Mode of inheritance of finger dermatoglyphic traits among Vaidyas of West Bengal, India
TL;DR: The present report supports the evidence of the existence of a major gene on these dermatoglyphic traits and the transmission of this effect is consistent with Mendelian expectation.
Abstract: Background: It is well established that dermatoglyphics are genetically determined. But, to date, few studies have given attention to the inheritance pattern of dermatoglyphics. Furthermore, despit...
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TL;DR: The intra-Tunisian population analysis shows that Tunisians living in the North and the expanded East Centre of Tunisia are genetically very close, while Tunisians from the extreme East Center and the South of Tunis are relatively less close to them.
Abstract: Background: The human dermatoglyphic traits present variations within and between populations and could be used for estimating the genetic distances between populations. Aim: This study aims to characterize the dermatoglyphic traits in the Tunisian population and to analyze eventual differences between men and women and between individuals according to their geographical distribution. Subjects and Methods: Several dermatoglyphic traits have been determined and analysed for 343 Tunisians belonging to six groups distributed on different Tunisian regions. For statistical analysis, the percent frequency, chi square test and t-test were used. The cluster analysis was applied on D2 Mahalanobis distance matrix. Results: The chi-square test revealed high significant differences between the sexes for the frequencies of arches in the case of the fifth finger and for the frequencies of loops in the case of the fourth left finger and the first left finger. The difference of the distribution of whorl type between men and women was statistically significant for the fourth left finger. While no significant differences were found between sexes in finger ridge counts. Conclusion: The intra-Tunisian population analysis shows that Tunisians living in the North and the expanded East Centre of Tunisia are genetically very close, while Tunisians from the extreme East Center and the South of Tunisia are relatively less close to them. This conclusion agrees with that deduced from recent molecular marker analyses and shows that the multivariate analysis of a high number of quantitative digito-palmar dermatoglyphic traits represents a powerful and shrewd tool in intra-population analyses. Key words: Dermatoglyphics, Fingerprints, Tunisian population, Cluster analysis, Intra-population analysis
doi: 10.4314/ijma.v1i4.1
35 citations
Cites background from "Mode of inheritance of finger derma..."
...However, no Mendelian modes of inheritance have been discovered for most dermatoglyph characteristics in pedigree studies because of either low inheritance or a too large number of contributing genes (Sengupta and Karmakar, 2004)....
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TL;DR: The RD threshold for discrimination of sexes, computed based on Bayes’ theorem, was achieved in all groups and counting areas, enabling its use in forensic investigation.
Abstract: Although, there has already been much research on the differences between sexes in fingerprint ridge density and its variability in the Thai population, such studies have not included native northeastern Thais aged between 14 and 24 who are descended from northeastern Thai ancestry. This study intends to determine the topological, age-grouping and sexual differences in fingerprint ridge density (RD) in such populations. Fingerprints were collected from 353 unrelated volunteers (191 males and 162 females) and classified into three groups, that is, group A (total subjects), group B (14–18 years old) and group C (18–24 years old). RD was assessed for two topological areas, radial and ulnar. Significant differences between genders and age groups were obtained in both counting areas. Females exhibit higher RD i.e. narrower ridges, than males. A decrease in RD values with increasing age was also detected. The RD threshold for discrimination of sexes, computed based on Bayes’ theorem, was achieved in all groups and counting areas, enabling its use in forensic investigation.
30 citations
TL;DR: The authors identified fingerprint-associated loci across the digits, including a genetic basis for the long-recognized "pattern-block" correlations among the middle three digits, and found that fingerprint patterns were genetically correlated with hand proportions.
26 citations
TL;DR: In order for the results of different studies to be comparable, it is necessary to standardise the position of the count area and to use the same method of obtaining the fingerprint, especially when involving a forensic application.
25 citations
References
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Book•
01 Jan 1925
TL;DR: The prime object of as discussed by the authors is to put into the hands of research workers, and especially of biologists, the means of applying statistical tests accurately to numerical data accumulated in their own laboratories or available in the literature.
Abstract: The prime object of this book is to put into the hands of research workers, and especially of biologists, the means of applying statistical tests accurately to numerical data accumulated in their own laboratories or available in the literature.
11,308 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, it was shown that the variance of a human measurement from its mean follows the Normal Law of Errors, and that the variability may be measured by the standard deviation corresponding to the square root of the mean square error.
Abstract: Several attempts have already been made to interpret the well-established results of biometry in accordance with the Mendelian scheme of inheritance. It is here attempted to ascertain the biometrical properties of a population of a more general type than has hitherto been examined, inheritance in which follows this scheme. It is hoped that in this way it will be possible to make a more exact analysis of the causes of human variability. The great body of available statistics show us that the deviations of a human measurement from its mean follow very closely the Normal Law of Errors, and, therefore, that the variability may be uniformly measured by the standard deviation corresponding to the square root of the mean square error. When there are two independent causes of variability capable of producing in an otherwise uniform population distributions with standard deviations σ1 and σ2, it is found that the distribution, when both causes act together, has a standard deviation . It is therefore desirable in analysing the causes of variability to deal with the square of the standard deviation as the measure of variability. We shall term this quantity the Variance of the normal population to which it refers, and we may now ascribe to the constituent causes fractions or percentages of the total variance which they together produce. It is desirable on the one hand that the elementary ideas at the basis of the calculus of correlations should be clearly understood, and easily expressed in ordinary language, and on the other that loose phrases about the “percentage of causation,” which obscure the essential distinction between the individual and the population, should be carefully avoided.
3,800 citations
TL;DR: Bone mineral density was measured in 1992–93 in 129 nuclear families, including 258 parents and 183 children, and was analyzed for familial resemblance factors and rejected the monogenic hypothesis and exhibited a strong polygenic component.
Abstract: Bone mineral density (BMD) was measured in 1992-93 in 129 nuclear families, including 258 parents and 183 children, and was analyzed for familial resemblance factors. BMD measurements were adjusted on weight and age. Segregation analysis rejected the monogenic hypothesis and exhibited a strong polygenic component. Variance components analysis was then used to estimate the parameters of a multivariate normal model including an additive polygenic component, a common environment factor, and a residual specific to each individual. The genetic component was independent of sex and age. The common environmental factor was not significant. The variance of the residual specific factor appeared to be a quadratic function of age, reaching its minimum value at 26.4 years. Consequently, the maximum value for heritability (ratio of genetic variance to total variance) is observed at this age (h2 = 0.84). According to this model, the correlation between two relatives is a function of the ages of each individual in the pair.
395 citations
"Mode of inheritance of finger derma..." refers background in this paper
...…al. 1993, Comuzzie et al. 1995, Olson et al. 2001), blood pressure (Nirmala et al. 1992, Weissbecker 1993, Cheng et al. 1998), bone mineral density (Gueguen et al. 1995, Cardon et al. 2000, Livshits et al. 1999a, 2002) as well as on serological and biochemical markers (Iselius et al. 1989,…...
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Book•
01 Jan 1968
383 citations
"Mode of inheritance of finger derma..." refers background or methods in this paper
...Holt (1968) explained the inheritance of TFRC by polygenic hypothesis—a series of independent additive genes of equal effect, without dominance and without environmental influence....
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...Although most of these studies have assumed a polygenic mode of inheritance (Holt 1968, Slatis et al. 1976, Pons 1979), others do not agree with the assumption of additive polygeny (Pons 1970, Loesch 1971, Roberts and Coope 1975, Roberts 1979)....
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...The prints were analysed quantitatively by ridge counting following the method of Holt (1968)....
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TL;DR: MoKiLETHRix (beaded hair) is, a disorder of the hair and hair follicle manifested by fragile, beaded hair and baldness, that persists but may improve at puberty or later, or during pregnancy.
Abstract: MoKiLETHRix (beaded hair) is, a disorder of the hair and hair follicle manifested by fragile, beaded hair and baldness. Although first described by W. Gr. Smith in 1879 as \" A Rare Nodose Condition of the Hair \", subsequent reports have added little to our understanding of it. Their substance is incorporated in textbooks such as those of Ormsby and Montgomery (1954), Sutton (1956), Pillsbury, Shelley and Kligman (1956) and in a recent report by Baker (1962). Keratosis pilaris (lichen pilaris, ichthyosis foUicularis) is frequently associated but does not always coincide with the distribution of abnormal hair. Moniliform hairs show alternating swellings (nodes) and constrictions (internodes) ; the hairs break off at the internodes and rarely exceed 2-5 cm. in length. The disorder is often limited to the occipital area but the whole scalp may be involved ; beaded hairs have been observed on the eyebrows, axillae, pubis and even on the legs. The condition usually becomes apparent as the lanugo hair is shed but onset may be delayed to adolescence. Once manifest it persists but may improve at puberty or later, or during pregnancy. Affected individuals are usually otherwise healthy, but associated abnormalities of nails and teeth, cutis hyperelastica and mental deficiency may occur (Cockayne, 1933).
364 citations