Minimizing the Side Effect of Context Inconsistency Resolution for Ubiquitous Computing

doi:10.1007/978-3-642-30973-1_29

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Minimizing the Side Effect of Context Inconsistency Resolution for Ubiquitous Computing

Book Chapter•DOI•

Minimizing the Side Effect of Context Inconsistency Resolution for Ubiquitous Computing

Chang Xu¹, Xiaoxing Ma¹, Chun Cao¹, Jian Lu¹•Institutions (1)

Nanjing University¹

06 Dec 2011-pp 285-297

TL;DR: This paper studies a novel way of resolving context inconsistency with the aim of minimizing such side effect for an application, and presents an efficient framework to minimize it during context inconsistency resolution.

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Abstract: Applications in ubiquitous computing adapt their behavior based on contexts. The adaptation can be faulty if the contexts are subject to inconsistency. Various techniques have been proposed to identify key contexts from inconsistencies. By removing these contexts, an application is expected to run with inconsistencies resolved. However, existing practice largely overlooks an application’s internal requirements on using these contexts for adaptation. It may lead to unexpected side effect from inconsistency resolution. This paper studies a novel way of resolving context inconsistency with the aim of minimizing such side effect for an application. We model and analyze the side effect for rule-based ubiquitous applications, and experimentally measure and compare it for various inconsistency resolution strategies. We confirm the significance of such side effect if not controlled, and present an efficient framework to minimize it during context inconsistency resolution.

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Journal Article•DOI•

Adam: Identifying defects in context-aware adaptation

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Chang Xu¹, Shing-Chi Cheung², Xiaoxing Ma¹, Chun Cao¹, Jian Lu¹ - Show less +1 more•Institutions (2)

Nanjing University¹, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology²

01 Dec 2012-Journal of Systems and Software

TL;DR: A novel approach, called Adam, to assist identifying defects in the context-aware adaptation, that can effectively detect errors, identify their responsible defects in applications, and give useful hints on how these defects can be fixed.

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49 citations

Journal Article•DOI•

A systematic review on the engineering of software for ubiquitous systems

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Alejandro Sanchez Guinea¹, Grégory Nain¹, Yves Le Traon¹•Institutions (1)

University of Luxembourg¹

01 Aug 2016-Journal of Systems and Software

TL;DR: A systematic literature review of papers presenting and evaluating approaches for the different phases of the software development life cycle for ubiquitous systems found implementation, evolution/maintenance, and feedback phases have been the most studied.

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38 citations

Cites background from "Minimizing the Side Effect of Conte..."

...Table 12: Approaches for Feedback phase Focus Approaches Percent Context inconsistency A6 [55], A37 [56], A43 [57], A104 [58], A105 [40] 23 Context representation A4 [59], A18 [60], A56 [61] 14 Data management A58 [62], A85 [63], A87 [64] 14 Information sharing A26 [65], A95 [66] 9 User feedback A55 [67], A125 [68] 9 Spatial context A32 [69], A94 [70] 9 Context aggregation A90 [71], A97 [72] 9 Process selection A107 [73], A103 [74] 9 Schedule management A63 [75] 4...
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...Table 12: Approaches for Feedback phase Focus Approaches Percent Context inconsistency A6 [55], A37 [56], A43 [57], A104 [58], A105 [40] 23 Context representation A4 [59], A18 [60], A56 [61] 14 Data management A58 [62], A85 [63], A87 [64] 14 Information sharing A26 [65], A95 [66] 9 User feedback A55 [67], A125 [68] 9 Spatial context A32 [69], A94 [70] 9 Context aggregation A90 [71], A97 [72] 9 Process selection A107 [73], A103 [74] 9 Schedule management A63 [75] 4 4.2.4....
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...Approach A104 entails a side effect measurement566 framework that measures the significant side effect caused by context inconsis-567 tency resolution on ubiquitous applications....
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...We recommend that researchers follow existing1288 guidelines for conducting case studies (e.g., [153]).1289 Appendix A.1290 Table A.25: Paper - approach - QA paper id year source approach(s)-phase QA score P1 [33] 2012 IEEE Transactions on Software Engineer- ing A1(des), A2(all), A3(impl) 5 P2 [59] 2009 ACM Transactions on Software Engineer- ing and Methodology A4(fdbk, evol) 5 P3 [46] 2011 Proceedings of the International Confer- ence on Software Engineering A5(des, impl, v&v) 4 P4 [55] 2015 IEEE Transactions on Software Engineer- ing A6(fdbk) 6 P5 [82] 2006 IEEE Transactions on Software Engineer- ing A7(impl) 5 P6 [95] 2006 IEEE Transactions on Software Engineer- ing A8(impl) 5 P7 [108] 2012 IEEE Transactions on Software Engineer- ing A9(v&v) 5 P8 [138] 2012 IEEE Transactions on Software Engineer- ing A10(evol) 5 P9 [103] 2010 IEEE Transactions on Software Engineer- ing A11(v&v) 5 P10 [139] 2008 Journal of Systems and Software A12(evol) 4 P11 [131] 2004 Proceedings of the International Confer- ence on Software Engineering A13(evol) 5 P12 [104] 2006 Proceedings of the International Confer- ence on Software Engineering A14(v&v) 4 P13 [34] 2012 Journal of Systems and Software A15(all) 6 P14 [39] 2012 Journal of Systems and Software A16(re) 4 P15 [146] 2012 Journal of Systems and Software A17(evol) 5 P16 [60] 2014 Journal of Systems and Software A18(fdbk) 4 P17 [96] 2013 Journal of Systems and Software A19(impl) 5 continued on next page 60 AC CE PT ED M AN US CR IP T Table A.25 – continued from previous page paper id year source approach(s)-phase QA score P18 [109] 2007 Proceedings of the International Confer- ence on Software Engineering A20(test) 4 P19 [117] 2006 Proceedings of the International sympo- sium on Foundations of software engineering A21(test) 6 P20 [106] 2008 Proceedings of the International sympo- sium on Foundations of software engineering A22(v&v) 5 P21 [105] 2010 ACM Transactions on Software Engineer- ing and Methodology A23(v&v) 6 P22 [118] 2008 Proceedings of the International Confer- ence on Software Engineering A24(test) 6 P23 [35] 2010 Journal of Systems and Software A25(all) 5 P24 [65] 2007 Journal of Systems and Software A26(fdbk) 4 P25 [107] 2013 Journal of Systems and Software A27(v&v) 6 P26 [50] 2012 ACM Transactions on Software Engineer- ing and Methodology A28(des, impl) 5 P27 [123] 2011 Journal of Systems and Software A29(evol) 5 P28 [132] 2009 Proceedings of the International Confer- ence on Software Engineering A30(evol) 3 P29 [91] 2012 Journal of Systems and Software A31(impl) 3 P30 [69] 2015 ACM Transactions on Software Engineer- ing and Methodology A32(impl, fdbk) 5 P31 [87] 2010 IEEE Transactions on Software Engineer- ing A33(impl) 5 P32 [119] 2011 Journal of Systems and Software A34(deploy) 5 P33 [124] 2011 Proceedings of the European conference on Foundations of software engineering A35(evol) 5 P34 [83] 2005 IEEE Transactions on Software Engineer- ing A36(impl) 5 P35 [56] 2005 Proceedings of the symposium on the Foundations of Software Engineering A37(fdbk, evol) 3 P36 [92] 2015 Information and Software Technology A38(impl) 6 P37 [154] 2010 ACM Transactions on Software Engineer- ing and Methodology A39(evol) 5 continued on next page 61 AC CE PT ED M AN US CR IP T Table A.25 – continued from previous page paper id year source approach(s)-phase QA score P38 [125] 2004 Proceedings of the Conference on Perva- sive Computing and Communications A40(evol) 4 P39 [98] 2004 Proceedings of the Conference on Perva- sive Computing and Communications A41(impl) 4 P40 [97] 2003 Proceedings of the Conference on Perva- sive Computing and Communications A42(impl) 3 P41 [57] 2011 Proceedings of the Conference on Perva- sive Computing and Communications A43(fdbk,impl) 5 P42 [84] 2008 Proceedings of the Conference on Perva- sive Computing and Communications A44(evol, impl) 3 P43 [76] 2006 Proceedings of the Conference on Perva- sive Computing and Communications A45(impl) 3 P44 [155] 2007 Proceedings of the Conference on Perva- sive Computing and Communications A46(des) 5 P45 [156] 2006 Pervasive and mobile computing A47(all) 4 P46 [88] 2007 Pervasive and mobile computing A48(impl) 4 P47 [126] 2013 Pervasive and mobile computing A49(des, evol) 5 P48 [47] 2010 Pervasive and mobile computing A50(des, impl, evol) 5 P49 [114] 2014 Pervasive and mobile computing A51(test) 5 P50 [110] 2013 Pervasive and mobile computing A52(test) 5 P51 [48] 2010 Pervasive and mobile computing A53(impl, des) 3 P52 [67] 2014 Pervasive and mobile computing A54(impl), A55(fdbk) 4 P53 [61] 2012 Proceedings of the Conference on Perva- sive Computing and Communications A56(fdbk, evol) 3 P54 [89] 2014 Pervasive and mobile computing A57(impl) 5 P55 [62] 2013 Pervasive and mobile computing A58(fdbk) 4 P56 [122] 2010 Pervasive and mobile computing A59(deploy) 5 P57 [127] 2014 Pervasive and mobile computing A60(impl, evol) 5 P58 [77] 2009 Pervasive and mobile computing A61(impl) 3 P59 [142] 2007 Pervasive and mobile computing A62(evol) 5 P60 [75] 2008 Pervasive and mobile computing A63 (fdbk) 4 P61 [93] 2008 Pervasive and mobile computing A64(impl) 4 P62 [157] 2008 Pervasive and mobile computing A65(fdbk) 5 continued on next page 62 AC CE PT ED M AN US CR IP T Table A.25 – continued from previous page paper id year source approach(s)-phase QA score P63 [115] 2006 Proceedings of the international conference on Ubiquitous computing A66 (test) 3 P64 [121] 2008 Proceedings of the international conference on Ubiquitous computing A67(deploy) 5 P65 [51] 2007 IEEE Pervasive Computing A68(des) 4 P66 [158] 2008 IEEE Pervasive Computing A69(impl) 4 P67 [100] 2004 IEEE Pervasive Computing A70(evol) 5 P68 [120] 2008 Personal and ubiquitous computing A71(deploy) 3 P69 [49] 2011 Personal and ubiquitous computing A72(des) 3 P70 [54] 2011 Personal and ubiquitous computing A73(des) 3 P71 [85] 2014 Personal and ubiquitous computing A74(des, impl, de- ploy) 3 P72 [78] 2007 Personal and ubiquitous computing A75(deploy, impl) 3 P73 [116] 2013 Software: Practice and Experience A76(test) 5 P74 [144] 2009 Software: Practice and Experience A77(all) 4 P75 [37] 2006 Software: Practice and Experience A78(all) 3 P76 [79] 2013 Software: Practice and Experience A79(impl) 3 P77 [159] 2011 Proceedings of the international conference on Cyber-Physical Systems A80(v&v) 3 P78 [53] 2013 Proceedings of the international conference on Cyber-Physical Systems A81(des) 3 P79 [99] 2015 ACM Transactions on Autonomous and Adaptive Systems A82(impl) 5 P80 [111] 2014 ACM Transactions on Autonomous and Adaptive Systems A83(test) 6 P81 [140] 2011 Journal of Systems and Software A84(evol) 5 P82 [63] 2012 Pervasive and Mobile Computing A85(fdbk) 4 P83 [128] 2013 IEEE Transactions on Software Engineer- ing A86(evol) 6 P84 [64] 2004 IEEE Pervasive Computing A87(fdbk) 5 P85 [80] 2008 Ubicomp* A88(impl) 5 P86 [148] 2009 Proceedings of the Conference on Perva- sive Computing and Communications A89(impl) 5 P87 [71] 2009 Pervasive and Mobile Computing A90(fdbk) 5 P88 [160] 2012 Personal and Ubiquitous Computing A91(impl) 2 continued on next page 63 AC CE PT ED M AN US CR IP T Table A.25 – continued from previous page paper id year source approach(s)-phase QA score P89 [86] 2010 Ubicomp* A92(impl) 5 P90 [81] 2012 Pervasive and Mobile Computing A93(impl) 5 P91 [70] 2010 Pervasive and Mobile Computing A94(fdbk) 4 P92 [66] 2005 Pervasive and Mobile Computing A95(fdbk) 5 P93 [101] 2003 Personal and Ubiquitous Computing A96(impl) 4 P94 [72] 2010 Personal and ubiquitous computing A97(fdbk, evol) 5 P95 [52] 2012 Proceedings of the international conference on Aspect-oriented Software Development A98(des) 5 P96 [129] 2013 ACM Transactions on Autonomous and Adaptive Systems A99(evol) 5 P97 [133] 2012 Software: Practice and Experience A100(evol) 4 P98 [102] 2010 Pervasive and Mobile Computing A101(fdbk, impl) 4 P99 [161] 2008 Pervasive and Mobile Computing A102(impl) 4 P100 [74] 2003 IEEE Transactions on Software Engineer- ing A103(fdbk, evol, deploy) 4 P101 [58] 2012 Proceedings of the conference on Mobile and Ubiquitous Systems: Computing, Networking, and Services A104(fdbk) 2 P102 [40] 2013 Information and Software Technology A105(re, fdbk) 5 P103 [41] 2010 Requirements Engineering A106(re) 4 P104 [73] 2012 Pervasive and Mobile Computing A107(fdbk), A118(fdbk) 5 P105 [90] 2011 Pervasive and Mobile Computing A109(impl, evol) 5 P106 [94] 2008 Pervasive and Mobile Computing A110(impl) 5 P107 [112] 2004 IEEE Pervasive computing A111(test) 4 P108 [162] 2013 Software: Practice and Experience A112(evol) 4 P109 [130] 2008 IEEE Transactions on Software Engineer- ing A113(evol) 5 P110 [134] 2003 IEEE Transactions on Software Engineer- ing A114(evol) 4 P111 [145] 2014 Personal and ubiquitous computing A115(fdbk) 2 P112 [135] 2011 Personal and Ubiquitous Computing A116(evol) 3 P113 [143] 2009 IEEE Computer A117(des, evol) 5 P114 [163] 2004 IEEE Pervasive Computing A118(impl) 5 continued on next page 64 AC CE PT ED M AN US CR IP T Table A.25 – continued from previous page paper id year source approach(s)-phase QA score P115 [147] 2013 IEEE Transactions on Software Engineer- ing A119(impl) 5 P116 [136] 2014 Proceedings of the International Joint Conference on Pervasive and Ubiquitous Computing A120(evol) 5 P117 [36] 2012 Information and Software Technology A121(all) 6 P118 [43] 2014 Proceedings of the International Confer- ence on Software Engineering A122(re) 4 P119 [141] 2013 Proceedings of the International Confer- ence on Software Engineering A123(evol) 5 P120 [44] 2013 Requirements engineering A124(re) 5 P121 [68] 2010 Computer Networks A125(fdbk, evol) 5 P122 [164] 2012 IEEE Computer A126(evol) 5 P123 [165] 2011 Proceedings of the Symposium on Re- search in Applied Computation A127(test) 3 P124 [166] 2013 Software: Practice and Experience A128(impl) 5 P125 [113] 2010 Proceedings of the International Confer- ence on Cyber-Physical Systems A129(test) 4 P126 [45] 2013 Information and Software Technology A130(re) 6 P127 [137] 2013 Information and Software Technology A131(evol) 5 P128 [42] 2013 Science of Computer Programming A132(re) 5 1291 [1] R....
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...P97 [133] 2012 Software: Practice and Experience A100(evol) 4 P98 [102] 2010 Pervasive and Mobile Computing A101(fdbk, impl) 4 P99 [161] 2008 Pervasive and Mobile Computing A102(impl) 4 P100 [74] 2003 IEEE Transactions on Software Engineering A103(fdbk, evol, deploy) 4 P101 [58] 2012 Proceedings of the conference on Mobile and Ubiquitous Systems: Computing, Networking, and Services A104(fdbk) 2...
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Proceedings Article•DOI•

Toward assessing Quality of Context parameters in a ubiquitous assisted environment

[...]

Debora Cabral Nazario¹, Igor Vilas Boas Tromel¹, Mario A. R. Dantas¹, José Leomar Todesco¹•Institutions (1)

Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina¹

29 Sep 2014

TL;DR: This paper provides an approach to assessing Quality of Context (QoC) parameters in a ubiquitous Ambient Assisted Living (ALL) environment and introduces the context management architecture used.

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Abstract: This paper provides an approach to assessing Quality of Context (QoC) parameters in a ubiquitous Ambient Assisted Living (ALL) environment. Lack of quality can lead assisted systems to respond inappropriately, resulting in errors related to assistance or support, or putting the user at risk. QoC assessments can improve these systems and set them to perform specific actions whenever lapses in quality occur. Initially, the study presents a literature review of QoC. Then it introduces the context management architecture used. The proposal is verified with the Siafu simulator in an ALL scenario where the user's health is monitored with information about blood pressure, heart rate and body temperature. Considering some parameters, the proposed QoC assessment shall allow verifying the extent to which the context information is up-to-date, valid, accurate, complete and significant. Assessing QoC parameters and the QoC value is important and helpful to detect anomalies or inconsistencies in sensors, generate alerts, activate backup sensors, discard data with insufficient QoC, choose appropriate providers, etc.

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23 citations

Cites background from "Minimizing the Side Effect of Conte..."

...Due to its characteristics, some of the previously mentioned studies dealing with QoC also used this simulator, for instance [12], [13], [14]....
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Journal Article•DOI•

Towards context consistency by concurrent checking for Internetware applications

[...]

Chang Xu¹, Yepang Liu², Shing-Chi Cheung², Chun Cao¹, Jian Lv¹ - Show less +1 more•Institutions (2)

Nanjing University¹, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology²

25 Aug 2013-Science in China Series F: Information Sciences

TL;DR: A novel concurrent checking technique Con-C is proposed to efficiently detect inconsistencies in huge volumes of dynamic contexts and achieves this in a fully automated way, and at the same time can guarantee its derived checking subtasks to be persistently balanced.

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Abstract: Internetware applications are emerging and being widely used. They can adapt their behavior based on environmental contexts and deliver smart services. These contexts can be subject to various noises, which cause them to be inaccurate, incomplete, or even to conflict with each other. This is known as context inconsistency problem. Context inconsistency can trigger unexpected behavior to applications, and therefore should be prevented. One promising approach is to check contexts against consistency constraints so as to detect the occurrences of context inconsistency at runtime. Existing techniques have attempted different ways to improve the checking efficiency or effectiveness with different trade-offs in space overhead or communication cost. However, none of them has exploited multi-core computing capability to systematically improve the checking efficiency. In this paper, we propose a novel concurrent checking technique Con-C to efficiently detect inconsistencies in huge volumes of dynamic contexts. Con-C derives checking subtasks for each consistency constraint based on its structure and semantics. It achieves this in a fully automated way, and at the same time can guarantee its derived checking subtasks to be persistently balanced. We evaluated Con-C by controlled experiments through a large-scale real-world application. It reported promising results that Con-C improved the checking efficiency by extra 57.0%, in addition to what had been gained by incremental checking.

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20 citations

Journal Article•DOI•

Taxonomia das publicações sobre Qualidade de Contexto

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Debora Cabral Nazario¹, Mario A. R. Dantas², José Leomar Todesco²•Institutions (2)

Universidade do Estado de Santa Catarina¹, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina²

27 Oct 2012-Sustainable Business International Journal

TL;DR: A taxonomia de quantificacoes de contexto as mentioned in this paper is a taxonomy of topics abordados pelos trabalhos pesquisados, alem de identificar alguns desafios.

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Abstract: O objetivo deste artigo e fazer um levantamento na literatura sobre Qualidade de Contexto (QoC), propondo uma taxonomia dos temas abordados pelos trabalhos pesquisados, alem de identificar alguns desafios. O aumento da utilizacao de dispositivos portateis gerou uma demanda de informacoes do ambiente e do usuario, para que aplicacoes possam oferecer servicos mais dinâmicos e personalizados. Mas para isso, a qualidade destas informacoes e um ponto critico para atender a satisfacao dos usuarios, ponto este que e pouco abordado ate o momento. A metodologia de estudo consistiu das etapas de coleta de dados, analise de dados e sintese e representacao dos dados. Os temas que se destacaram e foram agrupados na taxonomia proposta sao: definicoes e propostas de parâmetros de QoC, alternativas para suas quantificacoes, os modelos de representacao de contexto com QoC, outros temas abordados e cenarios utilizados. Este mapeamento das publicacoes pode auxiliar as pesquisas nesta area, sendo o principal desafio a falta de uniformizacao de nomenclaturas, definicoes, quantificacao e consequentemente de modelos de representacao, o que dificulta a interoperabilidade e o compartilhamento de informacoes de contexto e de QoC.

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16 citations

Additional excerpts

...…C O N S IS T Ê N C IA / C O N F L IT O Resolução de Inconsistência Bu et al. (2006); Becker et al. (2010); Zheng et al. (2011); Zheng (2011); Xu et al. (2012); Zheng; Wang, J. (2012); Resolução de Conflitos Manzoor et al. (2009); Manzoor; Truong, H. (2009); Filho, Jose Bringel; Agoulmine…...
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References

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Journal Article•DOI•

CARISMA: context-aware reflective middleware system for mobile applications

[...]

Licia Capra¹, Wolfgang Emmerich¹, Cecilia Mascolo¹•Institutions (1)

University College London¹

01 Oct 2003-IEEE Transactions on Software Engineering

TL;DR: CARISMA, a mobile computing middleware which exploits the principle of reflection to enhance the construction of adaptive and context-aware mobile applications, is described and a method by which policy conflicts can be handled is demonstrated.

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Abstract: Mobile devices, such as mobile phones and personal digital assistants, have gained wide-spread popularity. These devices will increasingly be networked, thus enabling the construction of distributed applications that have to adapt to changes in context, such as variations in network bandwidth, battery power, connectivity, reachability of services and hosts, etc. In this paper, we describe CARISMA, a mobile computing middleware which exploits the principle of reflection to enhance the construction of adaptive and context-aware mobile applications. The middleware provides software engineers with primitives to describe how context changes should be handled using policies. These policies may conflict. We classify the different types of conflicts that may arise in mobile computing and argue that conflicts cannot be resolved statically at the time applications are designed, but, rather, need to be resolved at execution time. We demonstrate a method by which policy conflicts can be handled; this method uses a microeconomic approach that relies on a particular type of sealed-bid auction. We describe how this method is implemented in the CARISMA middleware architecture and sketch a distributed context-aware application for mobile devices to illustrate how the method works in practice. We show, by way of a systematic performance evaluation, that conflict resolution does not imply undue overheads, before comparing our research to related work and concluding the paper.

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524 citations

"Minimizing the Side Effect of Conte..." refers background or methods in this paper

...To measure the side effect of context inconsistency resolution on ubiquitous applications, we studied Active Campus [9], Gaia [20][21], Socam [10], CARISMA [2], Egospaces [15], and Runes [5]....
[...]
...Various application frameworks [11][15] and middleware infrastructures [2][10][20][25] have been proposed to support the development of context-aware ubiquitous applications....
[...]

Proceedings Article•DOI•

Adaptive cleaning for RFID data streams

[...]

Shawn R. Jeffery¹, Minos Garofalakis², Michael J. Franklin¹•Institutions (2)

University of California, Berkeley¹, Intel²

01 Sep 2006

TL;DR: SMURF is proposed, the first declarative, adaptive smoothing filter for RFID data cleaning, which models the unreliability of RFID readings by viewing RFID streams as a statistical sample of tags in the physical world, and exploits techniques grounded in sampling theory to drive its cleaning processes.

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Abstract: To compensate for the inherent unreliability of RFID data streams, most RFID middleware systems employ a "smoothing filter", a sliding-window aggregate that interpolates for lost readings. In this paper, we propose SMURF, the first declarative, adaptive smoothing filter for RFID data cleaning. SMURF models the unreliability of RFID readings by viewing RFID streams as a statistical sample of tags in the physical world, and exploits techniques grounded in sampling theory to drive its cleaning processes. Through the use of tools such as binomial sampling and π-estimators, SMURF continuously adapts the smoothing window size in a principled manner to provide accurate RFID data to applications.

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457 citations

"Minimizing the Side Effect of Conte..." refers background in this paper

...Even with data filtering [14][16], contexts may still be subject to inconsistency (or context inconsistency) [25][27][28]....
[...]
...Context inconsistency resolution work like [14][16] focuses on filtering raw contextual data probabilistically and marking remaining ones with uncertainty levels....
[...]
...For example, RFID read rate can drop to 60-70% in real-life deployment [14]; GPS errors are often tens of meters; for GSM cellphone network, field tests can result in errors of 187-287 meters [24]....
[...]
...[14] proposed adjusting sensing window size to retrieve missing RFID contexts....
[...]
...People have proposed various filter and threshold techniques to smooth these noisy data [14], or measured them probabilistically with uncertainty levels [16]....
[...]

Journal Article•DOI•

An infrastructure for context-awareness based on first order logic

[...]

Anand Ranganathan¹, Roy H. Campbell¹•Institutions (1)

University of Illinois at Urbana–Champaign¹

01 Dec 2003

TL;DR: This paper proposes a model of context that is based on first order predicate calculus, which allows complex rules involving contexts to be written and enables automated inductive and deductive reasoning to be done on contextual information.

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Abstract: Context simplifies and enriches human-human interaction. However, enhancing human-computer interaction through the use of context remains a difficult task. Applications in pervasive and mobile environments need to be context-aware so that they can adapt themselves to rapidly changing situations. One of the problems is that there is no common, reusable model for context used by these environments. In this paper, we propose a model of context that is based on first order predicate calculus. The first order model allows complex rules involving contexts to be written. It also enables automated inductive and deductive reasoning to be done on contextual information. The first order model allows an expressive description of context using Boolean operators and existential and universal quantifiers. Based on this model, an infrastructure to enable context-awareness in ubiquitous computing environments has been developed. The infrastructure allows the easy development and deployment of various sensors and context-aware applications. It also allows distributed reasoning to take place. This context infrastructure is part of our smart spaces framework for ubiquitous computing, Gaia.

...read moreread less

363 citations

"Minimizing the Side Effect of Conte..." refers background or methods in this paper

...Its expressive power is comparable to existing work on specifying adaptation rules [16][20][22][25]:...
[...]
...To measure the side effect of context inconsistency resolution on ubiquitous applications, we studied Active Campus [9], Gaia [20][21], Socam [10], CARISMA [2], Egospaces [15], and Runes [5]....
[...]
...Domain knowledge or user observations can be formulated as heuristic rules or user preferences [1][4][13][20][23][25][26], but they help little on this issue....
[...]
...Various application frameworks [11][15] and middleware infrastructures [2][10][20][25] have been proposed to support the development of context-aware ubiquitous applications....
[...]
...A large body of ubiquitous computing applications has their logics formulated by adaptation rules, which specify what to do under what conditions [11][20][22]....
[...]

Journal Article•DOI•

Toward an OSGi-based infrastructure for context-aware applications

[...]

Tao Gu¹, Hung Keng Pung¹, Daqing Zhang²•Institutions (2)

National University of Singapore¹, Institute for Infocomm Research Singapore²

01 Oct 2004-IEEE Pervasive Computing

TL;DR: This work proposes an ontology-based context model that leverages Semantic Web technology and OWL (Web Ontology Language) and proposes a service-oriented context-aware middleware (SOCAM) architecture, including a set of independent services that perform context discovery, acquisition, and interpretation.

...read moreread less

Abstract: Applications and services must adapt to changing contexts in dynamic environments. However, building context-aware applications is still complex and time-consuming due to inadequate infrastructure support. We propose a context-aware infrastructure for building and rapidly prototyping such applications in a smart-home environment. This OSGi-based infrastructure manages context-aware services reliably and securely and efficiently supports context acquisition, discovery, and reasoning. A formal, ontology-based context model enables semantic context representation, reasoning, and knowledge sharing. We propose an ontology-based context model that leverages Semantic Web technology and OWL (Web Ontology Language). OWL is an ontology markup language that enables context sharing and context reasoning. Based on our context model, we also propose a service-oriented context-aware middleware (SOCAM) architecture, including a set of independent services that perform context discovery, acquisition, and interpretation.

...read moreread less

363 citations

"Minimizing the Side Effect of Conte..." refers background or methods in this paper

...To measure the side effect of context inconsistency resolution on ubiquitous applications, we studied Active Campus [9], Gaia [20][21], Socam [10], CARISMA [2], Egospaces [15], and Runes [5]....
[...]
...Various application frameworks [11][15] and middleware infrastructures [2][10][20][25] have been proposed to support the development of context-aware ubiquitous applications....
[...]

Proceedings Article•DOI•

A software engineering framework for context-aware pervasive computing

[...]

Karen Henricksen¹, Jadwiga Indulska¹•Institutions (1)

University of Queensland¹

14 Mar 2004

TL;DR: This paper presents a conceptual framework and software infrastructure that together address known software engineering challenges, and enable further practical exploration of social and usability issues by facilitating the prototyping and fine-tuning of context-aware applications.

...read moreread less

Abstract: There is growing interest in the use of context-awareness as a technique for developing pervasive computing applications that are flexible, adaptable, and capable of acting autonomously on behalf of users. However, context-awareness introduces various software engineering challenges, as well as privacy and usability concerns. In this paper, we present a conceptual framework and software infrastructure that together address known software engineering challenges, and enable further practical exploration of social and usability issues by facilitating the prototyping and fine-tuning of context-aware applications.

...read moreread less

346 citations

"Minimizing the Side Effect of Conte..." refers background in this paper

...A large body of ubiquitous computing applications has their logics formulated by adaptation rules, which specify what to do under what conditions [11][20][22]....
[...]
...Various application frameworks [11][15] and middleware infrastructures [2][10][20][25] have been proposed to support the development of context-aware ubiquitous applications....
[...]