Microalgae Chlorella as a potential bio-energy feedstock
TL;DR: In this paper, Chlorella sp. MP-1 biomass was examined for its physical and chemical characteristics using Bomb calorimeter, TGDTA, CHN and FTIR.
About: This article is published in Applied Energy.The article was published on 2011-10-01. It has received 308 citations till now. The article focuses on the topics: Biomass to liquid & Biomass.
Citations
More filters
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors briefly enlightened a few concepts of HTL such as the elemental composition of bio-crude obtained by HTL, different types of feedstock adopted for HTL processes, possible process flow diagrams of both wet and dry biomass and energy efficiency of the process.
Abstract: The rapid depletion of conventional fossil fuels and day-by-day growth of environmental pollution due to use of extensive use of fossil fuels have raised concerns over the use of the fossil fuels; and thus search for alternate renewable and sustainable sources for fuels has started in the last few decades. In this context biomass derived fuels seems to be the promising path; and various routes are available for the biomass processing such as pyrolysis, transesterification, hydrothermal liquefaction, steam reforming, etc.; and the hydrothermal liquefaction (HTL) of wet biomass seems to be the promising route. Therefore, this article briefly enlightened a few concepts of HTL such as the elemental composition of bio-crude obtained by HTL, different types of feedstock adopted for HTL, mechanism of HTL processes, possible process flow diagrams for HTL of both wet and dry biomass and energy efficiency of the process. In addition, this article also enlisted possible future research scope for concerned researchers and a few of them are setting up HTL plant suitable for both wet and dry biomass feedstock; analysing influence of parameters such as temperature, pressure, residence time, catalytic effects, etc.; deriving optimized pathways for better conversion; and development of theoretical models representing the process to the best possible accuracy depending on nature of feedstock.
755 citations
TL;DR: This comprehensive review article spots the light on one of the most interesting microalga Chlorella vulgaris and assembles the history and a thorough description of its ultrastructure and composition according to growth conditions.
Abstract: Economic and technical problems related to the reduction of petroleum resources require the valorisation of renewable raw material Recently, microalgae emerged as promising alternative feedstock that represents an enormous biodiversity with multiple benefits exceeding the potential of conventional agricultural feedstock Thus, this comprehensive review article spots the light on one of the most interesting microalga Chlorella vulgaris It assembles the history and a thorough description of its ultrastructure and composition according to growth conditions The harvesting techniques are presented in relation to the novel algo-refinery concept, with their technological advancements and potential applications in the market
677 citations
TL;DR: It is suggested that it is possible to utilize municipal wastewater to replace nutrients in seawater medium and use flue gas to provide CO2 in the cultivation of oil-bearing marine microalgae for biodiesel.
333 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, a sustainable approach for utilizing plant and microalgal oils as feedstocks for biodiesel has been discussed and the emerging cost effective methods in production of biodiesel have been described.
Abstract: The production of biodiesel can be accomplished using a variety of feedstock sources. Plant and microalgae based feedstocks are prominent and are studied extensively. Plant based feedstocks cultivated as monoculture on wastelands and trees in forests can cater towards partial fulfillment of feedstock requirements for biodiesel industry. Synthesis of biodiesel from microalgal oil has gathered immense interest and has potential to cater to the increasing feedstocks demands of the biodiesel industry. The major advantage offered by microalgal oil, as compared to plant based oils, is its potential for culture on non-arable land. Despite of the advantages of microalgal oil as a feedstock for biodiesel, there are constraints that have to be overcome in order to make it economical and sustainable. Sustainable approaches for both the plant and microalgae as feedstocks have been drawn. Despite there being several plant species, few have been found to be desirable as feedstocks for biodiesel production based on their lipid profiles. Among the microalgae, there are thousands of species and several of these have been cultured for extracting the oil to explore their feasibility in utilization as biodiesel feedstocks. Though, several of the microalgal species have shown potential for high biomass growth and lipid productivity, only a few have been found to provide a high biodiesel yield and conversion. Due to the several steps involved in the extraction of oil which are energy intensive, the cost of biodiesel from microalgal oil is high as compared with that obtained from the plant oils. A sustainable approach for utilizing plant and microalgal oils as feedstocks for biodiesel have been discussed. The emerging cost effective methods in production of biodiesel have been described. The energy return and greenhouse gas emissions from biodiesel have been outlined. Together, the plant oil and microalgal oil can offer potential source of feedstocks for the production of biodiesel. (C) 2013 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
269 citations
Cites background from "Microalgae Chlorella as a potential..."
...59 [153] NCV1⁄415....
[...]
...Table 8 depicts the calorific value obtained from microalgae and plant species [30,103,150,153–155]....
[...]
TL;DR: Better emulsifying capacity was obtained when protein solubilisation takes place at pH=7 and when using proteins from permeate of tangential ultrafiltration, and stability of microalgae proteins remained comparable or higher than the commercial ingredients such as sodium caseinate.
234 citations
Cites background from "Microalgae Chlorella as a potential..."
...vulgaris is a photosynthetic microorganisms with a fast growth rate (Phukan et al., 2011) industrially produced for its lipid but also high protein contents used respectively in biofuel area and human food (Becker, 2007; Lubitz, 1961; Morris et al....
[...]
...C. vulgaris is a photosynthetic microorganisms with a fast growth rate (Phukan et al., 2011) industrially produced for its lipid but also high protein contents used respectively in biofuel area and human food (Becker, 2007; Lubitz, 1961; Morris et al., 2009; Seyfabadi et al., 2011)....
[...]
References
More filters
Journal Article•
TL;DR: Procedures are described for measuring protein in solution or after precipitation with acids or other agents, and for the determination of as little as 0.2 gamma of protein.
289,852 citations
TL;DR: The lipid decomposition studies in frozen fish have led to the development of a simple and rapid method for the extraction and purification of lipids from biological materials that has been applied to fish muscle and may easily be adapted to use with other tissues.
Abstract: Lipid decomposition studies in frozen fish have led to the development of a simple and rapid method for the extraction and purification of lipids from biological materials. The entire procedure can...
46,099 citations
TL;DR: As demonstrated here, microalgae appear to be the only source of renewable biodiesel that is capable of meeting the global demand for transport fuels.
9,030 citations
TL;DR: The potential of a restored landfill site to act as a biomass source, providing fuel to supplement landfill gas-fuelled power stations, is examined, together with a comparison of the economics of power production from purpose-grown biomass versus waste-biomass.
4,162 citations