestible energy....

    [...]

  • ...The direct source of CO2 is the fermentation of glucose by various pathways yielding VFA, ATP, and CO2....

    [...]

  • ...However, changing dilution rates did affect the efficiency of microbial protein synthesis that was reported to be 7.5, 11.6, and 16.7 g of cells/mol of ATP at fractional dilution rates of 2, 6, and 12%/h, respectively (Isaacson et al., 1975)....

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The rumen and its microbes.

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Robert E. Hungate
01 Jan 1966

2,848 citations

"Methane production by mixed ruminal..." refers background in this paper

  • ...Most species of rumen microbes are capable of fermenting various substrates resulting in similar end products (Hungate, 1966), and some have switched end products depending on their growth rate (Russell and Wallace, 1997)....

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Estimation of the energetic feed value obtained from chemical analysis and in vitro gas production using rumen fluid

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Kh Menke
01 Jan 1988

2,370 citations

"Methane production by mixed ruminal..." refers background in this paper

  • ...Because the composition of the end products influences the amount of gas produced, a close relationship between the two has been reported (Naga and Harmeyer, 1975; Taya et al., 1980; Menke and Steingass, 1988)....

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Journal Article•DOI•
The estimation of the digestibility and metabolizable energy content of ruminant feedingstuffs from the gas production when they are incubated with rumen liquor in vitro

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K. H. Menke1, L. Raab1, A. Salewski1, Herbert Steingass1, D. Fritz1, W. Schneider1 •
University of Hohenheim1
01 Aug 1979-The Journal of Agricultural Science
TL;DR: A rapid method for measuring gas production during incubation of feedingstuffs with rumen liquor in vitro was described and gas production in 24 h from 200 mg feed dry matter was well correlated with digestibility of organic matter, determined in vivo with sheep.
Abstract: A rapid method for measuring gas production during incubation of feedingstuffs with rumen liquor in vitro is described. Gas production in 24 h from 200 mg feed dry matter was well correlated with digestibility of organic matter, determined in vivo with sheep. Multiple regression analysis, when it included data from proximate analysis, resulted in an equation ( R = 0·98) for prediction of metabolizable energy content, based on 30 experiments with rations varying in protein and crude fibre content, and 59 other experiments with concentrates. Energy content was in the range of 7·7–13·2 MJ ME/kg D.M. ( ± S.D. = 11·17 ± 1·08). The residual standard deviation of the equation was 0·25 MJ. Gas production was measured in calibrated syringes. The only chemical determinations needed are dry matter, protein and fat. Differences in activity between batches of rumen liquor are corrected by reference to gas production with standard feedingstuffs (hay meal and maize starch).

1,759 citations

"Methane production by mixed ruminal..." refers background in this paper

  • ...Stoichiometric equations relating substrate degradation to VFA and gas production have been developed and are commonly used to estimate digestibility of ruminant feeds (Wolin, 1960; Russell and Baldwin, 1979; Menke et al., 1979; Van Soest, 1994)....

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Book•DOI•
The Rumen microbial ecosystem

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P. N. Hobson, C. S. Stewart
01 Jan 1997
TL;DR: Development of, and natural fluctuations in, rumen microbial populations, and the consequences of these fluctuations are studied.
Abstract: Introduction. Rumen bacteria. Rumen anaerobic fungi. Protozoa. Development of, and natural fluctuations in, rumen microbial populations. Energy yielding and consuming reactions. Metabolism of nitrogen-containing compounds. Polysaccharide degradation. Lipid metabolism. Genetics of rumen bacteria. Microbe-microbe interactions. Compartmentation. Manipulation of rumen fermentation. Toxin degradation. Modelling. Gnotobiotics. Conclusions. References. Index.

1,413 citations

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Methods for dietary fiber, neutral detergent fiber, and nonstarch polysaccharides in relation to animal nutrition.

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01 Oct 1991-Journal of Dairy Science
P.J. Van Soest, J. B. Robertson, Betty A. Lewis
Methane emissions from cattle.

[...]

01 Aug 1995-Journal of Animal Science
Kristen A. Johnson, D E Johnson, D E Johnson
Official Methods of Analysis

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01 Feb 1980
William Horwitz
Nutritional Ecology of the Ruminant

[...]

12 Aug 1994
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Estimation of the energetic feed value obtained from chemical analysis and in vitro gas production using rumen fluid

[...]

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