MicroRNAs and other non-coding RNAs as targets for anticancer drug development
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TLDR
The roles of miRNAs and lncRNAs in cancer are summarized, with a focus on the recently identified novel mechanisms of action, and the current strategies in designing ncRNA-targeting therapeutics are discussed.Abstract:
The first cancer-targeted microRNA (miRNA) drug - MRX34, a liposome-based miR-34 mimic - entered Phase I clinical trials in patients with advanced hepatocellular carcinoma in April 2013, and miRNA therapeutics are attracting special attention from both academia and biotechnology companies. Although miRNAs are the most studied non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) to date, the importance of long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) is increasingly being recognized. Here, we summarize the roles of miRNAs and lncRNAs in cancer, with a focus on the recently identified novel mechanisms of action, and discuss the current strategies in designing ncRNA-targeting therapeutics, as well as the associated challenges.read more
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Journal ArticleDOI
Long Noncoding RNAs in Cancer Pathways
Adam M. Schmitt,Howard Y. Chang +1 more
TL;DR: It is understood that lncRNAs drive many important cancer phenotypes through their interactions with other cellular macromolecules including DNA, protein, and RNA, making these molecules attractive targets for therapeutic intervention in the fight against cancer.
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The emerging role of lncRNAs in cancer
TL;DR: The strategies that led to the identification of cancer-related lncRNAs and the methodologies and challenges involving the study of these molecules are discussed, as well as the imminent applications of these findings to the clinic.
Journal ArticleDOI
Long Noncoding RNA and Cancer: A New Paradigm.
TL;DR: The emerging functions and association of lncRNAs in different types of cancer and their potential implications in cancer diagnosis and therapy are reviewed.
A Large Intergenic Noncoding RNA Induced by p53 Mediates Global Gene Repression in the p53 Response
Maite Huarte,Mitchell Guttman,Mitchell Guttman,David M. Feldser,Manuel Garber,Magdalena J. Koziol,Magdalena J. Koziol,Daniela Kenzelmann-Broz,Ahmad M. Khalil,Ahmad M. Khalil,Or Zuk,Ido Amit,Michal Rabani,Laura D. Attardi,Aviv Regev,Aviv Regev,Eric S. Lander,Eric S. Lander,Eric S. Lander,Tyler Jacks,John L. Rinn,John L. Rinn +21 more
TL;DR: In this paper, the identification of lincRNAs (lincRNA-p21) that serve as a repressor in p53-dependent transcriptional responses was reported, and the observed transcriptional repression was mediated through the physical association with hnRNP-K at repressed genes and regulation of p53 mediates apoptosis.
Journal ArticleDOI
ceRNA in cancer: possible functions and clinical implications
TL;DR: The mechanisms and molecular bases of ceRNA networks are introduced, their roles in the pathogenesis of cancer as well as methods of predicting and validating ceRNA interplay are discussed and the possibilities of ceRNAs as diagnostic biomarkers or therapeutic targets are envisioned.
References
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Journal ArticleDOI
MicroRNAs: Target Recognition and Regulatory Functions
TL;DR: The current understanding of miRNA target recognition in animals is outlined and the widespread impact of miRNAs on both the expression and evolution of protein-coding genes is discussed.
Journal ArticleDOI
An integrated encyclopedia of DNA elements in the human genome
TL;DR: The Encyclopedia of DNA Elements project provides new insights into the organization and regulation of the authors' genes and genome, and is an expansive resource of functional annotations for biomedical research.
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Exosome-mediated transfer of mRNAs and microRNAs is a novel mechanism of genetic exchange between cells
TL;DR: It is shown that exosomes contain both mRNA and microRNA, which can be delivered to another cell, and can be functional in this new location, and it is proposed that this RNA is called “exosomal shuttle RNA” (esRNA).
Journal ArticleDOI
MicroRNA expression profiles classify human cancers
Jun Lu,Gad Getz,Eric A. Miska,Eric A. Miska,Ezequiel Alvarez-Saavedra,Justin Lamb,David Peck,Alejandro Sweet-Cordero,Alejandro Sweet-Cordero,Benjamin L. Ebert,Benjamin L. Ebert,Raymond H. Mak,Raymond H. Mak,Adolfo A. Ferrando,James R. Downing,Tyler Jacks,H. Robert Horvitz,H. Robert Horvitz,Todd R. Golub,Todd R. Golub,Todd R. Golub +20 more
TL;DR: A new, bead-based flow cytometric miRNA expression profiling method is used to present a systematic expression analysis of 217 mammalian miRNAs from 334 samples, including multiple human cancers, and finds the miRNA profiles are surprisingly informative, reflecting the developmental lineage and differentiation state of the tumours.
Journal Article
An integrated encyclopedia of DNA elements in the human genome.
TL;DR: The Encyclopedia of DNA Elements project provides new insights into the organization and regulation of the authors' genes and genome, and is an expansive resource of functional annotations for biomedical research.
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