Milk bioactive peptide database: A comprehensive database of milk protein-derived bioactive peptides and novel visualization
TL;DR: During processing and digestion, milk proteins are disassembled into peptides with an array of biological functions, including antimicrobial, angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibition, antioxidant, opioid, and immunomodulation, which are summarized in numerous reviews.
About: This article is published in Food Chemistry.The article was published on 2017-10-01 and is currently open access. It has received 286 citations till now.
Citations
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TL;DR: The BIOPEP-UWM™ database of bioactive peptides has recently become a popular tool in the research on bio active peptides, especially on these derived from foods and being constituents of diets that prevent development of chronic diseases.
Abstract: The BIOPEP-UWM™ database of bioactive peptides (formerly BIOPEP) has recently become a popular tool in the research on bioactive peptides, especially on these derived from foods and being constituents of diets that prevent development of chronic diseases. The database is continuously updated and modified. The addition of new peptides and the introduction of new information about the existing ones (e.g., chemical codes and references to other databases) is in progress. New opportunities include the possibility of annotating peptides containing D-enantiomers of amino acids, batch processing option, converting amino acid sequences into SMILES code, new quantitative parameters characterizing the presence of bioactive fragments in protein sequences, and finding proteinases that release particular peptides.
375 citations
TL;DR: This review places a concerted effort to club the current outline of AMU and AMR in dairy animals; ongoing global surveillance and monitoring programs; its impact at animal human interface; and strategies for combating resistance with an extensive overview on possible alternates to current day antibiotics that could be implemented in livestock sector.
Abstract: Antimicrobial resistance (AMR), one among the most common priority areas identified by both national and international agencies, is mushrooming as a silent pandemic. The advancement in public health care through introduction of antibiotics against infectious agents is now being threatened by global development of multidrug-resistant strains. These strains are product of both continuous evolution and un-checked antimicrobial usage (AMU). Though antibiotic application in livestock has largely contributed toward health and productivity, it has also played significant role in evolution of resistant strains. Although, a significant emphasis has been given to AMR in humans, trends in animals, on other hand, are not much emphasized. Dairy farming involves surplus use of antibiotics as prophylactic and growth promoting agents. This non-therapeutic application of antibiotics, their dosage, and withdrawal period needs to be re-evaluated and rationally defined. A dairy animal also poses a serious risk of transmission of resistant strains to humans and environment. Outlining the scope of the problem is necessary for formulating and monitoring an active response to AMR. Effective and commendably connected surveillance programs at multidisciplinary level can contribute to better understand and minimize the emergence of resistance. Besides, it requires a renewed emphasis on investments into research for finding alternate, safe, cost effective, and innovative strategies, parallel to discovery of new antibiotics. Nevertheless, numerous direct or indirect novel approaches based on host-microbial interaction and molecular mechanisms of pathogens are also being developed and corroborated by researchers to combat the threat of resistance. This review places a concerted effort to club the current outline of AMU and AMR in dairy animals; ongoing global surveillance and monitoring programs; its impact at animal human interface; and strategies for combating resistance with an extensive overview on possible alternates to current day antibiotics that could be implemented in livestock sector.
163 citations
TL;DR: A methodology to select the most promising Lactobacillus strains as sources of BAPs is proposed, which combines conventional approaches and in silico analyses.
Abstract: To compensate for their amino acid auxotrophy, lactobacilli have developed the ability to hydrolyze proteins present in their environment. This proteolytic activity not only generates the free amino acids needed by the bacteria, but also a large variety of peptides, some of which are endowed with biological activities. These so-called "bioactive peptides" (BAPs) are interesting from a nutrition and healthcare perspective. The use of lactic acid bacteria (LAB) such as lactobacilli is an effective strategy for production and valorization of new BAPs. The proteolytic activity of lactobacilli is exerted in a strain- and species-dependent manner: each species exhibits different proteinase content, leading to a large variety of proteolytic activities. This underlines the high potential of Lactobacillus strains to produce novel hydrolysates and BAPs of major interest. This review aims at discussing the potential of different Lactobacillus species to release BAPs from fermentation media and processes. Strategies used for peptide production are presented. Additionally, we propose a methodology to select the most promising Lactobacillus strains as sources of BAPs. This methodology combines conventional approaches and in silico analyses.
133 citations
TL;DR: The requirements of industrial processes regarding peptide release and stability, depending on several process parameters, are summarized, and some enrichment techniques for whey-derived peptides that are potentially applicable to industry are considered.
133 citations
TL;DR: The generation of potent and effective health enhancing hydrolysates/peptides can benefit from a range of in silico techniques including the application of structure bioactivity relationship modelling, molecular docking and design of experiments (DOE) approaches to optimise BAP production and identification.
81 citations
References
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TL;DR: This work has derived substitution matrices from about 2000 blocks of aligned sequence segments characterizing more than 500 groups of related proteins, leading to marked improvements in alignments and in searches using queries from each of the groups.
Abstract: Methods for alignment of protein sequences typically measure similarity by using a substitution matrix with scores for all possible exchanges of one amino acid with another. The most widely used matrices are based on the Dayhoff model of evolutionary rates. Using a different approach, we have derived substitution matrices from about 2000 blocks of aligned sequence segments characterizing more than 500 groups of related proteins. This led to marked improvements in alignments and in searches using queries from each of the groups.
6,553 citations
TL;DR: The structural requirements of peptides for antiviral and antibacterial activities are evaluated in light of the diverse set of primary and secondary structures described for host defense peptides.
Abstract: Antimicrobial host defense peptides are produced by all complex organisms as well as some microbes and have diverse and complex antimicrobial activities. Collectively these peptides demonstrate a broad range of antiviral and antibacterial activities and modes of action, and it is important to distinguish between direct microbicidal and indirect activities against such pathogens. The structural requirements of peptides for antiviral and antibacterial activities are evaluated in light of the diverse set of primary and secondary structures described for host defense peptides. Peptides with antifungal and antiparasitic activities are discussed in less detail, although the broad-spectrum activities of such peptides indicate that they are important host defense molecules. Knowledge regarding the relationship between peptide structure and function as well as their mechanism of action is being applied in the design of antimicrobial peptide variants as potential novel therapeutic agents.
2,231 citations
TL;DR: The current status, strengths, and weaknesses of peptides as medicines and the emerging new opportunities in peptide drug design and development are discussed.
2,136 citations
TL;DR: Results suggest that selective binding of the COOH-terminal dipeptide residue is an impor tan t dete rminant of both the substrate specificity of angiotensin-converting enzyme and the degree of rate stimulation by chloride ion, and that the nature of this selective binding can be further clarified by studying competitive inhibition of dpeptides of vary ing structure.
721 citations
TL;DR: This work reviews the scientific literature and attempts to stimulate consideration of the continued use of bioactive peptides and their expanded development as a commercial product.
695 citations