Millimeter-Wave Cellular Wireless Networks: Potentials and Challenges
Citations
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Cites background or methods from "Millimeter-Wave Cellular Wireless N..."
...A path loss model and the scenario parameters are adopted from [67] and is given as PL(dB) = α+ β10 log10 r0 where r0 is the distance, α is the best fit floating point (α = 72) and β is the slope of best fit (β = 2....
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...The system level advantage of the proposed concept is demonstrated by considering a scenario in which 50 small cells are randomly distributed within a 200 × 200 m2 area with each BS serving a single user and has randomly distributed scatterers [67]....
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...Mm-wave channels are known to be sparse [67]....
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1 citations
Cites background from "Millimeter-Wave Cellular Wireless N..."
...[7] IEEE, “IEEE Standard for Information Technology–Telecommunications and Information Exchange between Systems–Local and Metropolitan Area Networks–Specific Requirements-Part 11: Wireless LAN Medium Access Control (MAC) and Physical Layer (PHY) Specifications Amendment 3: Enhancements for Very High Throughput in the 60 GHz Band,” IEEE Std 802.11ad-2012 (Amendment to IEEE Std 802.11-2012, as amended by IEEE Std 802.11ae-2012 and IEEE Std 802.11aa-2012), pp. 1–628, Dec 2012....
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...Since the setup for this new type of measurement could give us a more precise insight on the communication link and was easier to reproduce and automate, we decided to conduct all the campaigns using the testbed designed as follows: • at the transmitter side, the FPGA is equipped with a 20- dBi horn antenna with 14◦ half-power beamwidth in the E-plane and 15◦ beamwidth in the H-plane, configured to transmit a 60 GHz CW, as shown in Figure 3a; • at the receiver side, we connected a spectrum analyzer to a 17-dBi 32-element patch array with 24◦ half-power beamwidth in the E-plane and 11◦ beamwidth in the Hplane, reported in Figure 3b, in order to directly obtain the power of the CW, measured in dBm....
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...To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study that evaluates TCP performance at 60 GHz using a mixture of simulation and experimentation, thus bridging the gap between purely testbed-based analysis (in which it is often not possible to carefully control and update the parameters of the protocol stack) [23] and the aforementioned simulation-based evaluations [20]....
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...[8] ——, “IEEE Draft Standard for Information Technology– Telecommunications and Information Exchange Between Systems Local and Metropolitan Area Networks–Specific Requirements Part 11: Wireless LAN Medium Access Control (MAC) and Physical Layer (PHY) Specifications–Amendment: Enhanced Throughput for Operation in License-Exempt Bands Above 45 GHz,” IEEE Draft Std P802....
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...As mentioned in Section I, communications at mmWave frequencies can provide gigabit-per-second data rates at the physical layer, thanks to the large chunks of spectrum that are available in these bands [5]....
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1 citations
Cites background from "Millimeter-Wave Cellular Wireless N..."
...The measurements at 28 GHz and 73 GHz in [4] demonstrates that even in an urban canyon environment, significant non-line-of-sight (NLOS) outdoor, street-level coverage is possible up to approximately 200 m from a potential low power base station....
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References
17,102 citations
"Millimeter-Wave Cellular Wireless N..." refers background in this paper
...Also, the human body and many outdoor materials being very reflective, allow them to be important scatterers for mmW propagation [28], [30]....
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...However, these measurements were performed in an outdoor campus setting with much lower building density and greater opportunities for LOS connectivity than would be found in a typical urban deployment....
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...Despite the potential of mmW cellular systems, there are a number of key challenges to realizing the vision of cellular networks in these bands: • Range and directional communication: Friis’ transmis- sion law [54] states that the free space omnidirectional path loss grows with the square of the…...
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6,708 citations
"Millimeter-Wave Cellular Wireless N..." refers background or methods in this paper
...In both 28- and 73-GHz measurements, each point was classified as either being in a NLOS or LOS situation, based on a manual classification made at the time of the measurements; see [26] and [28]–[33]....
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...• Empirical NYC: These curves are based on the omnidirectional path loss predicted by our linear model (1) for the mmW channel with the parameters from Table 1, as derived from the directional measurements in [26]....
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...Details of the measurements can be found in [26], [28]– [33], [81]....
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...This tremendous potential has led to considerable recent interest in mmW cellular both in industry [7]–[9], [18], [19] and academia [20]–[26], with a growing belief that mmW bands will play a significant role in beyond 4G and 5G cellular systems [27]....
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...In particular, we survey our own measurements [26], [28]–[33] made in New York City (NYC) in both 28- and 73-GHz bands and the statistical models for the channels developed in [34]....
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5,158 citations
"Millimeter-Wave Cellular Wireless N..." refers background in this paper
...These multiple antenna systems can be used to form very high gain, electrically steerable arrays, fabricated at the base station (BS), in the skin of a cellphone, or even within a chip [6], [10]–[17]....
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3,711 citations
3,298 citations
"Millimeter-Wave Cellular Wireless N..." refers background in this paper
...Heterogeneous networks, or HetNets, have been one of the most active research areas in cellular standards bodies in the last five years [45], [48], [67], [68], with the main focus being intercell interference coordination and load balancing....
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