Millimeter-Wave Cellular Wireless Networks: Potentials and Challenges
Citations
25 citations
Cites background from "Millimeter-Wave Cellular Wireless N..."
...Very-high-speed wireless communication, which includes 5G and other areas such as indoor Wi-Fi, longdistance line of sight, environmental monitoring, and so on [5], [6], have also been employed....
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25 citations
Cites background from "Millimeter-Wave Cellular Wireless N..."
...Two bands of five gigahertz in particular, 71 to 76 GHz and 81 to 86 GHz, often referred to as E-band (which actually covers 60 to 90 GHz) are being considered for many applications, including wireless backhaul [1], satellite up- and downlinks [2], and point-to-point communications [3]....
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25 citations
Cites background or methods from "Millimeter-Wave Cellular Wireless N..."
...The lognormal shadowing is ε ∼ N (0, 8 dB) [6]....
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...PB denotes the power cost by generating unit of wireless bandwidth in BS [1], [6], [21], [28]; PNt is the power cost per transmit antenna in BS; P̂R is the power cost per unit of throughput in the BS....
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...The omnidirectional path model [6] is PL = 86....
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25 citations
Cites background from "Millimeter-Wave Cellular Wireless N..."
...However, communications at E-band and W-band are affected by the strong path loss (increasing with the carrier frequency f 2 c ), multipath interference, and polarization mismatch [2], [3]....
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25 citations
References
17,102 citations
"Millimeter-Wave Cellular Wireless N..." refers background in this paper
...Also, the human body and many outdoor materials being very reflective, allow them to be important scatterers for mmW propagation [28], [30]....
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...However, these measurements were performed in an outdoor campus setting with much lower building density and greater opportunities for LOS connectivity than would be found in a typical urban deployment....
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...Despite the potential of mmW cellular systems, there are a number of key challenges to realizing the vision of cellular networks in these bands: • Range and directional communication: Friis’ transmis- sion law [54] states that the free space omnidirectional path loss grows with the square of the…...
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6,708 citations
"Millimeter-Wave Cellular Wireless N..." refers background or methods in this paper
...In both 28- and 73-GHz measurements, each point was classified as either being in a NLOS or LOS situation, based on a manual classification made at the time of the measurements; see [26] and [28]–[33]....
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...• Empirical NYC: These curves are based on the omnidirectional path loss predicted by our linear model (1) for the mmW channel with the parameters from Table 1, as derived from the directional measurements in [26]....
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...Details of the measurements can be found in [26], [28]– [33], [81]....
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...This tremendous potential has led to considerable recent interest in mmW cellular both in industry [7]–[9], [18], [19] and academia [20]–[26], with a growing belief that mmW bands will play a significant role in beyond 4G and 5G cellular systems [27]....
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...In particular, we survey our own measurements [26], [28]–[33] made in New York City (NYC) in both 28- and 73-GHz bands and the statistical models for the channels developed in [34]....
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5,158 citations
"Millimeter-Wave Cellular Wireless N..." refers background in this paper
...These multiple antenna systems can be used to form very high gain, electrically steerable arrays, fabricated at the base station (BS), in the skin of a cellphone, or even within a chip [6], [10]–[17]....
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3,711 citations
3,298 citations
"Millimeter-Wave Cellular Wireless N..." refers background in this paper
...Heterogeneous networks, or HetNets, have been one of the most active research areas in cellular standards bodies in the last five years [45], [48], [67], [68], with the main focus being intercell interference coordination and load balancing....
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