Mild cognitive impairment
01 Jan 2017-pp 426
TL;DR: In the literature on aging and dementia, Mild Cognitive Impaired (MCI) refers to persons who are slightly cognitively impaired for age but do not meet the criteria for dementia as discussed by the authors.
Abstract: Mild cognitive impairment (MCI) is a popular topic in the literature on aging and dementia. This condition refers to persons who are slightly cognitively impaired for age but do not meet the criteria for dementia. Many longitudinal studies addressing these persons are underway, and data are emerging regarding neuroimaging features and the underlying neuropathology of MCI. Clinical trials are being conducted to determine if any treatments might be effective at preventing the progression to dementia.
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TL;DR: Support-Vector-Machine has been successfully applied in the context of disease diagnosis, transition prediction and treatment prognosis, using both structural and functional neuroimaging data, and those studies that applied it to the investigation of Alzheimer's disease, schizophrenia, major depression, bipolar disorder, presymptomatic Huntington's disease and autistic spectrum disorder are reviewed.
872 citations
TL;DR: The MoCA is a suitably accurate, brief test when screening all levels of cognition in Parkinson disease, by comparison with a PD-focused test and the standardized Mini-Mental State Examination as benchmarks.
Abstract: Objective: To establish the diagnostic accuracy of the Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) when screening externally validated cognition in Parkinson disease (PD), by comparison with a PD-focused test (Scales for Outcomes in Parkinson disease–Cognition [SCOPA-COG]) and the standardized Mini-Mental State Examination (S-MMSE) as benchmarks. Methods: A convenience sample of 114 patients with idiopathic PD and 47 healthy controls was examined in a movement disorders center. The 21 patients with dementia (PD-D) were diagnosed using Movement Disorders Society criteria, externally validated by detailed independent functional and neuropsychological tests. The 21 patients with mild cognitive impairment (PD-MCI) scored 1.5 SD or more below normative data in at least 2 measures in 1 of 4 cognitive domains. Other patients had normal cognition (PD-N). Results: Primary outcomes using receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analyses showed that all 3 mental status tests produced excellent discrimination of PD-D from patients without dementia (area under the curve [AUC], 87%–91%) and PD-MCI from PD-N patients (AUC, 78%–90%), but the MoCA was generally better suited across both assessments. The optimal MoCA screening cutoffs were Conclusions: The MoCA is a suitably accurate, brief test when screening all levels of cognition in PD.
700 citations
TL;DR: The prediction of dementia in AD by SMI with subsequent amnestic MCI supports the model of a consecutive 3-stage clinical manifestation of AD from SMI via MCI to dementia.
Abstract: Context Subjective memory impairment (SMI) is receiving increasing attention as a pre-mild cognitive impairment (MCI) condition in the course of the clinical manifestation of Alzheimer disease (AD). Objectives To determine the risk for conversion to any dementia, dementia in AD, or vascular dementia by SMI, graded by the level of SMI-related worry and by the temporal association of SMI and subsequent MCI. Design Longitudinal cohort study with follow-up examinations at 1½ and 3 years after baseline. Setting Primary care medical record registry sample. Participants A total of 2415 subjects without cognitive impairment 75 years or older in the German Study on Aging, Cognition and Dementia in Primary Care Patients. Main Outcome Measures Conversion to any dementia, dementia in AD, or vascular dementia at follow-up 1 or follow-up 2 predicted by SMI with or without worry at baseline and at follow-up 2 predicted by different courses of SMI at baseline and MCI at follow-up 1. Results In the first analysis, SMI with worry at baseline was associated with greatest risk for conversion to any dementia (hazard ratio [HR], 3.53; 95% confidence interval [CI], 2.07-6.03) or dementia in AD (6.54; 2.82-15.20) at follow-up 1 or follow-up 2. The sensitivity was 69.0% and the specificity was 74.3% conversion to dementia in AD. In the second analysis, SMI at baseline and MCI at follow-up 1 were associated with greatest risk for conversion to any dementia (odds ratio [OR], 8.92; 95% CI, 3.69-21.60) or dementia in AD (19.33; 5.29-70.81) at follow-up 2. Furthermore, SMI at baseline and amnestic MCI at follow-up 1 increased the risk for conversion to any dementia (OR, 29.24; 95% CI, 8.75-97.78) or dementia in AD (60.28; 12.23-297.10), with a sensitivity of 66.7% and a specificity of 98.3% for conversion to dementia in AD. Conclusion The prediction of dementia in AD by SMI with subsequent amnestic MCI supports the model of a consecutive 3-stage clinical manifestation of AD from SMI via MCI to dementia.
577 citations
TL;DR: The MoCA is a useful brief screening tool for the detection of mild dementia or MCI in subjects scoring over 25 points on the MMSE in patients already diagnosed with MCI, in patients at risk of developing dementia at 6-month follow-up.
Abstract: Objective:To prospectively validate the Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) in a UK memory clinic.Method:We administered the MoCA and Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) to 32 subjects fulfilling...
549 citations
31 Jul 2014
TL;DR: A deep learning architecture, which contains stacked auto-encoders and a softmax output layer, to overcome the bottleneck and aid the diagnosis of AD and its prodromal stage, Mild Cognitive Impairment (MCI).
Abstract: All the neuroimaging data obtained from ANDI database were registered to the ICBM_152 template using Image Registration Toolkit (IRTK). Numerical anatomical measurements (volume, shape, curvature, etc.) are extracted from neuroimaging data (MRI and PET) accompanied with CSF measurements. • significantly boosts the classification performance • capable of multi-class classification • reduce the reliance on prior knowledge • semi-supervised learning • easy to examine the features
415 citations