Methods of Experimental Physics.
01 May 1960-Journal of the American Chemical Society (American Chemical Society)-Vol. 82, Iss: 9, pp 2404-2404
About: This article is published in Journal of the American Chemical Society.The article was published on 1960-05-01. It has received 182 citations till now.
Citations
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TL;DR: The cold target recoil ion momentum spectroscopy (COLTRIMS) is a momentum space imaging technique for the investigation of the dynamics of ionizing ion, electron or photon impact reactions with atoms or molecules as mentioned in this paper.
985 citations
Cites background from "Methods of Experimental Physics."
...This was the reason why the measurement of the momentum of the recoil ion was for a long time not seriously exploited as an alternative high-resolution spectroscopy technique in ion-atom collisions [38]....
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TL;DR: The Bioeffects Committee of the American Institute of Ultrasound in Medicine outlines the wide range of therapeutic ultrasound methods, which are in clinical use or under study, and provides general guidance for ensuring therapeutic ultrasound safety.
Abstract: Applications of ultrasound in medicine for therapeutic purposes have been accepted and beneficial uses of ultrasonic biological effects for many years. Low-power ultrasound of about 1 MHz has been widely applied since the 1950s for physical therapy in conditions such as tendinitis and bursitis. In the 1980s, high-pressure-amplitude shock waves came into use for mechanically resolving kidney stones, and "lithotripsy" rapidly replaced surgery as the most frequent treatment choice. The use of ultrasonic energy for therapy continues to expand, and approved applications now include uterine fibroid ablation, cataract removal (phacoemulsification), surgical tissue cutting and hemostasis, transdermal drug delivery, and bone fracture healing, among others. Undesirable bioeffects can occur, including burns from thermal-based therapies and severe hemorrhage from mechanical-based therapies (eg, lithotripsy). In all of these therapeutic applications of ultrasound bioeffects, standardization, ultrasound dosimetry, benefits assurance, and side-effect risk minimization must be carefully considered to ensure an optimal benefit to risk ratio for the patient. Therapeutic ultrasound typically has well-defined benefits and risks and therefore presents a manageable safety problem to the clinician. However, safety information can be scattered, confusing, or subject to commercial conflicts of interest. Of paramount importance for managing this problem is the communication of practical safety information by authoritative groups, such as the American Institute of Ultrasound in Medicine, to the medical ultrasound community. In this overview, the Bioeffects Committee of the American Institute of Ultrasound in Medicine outlines the wide range of therapeutic ultrasound methods, which are in clinical use or under study, and provides general guidance for ensuring therapeutic ultrasound safety.
495 citations
Book•
[...]
31 Aug 2003
TL;DR: The Neutron Data Booklet as mentioned in this paper is a pocketbook that covers the wide field of neutron scattering, which was published by the International Lightweight Laboratory (ILL) in the early 1990s.
Abstract: T o make freely available a small pocketbook that covers the wide field of neutron scattering, is clearly an idea which was timely. The first edition of 5000 copies was absorbed by the growing neutron community worldwide within a few months of being published. The obvious need for a second edition has allowed certain corrections to be made to the first edition – inevitable given the speed with which it was written and printed – and to rectify some omissions – notably a new chapter on diffraction methods on continuous sources by Alan Hewat and Garry McIntyre. I want to thank Christian Vettier, ILL's Science Director, who is at the origin of this project and the two editors Gerry Lander from Kalsruhe and José Dianoux from Grenoble who have energetically pursued and implemented the idea, and of course the authors who have once again responded admirably to a tight deadline. W elcome to the Neutron Data Booklet. The success of the X-ray and Nuclear Physics Booklets, and the ever-increasing number of neutron users, has led the ILL in collaboration with Old City Publishing, to compile this "little book of facts." We are first grateful to Christian Vettier of the ILL who persuaded us to undertake this task and helped in many ways in getting people to cooperate. We thank all those who contributed most sincerely; we realise that this is not a research document, and therefore lacking in real excitement. On the other hand, we hope they (and you the reader) will find it above all "useful" and get to feel that having one in your pocket is part of the dress code for a practicing neutron scatterer. Our thanks to the secretarial help at the ILL, who are listed. They gainfully struggled over tables to format and kept their cool. Although this document was produced at the ILL, we recognise the importance of spallation neutrons, and we hope you will find all you need about neutrons in general in the pages. The editors would like to be informed of both errors and omissions so that these may be corrected in future editions and for when the information is loaded onto the web. In particular, suggestions for further tables or chapters will be warmly received, especially if they are accompanied by a "volunteer author"! Finally, thanks to Ian Mellanby and Guy Griffiths of Old City Publishing for following through with …
187 citations
TL;DR: The authors have reviewed the available literature to assess the biologic effects of shock waves on human musculoskeletal tissues, the credibility of published studies on therapeutic applications, and the potential for more widespread application of this modality to various skeletal and near-skeletal disorders.
Abstract: Extracorporeal shock wave therapy, which now is used routinely for urolithiasis, has gained increasing acceptance in Europe for some musculoskeletal problems and has led to the inception of clinical studies in the United States. The authors have reviewed the available literature to assess the biologic effects of shock waves on human musculoskeletal tissues, the credibility of published studies on therapeutic applications, and the potential for more widespread application of this modality to various skeletal and near-skeletal disorders. The primary advantage of extracorporeal shock wave therapy is its noninvasive nature and seemingly minimal complications when applied to musculoskeletal tissues.
177 citations
TL;DR: A new independent value for the electron's mass in units of the atomic mass unit is presented, m(e) = 0.000 548 579 909 2(4) u.
Abstract: A new independent value for the electron's mass in units of the atomic mass unit is presented, ${m}_{e}\phantom{\rule{0ex}{0ex}}=\phantom{\rule{0ex}{0ex}}0.0005485799092(4)\mathrm{u}$. The value is obtained from our recent measurement of the $g$ factor of the electron in ${}^{12}{\mathrm{C}}^{5+}$ in combination with the most recent quantum electrodynamical (QED) predictions. In the QED corrections, terms of order ${\ensuremath{\alpha}}^{2}$ were included by a perturbation expansion in $Z\ensuremath{\alpha}$. Our total precision is three times better than that of the accepted value for the electron's mass.
175 citations
References
More filters
TL;DR: The cold target recoil ion momentum spectroscopy (COLTRIMS) is a momentum space imaging technique for the investigation of the dynamics of ionizing ion, electron or photon impact reactions with atoms or molecules as mentioned in this paper.
985 citations
TL;DR: The Bioeffects Committee of the American Institute of Ultrasound in Medicine outlines the wide range of therapeutic ultrasound methods, which are in clinical use or under study, and provides general guidance for ensuring therapeutic ultrasound safety.
Abstract: Applications of ultrasound in medicine for therapeutic purposes have been accepted and beneficial uses of ultrasonic biological effects for many years. Low-power ultrasound of about 1 MHz has been widely applied since the 1950s for physical therapy in conditions such as tendinitis and bursitis. In the 1980s, high-pressure-amplitude shock waves came into use for mechanically resolving kidney stones, and "lithotripsy" rapidly replaced surgery as the most frequent treatment choice. The use of ultrasonic energy for therapy continues to expand, and approved applications now include uterine fibroid ablation, cataract removal (phacoemulsification), surgical tissue cutting and hemostasis, transdermal drug delivery, and bone fracture healing, among others. Undesirable bioeffects can occur, including burns from thermal-based therapies and severe hemorrhage from mechanical-based therapies (eg, lithotripsy). In all of these therapeutic applications of ultrasound bioeffects, standardization, ultrasound dosimetry, benefits assurance, and side-effect risk minimization must be carefully considered to ensure an optimal benefit to risk ratio for the patient. Therapeutic ultrasound typically has well-defined benefits and risks and therefore presents a manageable safety problem to the clinician. However, safety information can be scattered, confusing, or subject to commercial conflicts of interest. Of paramount importance for managing this problem is the communication of practical safety information by authoritative groups, such as the American Institute of Ultrasound in Medicine, to the medical ultrasound community. In this overview, the Bioeffects Committee of the American Institute of Ultrasound in Medicine outlines the wide range of therapeutic ultrasound methods, which are in clinical use or under study, and provides general guidance for ensuring therapeutic ultrasound safety.
495 citations
Book•
[...]
31 Aug 2003
TL;DR: The Neutron Data Booklet as mentioned in this paper is a pocketbook that covers the wide field of neutron scattering, which was published by the International Lightweight Laboratory (ILL) in the early 1990s.
Abstract: T o make freely available a small pocketbook that covers the wide field of neutron scattering, is clearly an idea which was timely. The first edition of 5000 copies was absorbed by the growing neutron community worldwide within a few months of being published. The obvious need for a second edition has allowed certain corrections to be made to the first edition – inevitable given the speed with which it was written and printed – and to rectify some omissions – notably a new chapter on diffraction methods on continuous sources by Alan Hewat and Garry McIntyre. I want to thank Christian Vettier, ILL's Science Director, who is at the origin of this project and the two editors Gerry Lander from Kalsruhe and José Dianoux from Grenoble who have energetically pursued and implemented the idea, and of course the authors who have once again responded admirably to a tight deadline. W elcome to the Neutron Data Booklet. The success of the X-ray and Nuclear Physics Booklets, and the ever-increasing number of neutron users, has led the ILL in collaboration with Old City Publishing, to compile this "little book of facts." We are first grateful to Christian Vettier of the ILL who persuaded us to undertake this task and helped in many ways in getting people to cooperate. We thank all those who contributed most sincerely; we realise that this is not a research document, and therefore lacking in real excitement. On the other hand, we hope they (and you the reader) will find it above all "useful" and get to feel that having one in your pocket is part of the dress code for a practicing neutron scatterer. Our thanks to the secretarial help at the ILL, who are listed. They gainfully struggled over tables to format and kept their cool. Although this document was produced at the ILL, we recognise the importance of spallation neutrons, and we hope you will find all you need about neutrons in general in the pages. The editors would like to be informed of both errors and omissions so that these may be corrected in future editions and for when the information is loaded onto the web. In particular, suggestions for further tables or chapters will be warmly received, especially if they are accompanied by a "volunteer author"! Finally, thanks to Ian Mellanby and Guy Griffiths of Old City Publishing for following through with …
187 citations
TL;DR: The authors have reviewed the available literature to assess the biologic effects of shock waves on human musculoskeletal tissues, the credibility of published studies on therapeutic applications, and the potential for more widespread application of this modality to various skeletal and near-skeletal disorders.
Abstract: Extracorporeal shock wave therapy, which now is used routinely for urolithiasis, has gained increasing acceptance in Europe for some musculoskeletal problems and has led to the inception of clinical studies in the United States. The authors have reviewed the available literature to assess the biologic effects of shock waves on human musculoskeletal tissues, the credibility of published studies on therapeutic applications, and the potential for more widespread application of this modality to various skeletal and near-skeletal disorders. The primary advantage of extracorporeal shock wave therapy is its noninvasive nature and seemingly minimal complications when applied to musculoskeletal tissues.
177 citations
TL;DR: A new independent value for the electron's mass in units of the atomic mass unit is presented, m(e) = 0.000 548 579 909 2(4) u.
Abstract: A new independent value for the electron's mass in units of the atomic mass unit is presented, ${m}_{e}\phantom{\rule{0ex}{0ex}}=\phantom{\rule{0ex}{0ex}}0.0005485799092(4)\mathrm{u}$. The value is obtained from our recent measurement of the $g$ factor of the electron in ${}^{12}{\mathrm{C}}^{5+}$ in combination with the most recent quantum electrodynamical (QED) predictions. In the QED corrections, terms of order ${\ensuremath{\alpha}}^{2}$ were included by a perturbation expansion in $Z\ensuremath{\alpha}$. Our total precision is three times better than that of the accepted value for the electron's mass.
175 citations