Micropropagation of Withania somnifera from germinating seeds and shoot tips
TL;DR: Shoot multiplication was achieved in vitro from shoot tips of aseptically germinated seedlings of Withania somnifera L. with direct multiple shoot initiation from germinating seeds in the presence of BA alone.
Abstract: Shoot multiplication was achieved in vitro from shoot tips of aseptically germinated seedlings of Withania somnifera L. using low concentrations of 6-benzyladenine (BA), viz. 2.2, 4.4 and 8.9 μM. Maximum number of shoots were obtained when 2.3 μM 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D) or 2.5 μM indolebutyric acid (IBA) was added to medium containing 4.4 μM BA during initiation of shoot multiplication, but not when added later. Direct multiple shoot initiation was also obtained from germinating seeds in the presence of BA alone. Rooting was successful in excised shoots grown on growth regulator-free MS medium. Rooted shoots were successfully established in soil in a greenhouse.
Citations
More filters
TL;DR: A plant regeneration method has been developed for Polianthes tuberosa using outer and inner scales of bulb as explants and well developed mericlones were successfully shifted into green house for acclimatization.
Abstract: A plant regeneration method has been developed for Polianthes tuberosa. Outer and inner scales of bulb were used as explants. Both explants were cultured on Murashige and Skoog (1962) medium containing 3% sucrose with different concentrations of benzylaminopurine (BAP), naphthalene acetic acid (NAA) and thidiazuron (TDZ). Multiple shoots were induced directly from the scales of explants. The formation of shoots from outer scales showed a slight difference from inner ones. The optimal concentration of BAP for inducing shoot formation was found to be 3.0 mg/L. Regeneration frequency was highest (93%) when explants were cultured on this MS medium. Another growth regulator that played an important role in shoot formation was TDZ (18 µM). Regenerated shoots transferred to MS medium supplemented with 2.5 mg/L BAP combined with 0.5 mg/L NAA and 0.1 mg/L kinetin increased multiple shooting rates. Also, roots were formed when media was supplemented with different concentrations of NAA. The rooting frequency was highest in MS medium with 1 mg/L NAA. Well developed mericlones were successfully shifted into green house for acclimatization.
8 citations
Cites background from "Micropropagation of Withania somnif..."
..., 1990) and Withania somnifera (Sen and Sharma, 1991) and P....
[...]
...…medicinal and aromatic plant species, including Chlorophytum borivilianum (Purohit et al., 1994), Oscimum spp. (Pattnaik and Chand, 1996), Piper spp. (Bhat et al., 1995), Pogostemon cablin (Kukreja et al., 1990) and Withania somnifera (Sen and Sharma, 1991) and P. tuberosa (Nagash et al., 2009)....
[...]
TL;DR: Explant suitability study found that in vitro grown leaf explants were superior over nodal explants for multiple shoot induction and proliferation and Regenerated plantlets retained all tested bioactive compounds and bioactivity properties like the donor plant thus maintaining medicinal fidelity.
8 citations
Journal Article•
TL;DR: In terms of in vitro genotypic response, genotype WS-100 was found significantly superior to WS-134 for the most of the attributes investigated and brought out possibility of mass-scale in vitro (micropropagation) production of Indian Ashwagandha cultivars.
Abstract: The explants with higher regeneration potential raised through in vitro germination of seeds of two genotypes of Withania somnifera namely: WS-100 and WS-134 were cultured on MS basal media fortified with 0.6mg/ml BAP and 0.4 mg/ml IAA. Culture medium MS + 0.2 mg/l BAP + 30.0 gm/l sucrose + 7.5 gm/l agar, induced callus in higher frequencies in both the varieties. While in multiple shooting, maximum shoots were observed in WS 100 with MS+0.2 mg/lit BAP+0.2 mg/lit IAA and in WS 134 with MS+0.3mg/l BAP + 0.2 mg/l IAA. Higher in vitro rooting response was achieved on rooting medium MS + 5.0 mg/1 IBA + 25.0 gm/1 sucrose + 7.5 gm/1 agar in WS 100 and in WS 134 with MS +0.6 mg/l BAP+ 2.5 mg/1 IBA + 25.0 gm/1 sucrose + 7.5 gm/1 agar. In terms of in vitro genotypic response, genotype WS-100 was found significantly superior to WS-134 for the most of the attributes investigated. Regenerated plantlets were established successfully in the field after primary and secondary hardening. The present investigation brought out possibility of mass-scale in vitro (micropropagation) production of Indian Ashwagandha cultivars.
7 citations
Cites background from "Micropropagation of Withania somnif..."
...In the earlier studies, it was attempted to produce tissue culture plants using shoot tips[12] and axillary buds[8] as explant sources of wild plant of Ashwagandha....
[...]
...Micropropagation of Withania somnifera employs different explants such as shoot tips, auxiliary meristems, auxiliary leaves, auxiliary shoot and hypocotyl and root segments has been demonstrated[12]....
[...]
DOI•
23 Jan 2013
TL;DR: In vitro propagation of Tecomella undulata using nodal segments of mature trees was refined and correlation studies on different classes of shoot length and rooting revealed that the rooting percentage increases with the increase in shoot length.
Abstract: Tecomella undulata (Marwar teak) is valuable timber yielding tree of Rajasthan. Micropropagation techniques are desirable in this species but commercially viable technique is still lacking. Thus in vitro propagation of Tecomella undulata using nodal segments of mature trees was refined. The in vitro shoot cultures can be established throughout the year but the most favourable months for bud break (75%) was January and February. Maximum 73% bud break with average 2.6 cm shoot length was observed on Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium supplemented with 0.54 µM NAA and 8.8 µM BA. Shoots derived from the apical part of the propagule resulted in highest increment in shoot length (33.3 mm) and shoot number (2.0) after four weeks when cultured on MS + 4.4 µM BA medium. In vitro regenerated shoots were rooted maximally (43.3%) by dip treatment for 15 minutes in NAA (537.06 µM) & Indole -3-butyric acid (IBA) solution (492.1 µM) followed by transfer on ½ strength Gamborg (B5) basal medium in Jan-March months. Additives like Ascorbic Acid (567.8 µM) and Thiamine HCl (29.6 µM) were found best for root length and root number respectively. But, interaction of these additives was antagonistic for rooting. Correlation studies on different classes of shoot length and rooting revealed that the rooting percentage increases with the increase in shoot length. Shoots less than 2.5 cm long do not root. The rooted plantlets were successfully hardened. Flowering was also observed in tissue culture plants in first year as well as in second year.
7 citations
Cites background from "Micropropagation of Withania somnif..."
...[37], Withania somnifera [38] and Pogostemon cablin [39]....
[...]
TL;DR: An efficient protocol was developed for highly regenerative capacity from leaf explant of Withania somnifera (L.) Dunal ‐ an endangered medicinal plant, which showed 85% survival rate.
Abstract: An efficient protocol was developed for highly regenerative capacity from leaf explant of Withania somnifera (L.) Dunal ‐ an endangered medicinal plant. Calli were regenerated from four different explants like leaves, cotyledons, hypocotyls and epicotyls. MS supplemented with different concentrations of 2,4 ‐ D, BAP and NAA were used. The calli (94.33 ± 1.20%) were obtained from the leaf explant in 2,4 ‐ D 3.0 mg/l. The highest number of multiple shoots (85.67 ± 0.88%) were obtained from the leaf callus at 4.0 mg/l BAP. Shootlets forming calli were transferred to the rooting medium containing 10.0 mg/l NAA to produce multiple roots (89.33 ± 0.88%). The regenerated rooted shootlets were transferred to small polythene bags, which contain a sterilized cow ‐ dung, sand and red soil (1 : 2 : 3) and kept in a mist house. After acclimation in the mist house the regenerated plantlets were hardened in the greenhouse and transferred to soil, which showed 85% survival rate. This new protocol was standardized for easy mass propagation of W. somnifera using leaf explant. Plant Tissue Cult. & Biotech. 23 (1): 79 ‐ 85, 2013 (June) DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/ptcb.v23i1.15564
7 citations
References
More filters
TL;DR: In vivo redox biosensing resolves the spatiotemporal dynamics of compartmental responses to local ROS generation and provide a basis for understanding how compartment-specific redox dynamics may operate in retrograde signaling and stress 67 acclimation in plants.
Abstract: In experiments with tobacco tissue cultured on White's modified medium (basal meditmi hi Tnhles 1 and 2) supplemenk'd with kiticthi and hidoleacctic acid, a slrikin^' fourlo (ive-told intTease iu yield was ohtaitu-d within a three to Tour week j^rowth period on addition of an aqtteotis exlrarl of tobacco leaves (Fi^'ures 1 and 2). Subse(iueutly it was found Ihiit this jnoniotiou oi' f^rowih was due mainly though nol entirely to inorj^auic rather than organic con.stitttenls in the extract. In the isolation of Rrowth factors from plant tissues and other sources inorj '̂anic salts are fre(|uently carried along with fhe organic fraclioits. When tissue cultures are used for bioassays, therefore, il is necessary lo lake into account increases in growth which may result from nutrient elements or other known constituents of the medium which may he present in the te.st materials. To minimize interference trom rontaminaitis of this type, an altempt has heen made to de\\eh)p a nieditmi with such adequate supplies of all re(iuired tnineral nutrients and cotntnott orgattic cottslitueitls that no apprecial»le change in growth rate or yield will result from the inlroduclion of additional amounts in the range ordinarily expected to be present in tnaterials to be assayed. As a point of referetice for this work some of the culture media in mc)st common current use will he cotisidered briefly. For ease of comparis4)n Iheir mineral compositions are listed in Tables 1 and 2. White's nutrient .solution, designed originally for excised root cultures, was based on Uspeuski and Uspetiskaia's medium for algae and Trelease and Trelease's micronutrieni solution. This medium also was employed successfully in the original cttltivation of callus from the tobacco Iiybrid Nicotiana gtauca x A', tanijadorffii, atitl as further modified by White in 194̂ ^ and by others it has been used for the
63,098 citations
01 Jan 1962
16,251 citations
01 Jan 1985
TL;DR: From Metabolism and Osmotic Work to Totipotency and Morphogenesis: A Study of Limitations Versus Multiple Interactions.
Abstract: I From Metabolism and Osmotic Work to Totipotency and Morphogenesis: A Study of Limitations Versus Multiple Interactions.- II Primary Metabolism.- Photosynthetic Carbon Metabolism in Photoautotrophic Cell Suspension Cultures of Chenopodium rubrum L..- On the Photosynthetic System and Assimilate Metabolism of Daucus and Arachis Cell Cultures.- Regulation of Carbon and Nitrogen Assimilation Pathways in Tobacco Cell Suspension Cultures in Relation with Ultrastructural and Biochemical Development of the Photosynthetic Apparatus.- Application of Gas Analysis to Continuous Culture.- Carbohydrate Source, Biomass Productivity and Natural Product Yield in Cell Suspension Cultures.- Nitrogen Metabolism of Leaf and Microspore Callus of Betula pendula.- III Secondary Metabolism.- 4-Coumarate: CoA Ligase in Wild Carrot Cell Culture Clones Which Accumulate Different Amounts of Anthocyanin.- Induction of Anthocyanin Synthesis in Relation to Embryogenesis in a Carrot Suspension Culture - A Model System for the Study of Expression and Repression of Secondary Metabolism.- Metabolism of Quinolizidine Alkaloids in Plants and Cell Suspension Cultures: Induction and Degradation.- Production of Alkaloids by Ergot (Claviceps fusiformis Lov.) on Pennisetum typhoides (Burm.) Stapf and Hubb. in Vitro.- Compartmentation of Alkaloids in a Cell Suspension of Catharanthus roseus: A Reappraisal of the Role of pH Gradients.- Studies on Variability of Plant Tissue Cultures for Alkaloid Production in Catharanthus roseus and Papaver somniferum Callus Cultures.- Biosynthesis and Accumulation of Indole Alkaloids in Cell Suspension Cultures of Catharanthus roseus Cultivars.- Formation of Cardenolides in Cell and Organ Cultures of Digitalis lanata.- Metabolism of Caffeoyl Derivatives in Plant Cell Cultures.- Metabolic Relationships of Putrescine, GABA and Alkaloids in Cell and Root Cultures of Solanaceae.- Metabolism and Degradation of Nicotinic Acid in Plant Cell Cultures.- Plant Cell and Tissue Culture of Cinchona Species.- The Production of Pyrethrins by Chrysanthemum cinerariaefolium (Trev) Bocc..- Biosynthesis of Chorismate-Derived Quinones in Plant Cell Cultures.- The Role of Leucine in Terpenoid Metabolism: Incorporation of Leucine into Sesquiterpenoids and Phytosterols by Andrographis Tissue Cultures.- Accumulation of Antineoplastic Agents by Plant Tissue Cultures.- Induction of Enzymes of Phytoalexin Synthesis in Soybean Cells by Fungal Elicitor.- Protoplast Fusion of Secondary Metabolite-Producing Cells.- Conventional and New Approaches to Increase the Alkaloid Production of Plant Cell Cultures.- Multiple Shoot Cultures: A Viable Alternative in Vitro System for the Production of Known and New Biologically Active Plant Constituents.- IV Fermentation and Cryopreservation.- Large-Scale Production of Rosmarinic Acid from Plant Cell Cultures of Coleus blumei Benth..- Immobilised Plant Cell Culture Systems.- Biotransformation of Cardiac Glycosides by Digitalis Cell Cultures in Airlift Reactors.- Cryopreservation of Plant Cell Cultures.- V Herbicides.- Altered Amino Acid Biosynthesis in Amino Acid Analog and Herbicide-Resistant Cells.- Acetohydroxyacid Synthase Inhibitors as Herbicides.- A Glyphosate-Tolerant Plant Tissue Culture.- VI Plant Cell Culture - Future Perspectives.
321 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, the inheritance characteristics of various substituents on the withanolide skeleton were analyzed based on the occurrence in per cent of each substituent in relation to the total withanolides content in the hybrid plants and their respective parents.
43 citations
TL;DR: Of the cytokinins tested, benzylaminopurine (BAP) was more effective than either 2-isopentenyladenine (2iP) or kinetin (Kin) and produced maximum proliferation when used at 5×10-6M.
Abstract: Successful vegetative propagation of seedling jackfruit (Artocarpus heterophyllus Lam.) has been achieved by in vitro methods. Proliferation from nodal explants was greater than from shoot tips. Of the cytokinins tested, benzylaminopurine (BAP) was more effective than either 2-isopentenyladenine (2iP) or kinetin (Kin) and produced maximum proliferation when used at 5×10-6M. Shoot proliferation was optimal at 30°C with a 12 h photoperiod. Optimal rooting of shoots in vitro was obtained with indolebutyric acid (IBA) at 10-6M. The number and length of roots was significantly increased in 12 h light as compared with the dark.
40 citations