Miniature built-in multiband antennas for mobile handsets
TL;DR: A new design for built-in handset antennas in that metal strips as additional resonators are directly connected with a feed strip and the size can be reduced by an order of 10/spl sim/20%, which is desirable since the size of mobile phones is becoming smaller according to consumer preferences.
Abstract: In this paper, we propose a new design for built-in handset antennas in that metal strips as additional resonators are directly connected with a feed strip. With the new design scheme, a quad-band antenna for covering GSM900, DCS1800, PCS1900, and UMTS2000 bands and a five-band antenna for covering GSM900, DCS1800, PCS1900, UMTS2000, and ISM2450 bands for use in mobile built-in handsets are experimentally carried out. Compared with the parasitic form with a shorted strip placed away from the main radiator in the open literature, the size of the proposed antennas can be reduced by an order of 10/spl sim/20%, which is desirable since the size of mobile phones is becoming smaller according to consumer preferences. Moreover, the impedance matching for each band of the new antennas becomes easy. The new quad-band and five-band built-in handset antennas are developed within the limits of a 36/spl times/16/spl times/8 mm/sup 3/ volume. The antennas are also analyzed using the finite-difference time-domain technique. A good agreement is achieved between measurement and simulation.
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TL;DR: Several solutions are presented to reduce the mutual coupling between two planar inverted-F antennas working in close radiocommunication standards and positioned on a finite-sized ground plane modeling the printed circuit board (PCB) of a typical mobile phone.
Abstract: Several solutions are presented to reduce the mutual coupling between two planar inverted-F antennas (PIFAs) working in close radiocommunication standards and positioned on a finite-sized ground plane modeling the printed circuit board (PCB) of a typical mobile phone. First, the two PIFAs are designed on separate PCBs to, respectively, operate in the DCS1800 and UMTS bands. In a second step, they are associated on the top edge of the same PCB. Realistic arrangements are then theoretically and experimentally studied. Finally, several solutions are investigated to maximize the isolation. They consist in inserting a suspended line between the PIFAs' feedings and/or shorting points. All along this paper, several prototypes are fabricated and their performances measured to validate the obtained IE3D moment method-based simulation results
530 citations
TL;DR: In this article, several electrically small resonant antennas employing the composite right/left-handed transmission line (CRLH-TL) are presented for integration with portable RF modules.
Abstract: Several electrically small resonant antennas employing the composite right/left-handed transmission line (CRLH-TL) are presented for integration with portable RF modules. The proposed antenna designs are based on the unique property of anti-parallel phase and group velocity of the CRLH-TL at its fundamental mode. In this mode, the propagation constant increases as the frequency decreases, therefore, a small guided wavelength can be obtained at a lower frequency to provide the small lambdag/2 resonant length used to realize a compact antenna design. Furthermore, the physical size and the operational frequency of the antenna depend on the unit cell size and the equivalent transmission line model parameters of the CRLH-TL, including series inductance, series capacitance, shunt inductance and shunt capacitance. Optimization of these parameters as well as miniaturization techniques of the physical size of unit cell is investigated. A four unit-cell resonant antenna is designed and tested at 1.06 GHz. The length, width and height of the proposed antenna are 1/19lambda0, 1/23lambda0 and 1/83lambda0, respectively. In addition, a compact antenna using a 2-D three by three mushroom like unit cell arrangement is developed at 1.17 GHz, showing that an increased gain of 0.6 dB and higher radiation efficiency can be achieved over the first prototype antenna. The same design is applied in the development of a circularly polarized antenna operating at 2.46 GHz. A 116deg beamwidth with axial ratio better than 3 dB is observed. The physical size of the proposed mushroom type small antenna and the circularly polarized antenna is 1/14lambda0 by 1/14lambda0 by 1/39lambda0 and 1/10lambda0 by 1/10lambda 0 by 1/36lambda0, respectively
341 citations
TL;DR: The study of internal low-volume antenna structures for mobile terminals shows that the studied antenna concept is a very promising alternative for traditional antenna technologies.
Abstract: In this paper, internal low-volume antenna structures for mobile terminals are studied. The work concentrates on the possibilities to reduce the volume of mobile terminal antenna elements by efficiently utilizing the radiation of the currents on the mobile terminal chassis. Essentially nonresonant coupling elements are used to optimally couple to the dominating char- acteristic wavemodes of the chassis. The antenna structures are tuned to resonance with matching circuits. During the last few years, the approach has achieved growing interest—also among industrial manufacturers of mobile terminals. There exist, how- ever, no systematical feasibility and performance studies of the idea. During the work, two antenna models with very low-volume coupling elements are designed and in total four prototypes are constructed. The simulation and measurement results show that the studied antenna concept is a very promising alternative for traditional antenna technologies. The presented analysis provides useful and novel information for the designs of the future low-pro- file and low-volume mobile terminal antennas.
223 citations
Cites methods from "Miniature built-in multiband antenn..."
...In the results analysis, the widely applied [4], [5], [8], [9], [13], [16], [19]–[23], [26] impedance matching criterion has been used to calculate the impedance bandwidths....
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TL;DR: In this article, a small-size printed planar inverted-F antenna (PIFA) operated at its one-eighth wavelength (lambda/8) mode as the fundamental resonant mode for achieving WWAN (wireless wide area network) operation in the mobile phone is presented.
Abstract: A small-size printed planar inverted-F antenna (PIFA) operated at its one-eighth wavelength (lambda/8) mode as the fundamental resonant mode for achieving WWAN (wireless wide area network) operation in the mobile phone is presented. The proposed PIFA has a simple structure of comprising two radiating strips of length about lambda/8 at 900 MHz and is fed using a coupling feed. Compared to the traditional PIFA using a direct feed, the coupling feed greatly decreases the very large input impedance seen at the lambda/8 mode for the traditional PIFA and results in successful excitation of the lambda/8 mode for the proposed PIFA. Two lambda/8 modes are generated by the two radiating strips and occur at close frequencies at about 900 MHz to form a wide lower band to cover GSM850/900 operation. The two radiating strips also generate two higher-order modes or lambda/4 modes at about 1900 MHz to form a wide upper band for GSM1800/1900/UMTS operation. Penta-band WWAN operation is hence achieved, yet the proposed PIFA only occupies a small printed area of 15times31 mm2 or 465 mm2 on the system circuit board of the mobile phone, which is about the smallest for the internal uniplanar printed antenna capable of penta-band operation that have been reported. Details of the proposed PIFA are presented. The specific absorption rate (SAR) and hearing aid compatibility (HAC) results for the proposed PIFA are also analyzed.
173 citations
TL;DR: A small-size printed loop antenna with an internal printed matching circuit capable of GSM/DCS/PCS/UMTS operation in the mobile phone is proposed and its radiation performances including the SAR (specific absorption rate) results are studied.
Abstract: A small-size printed loop antenna with an internal printed matching circuit capable of GSM/DCS/PCS/UMTS operation in the mobile phone is proposed. The antenna comprises an 85-mm long folded loop strip and an internal printed matching circuit encircled therein and formed by a coupling strip and an inductive strip. The loop strip is excited by the coupling strip to generate a 0.25 lambda resonant mode at about 900 MHz for GSM operation. For the inductive strip, it effectively causes a wideband higher order mode at about 1900 MHz for DCS/PCS/UMTS operation. Further, the antenna shows a uniplanar structure and requires a very small printed area of 170 mm2 on the system circuit board of the mobile phone, making it easy to fabricate at low cost. Details of the proposed antenna and its radiation performances including the SAR (specific absorption rate) results are studied.
162 citations
References
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TL;DR: In this paper, the authors proposed a planar dual-band inverted-F antenna for cellular handsets, which operates at the 0.9-GHz and 1.8-GHz bands.
Abstract: Cellular telephone handsets are now being designed to have dual-mode capabilities. In particular, there is a requirement for internal antennas for GSM and DCS1800 systems. This paper describes a novel planar dual-band inverted-F antenna for cellular handsets, which operates at the 0.9-GHz and 1.8-GHz bands. The dual-band antenna has almost the same size as a conventional inverted-F antenna operating at 0.9 GHz and has an isolation between bands of better than 17 dB. The bandwidths of the antenna are close to those required for the above systems. Good dual-band action is also obtained for other frequency ratios in the range of 1.3-2.4. Studies also show that the dual-band antenna can operate with one or two feeds. A finite-difference time-domain analysis has been shown to give calculated results close to those measured.
447 citations
TL;DR: In this article, the design of a compact PIFA suitable for operation at 900 MHz was described, and modifications to this design were provided to operate in dual-frequency bands at 300 and 1800 MHz.
Abstract: Planar inverted F antennas (PIFA) have been proposed as possible candidates for mobile telephone handsets. We describe the design of a compact PIFA suitable for operation at 900 MHz. In addition, we provide modifications to this design that allow it to operate in dual-frequency bands at 300 and 1800 MHz. Finite-difference time-domain (FDTD) and experimental results are provided.
289 citations
Book•
01 Jan 1992
TL;DR: How to apply the moment method to wire antenna analysis evaluation of the basic performance of microstrip antennas and some considerations of small antenna measurements.
Abstract: How to apply the moment method to wire antenna analysis evaluation of the basic performance of microstrip antennas key points in the design and measurement of microstrip antennas analysis of planar inverted-F antennas and antenna design for portable radio equipment design and analysis of small-aperture antennas design and measurement of small AM broadcasting antennas mutual coupling effects between antenna elements on antenna performance some considerations of small antenna measurements.
124 citations
"Miniature built-in multiband antenn..." refers background in this paper
...Many interesting designs based on the IFA and PIFA concepts for achieving dual-band operations have been available in open literatures [1]–[11]....
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...They are similar to those of other integrated antennas for mobile handsets [1]....
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TL;DR: In this paper, two triple band planar inverted F antennas (PIFAs) are presented, which achieve an isolation of better than -15 dB between the feed ports and a good agreement between simulation and measurement results.
Abstract: Two novel triple band planar inverted F antennas (PIFAs) are presented. The first antenna is realised by housing a dual frequency L-shaped spur line loaded PIFA element within the lower resonance PIFA element. The second antenna is realised by embedding two single element PIFAs within a quarter-wave patch. For both antennas, an isolation of better than -15 dB between the feed ports and a good agreement between simulation and measurement results was obtained.
123 citations
"Miniature built-in multiband antenn..." refers background in this paper
...Antenna designs for covering GSM900, DCS1800, and ISM2450 bands can be found in the literatures [15], [16]....
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