Millimeter-Wave Cellular Wireless Networks: Potentials and Challenges
Sundeep Rangan,Theodore S. Rappaport,Elza Erkip +2 more
- Vol. 102, Iss: 3, pp 366-385
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TLDR
Measurements and capacity studies are surveyed to assess mmW technology with a focus on small cell deployments in urban environments and it is shown that mmW systems can offer more than an order of magnitude increase in capacity over current state-of-the-art 4G cellular networks at current cell densities.Abstract:
Millimeter-wave (mmW) frequencies between 30 and 300 GHz are a new frontier for cellular communication that offers the promise of orders of magnitude greater bandwidths combined with further gains via beamforming and spatial multiplexing from multielement antenna arrays. This paper surveys measurements and capacity studies to assess this technology with a focus on small cell deployments in urban environments. The conclusions are extremely encouraging; measurements in New York City at 28 and 73 GHz demonstrate that, even in an urban canyon environment, significant non-line-of-sight (NLOS) outdoor, street-level coverage is possible up to approximately 200 m from a potential low-power microcell or picocell base station. In addition, based on statistical channel models from these measurements, it is shown that mmW systems can offer more than an order of magnitude increase in capacity over current state-of-the-art 4G cellular networks at current cell densities. Cellular systems, however, will need to be significantly redesigned to fully achieve these gains. Specifically, the requirement of highly directional and adaptive transmissions, directional isolation between links, and significant possibilities of outage have strong implications on multiple access, channel structure, synchronization, and receiver design. To address these challenges, the paper discusses how various technologies including adaptive beamforming, multihop relaying, heterogeneous network architectures, and carrier aggregation can be leveraged in the mmW context.read more
Citations
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Characterization of persistent multipath components in indoor and outdoor environment at 30 GHz
TL;DR: A simulation model is proposed that can be used to make simple ray tracing simulations more realistic and to assess the effect of persistence and variations in the angular rate on the capacity, and beam training and tracking process of mm-wave systems.
Journal ArticleDOI
Coverage analysis of dynamic TDD-based downlink mmWave network with k − μ shadowed fading and BS heights
TL;DR: The authors analyse the downlink (DL) performance of dynamic-time division duplexing (D-TDD) enabled millimetre-wave (mmWave) network with different base station (BS) heights using a channel model that incorporates the effect of shadowed fading.
Proceedings ArticleDOI
Vector quantized phase shift analog beamformers for millimeter-wave systems
TL;DR: This paper develops two iterative hybrid beamforming design algorithms for the MMW channel, using vector quantization of the analog beamformers, and shows that performance of the proposed algorithms can approximate that of the maximum-ratio-beamforming upper bound even if computational complexity may be higher for systems with small number of antennas.
Journal ArticleDOI
Training Beam Sequence Design for mmWave Tracking Systems With and Without Environmental Knowledge
TL;DR: In this article , the beam tracking problem was formulated as a partially observable Markov decision process problem and an actor-critic reinforcement learning framework was developed to obtain an efficient training beam sequence design.
Journal ArticleDOI
Proactive Resilient Transmission and Scheduling Mechanisms for mmWave Networks
TL;DR: In this article , the authors developed proactive transmission mechanisms that build resilience against network disruptions in advance, while achieving a high end-to-end packet rate, and designed a heuristic path selection algorithm that efficiently selects (in polynomial time in the network size) multiple proactively resilient paths with high packet rates.
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TL;DR: WireWireless Communications: Principles and Practice, Second Edition is the definitive modern text for wireless communications technology and system design as discussed by the authors, which covers the fundamental issues impacting all wireless networks and reviews virtually every important new wireless standard and technological development, offering especially comprehensive coverage of the 3G systems and wireless local area networks (WLANs).
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Millimeter Wave Mobile Communications for 5G Cellular: It Will Work!
Theodore S. Rappaport,Shu Sun,Rimma Mayzus,Hang Zhao,Yaniv Azar,Kevin H. Wang,George N. Wong,Jocelyn K. Schulz,Mathew K. Samimi,Felix Gutierrez +9 more
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Scaling Up MIMO: Opportunities and Challenges with Very Large Arrays
Fredrik Rusek,Daniel Persson,Buon Kiong Lau,Erik G. Larsson,Thomas L. Marzetta,Fredrik Tufvesson +5 more
TL;DR: The gains in multiuser systems are even more impressive, because such systems offer the possibility to transmit simultaneously to several users and the flexibility to select what users to schedule for reception at any given point in time.
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