Microbial dysbiosis in colorectal cancer (CRC) patients.
Iradj Sobhani,Julien Tap,Françoise Roudot-Thoraval,Jean Pierre Roperch,Sophie Letulle,Philippe Langella,Gérard Corthier,Jeanne Tran Van Nhieu,Jean Pierre Furet +8 more
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TLDR
This is the first large series to demonstrate a composition change in the microbiota of colon cancer patients with possible impact on mucosal immune response and 80% of all sequences could be assigned to a total of 819 taxa based on default parameter of Classifier software.Abstract:
The composition of the human intestinal microbiota is linked to health status. The aim was to analyze the microbiota of normal and colon cancer patients in order to establish cancer-related dysbiosis. Patients and Methods: Stool bacterial DNA was extracted prior to colonoscopy from 179 patients: 60 with colorectal cancer, and 119 with normal colonoscopy. Bacterial genes obtained by pyrosequencing of 12 stool samples (6 Normal and 6 Cancer) were subjected to a validated Principal Component Analysis (PCA) test. The dominant and subdominant bacterial population (C. leptum, C. coccoides, Bacteroides/Prevotella, Lactobacillus/Leuconostoc/Pediococcus groups, Bifidobacterium genus, and E. coli, and Faecalibacterium prausnitzii species) were quantified in all individuals using qPCR and specific IL17 producer cells in the intestinal mucosa were characterized using immunohistochemistry. Findings: Pyrosequencing (Minimal sequence 200 nucleotide reads) revealed 80% of all sequences could be assigned to a total of 819 taxa based on default parameter of Classifier software. The phylogenetic core in Cancer individuals was different from that in Normal individuals according to the PCA analysis, with trends towards differences in the dominant and subdominant families of bacteria. Consequently, All-bacteria [log(10) (bacteria/g of stool)] in Normal, and Cancer individuals were similar [11.88 +/- 0.35, and 11.80 +/- 0.56, respectively, (P = 0.16)], according to qPCR values whereas among all dominant and subdominant species only those of Bacteroides/Prevotella were higher (All bacteria-specific bacterium; P = 0.009) in Cancer (-1.04 +/- 0.55) than in Normal (-1.40 +/- 0.83) individuals. IL17 immunoreactive cells were significantly expressed more in the normal mucosa of cancer patients than in those with normal colonoscopy. Conclusion: This is the first large series to demonstrate a composition change in the microbiota of colon cancer patients with possible impact on mucosal immune response. These data open new filed for mass screening and pathophysiology investigations.read more
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Role of the Microbiota in Immunity and Inflammation
Yasmine Belkaid,Timothy W. Hand +1 more
TL;DR: In high-income countries, overuse of antibiotics, changes in diet, and elimination of constitutive partners, such as nematodes, may have selected for a microbiota that lack the resilience and diversity required to establish balanced immune responses.
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Inflammation-induced cancer: crosstalk between tumours, immune cells and microorganisms.
Eran Elinav,Roni Nowarski,Christoph A. Thaiss,Bo Hu,Chengcheng Jin,Richard A. Flavell,Richard A. Flavell +6 more
TL;DR: It is proposed that understanding this microbial influence will be crucial for targeted therapy in modern cancer treatment and the recently suggested role of commensal microorganisms in inflammation-induced cancer is discussed.
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The microbiome and cancer
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors discuss links between the bacterial microbiota and cancer, with a particular focus on immune responses, dysbiosis, genotoxicity, metabolism and strategies to target the microbiome for cancer prevention.
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Structural segregation of gut microbiota between colorectal cancer patients and healthy volunteers
Tingting Wang,Guoxiang Cai,Yunping Qiu,Na Fei,Menghui Zhang,Xiaoyan Pang,Wei Jia,Sanjun Cai,Liping Zhao +8 more
TL;DR: Reduction of butyrate-producing bacteria in the gut microbiota of CRC patients and increase of opportunistic pathogens may constitute a major structural imbalance of gut microbiota in CRC patients.
Journal ArticleDOI
Potential of fecal microbiota for early‐stage detection of colorectal cancer
Georg Zeller,Julien Tap,Anita Y. Voigt,Shinichi Sunagawa,Jens Roat Kultima,Paul I. Costea,Aurelien Amiot,Jürgen Böhm,Francesco Brunetti,Nina Habermann,Rajna Hercog,Moritz Koch,Alain Luciani,Daniel R. Mende,Martin Schneider,Petra Schrotz-King,Christophe Tournigand,Jeanne Tran Van Nhieu,Takuji Yamada,Jürgen Zimmermann,Vladimir Benes,Matthias Kloor,Matthias Kloor,Matthias Kloor,Cornelia M. Ulrich,Cornelia M. Ulrich,Magnus von Knebel Doeberitz,Magnus von Knebel Doeberitz,Magnus von Knebel Doeberitz,Iradj Sobhani,Peer Bork,Peer Bork +31 more
TL;DR: CRC‐associated changes in the fecal microbiome at least partially reflected microbial community composition at the tumor itself, indicating that observed gene pool differences may reveal tumor‐related host–microbe interactions.
References
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